作者机构：
[Jinshui Wu; Yirong Su; Xiangbi Chen] Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, PR China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, PR China;Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany;RUDN University, 117198, Moscow, Russian Federation;[Yichao Rui] Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 47907 West Lafayette, USA
通讯机构：
[Yinhang Xia] C;[Xiangbi Chen] K;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 410125 Changsha, PR China<&wdkj&>College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128 Changsha, PR China
摘要：
Well-drained upland soils generally have stronger microbial catabolism during organic C transformation than water-logged paddy soils. However, the intensity of microbial anabolism and necromass formation processes in these contrasting agricultural soils is unclear. To quantify these processes, 40 pairs of adjacent upland and paddy soils collected from four climates (mid-temperate, warm temperate, subtropics, and tropics) across eastern China were incubated with 13C-labeled root exudates under simulated field water conditions for 50 days. Upland soil collected from warm temperate exhibited a higher 13C incorporation into living microbial biomass than other climates. In contrast, the lowest newly formed necromass was detected due to the inhibition of fungal anabolism under the high pH condition. Paddy soils collected from cooler climates (mid-temperate and warm temperate) exhibited faster microbial biomass growth than those from warmer climates (subtropics and tropics). Still an opposite trend was observed for microbial necromass accumulation, possibly because of the faster turnover rate of microbial biomass induced by the high N availability in warmer climates. Regardless of climates, 13C incorporated into living microbial biomass (phospholipid fatty acids) was 1.4–2.6 times higher in upland than paddy soils, resulting in 1.8–3.9 times greater accumulation of newly-formed microbial necromass in the former. This was mainly caused by the stronger fungal anabolism (2.5–5.6 times higher) due to the oxygen-sufficient condition of upland soil. Our findings highlighted the weaker accumulation but stronger stability of organic C stored in upland soils because of the greater microbial catabolism and anabolism during organic C transformation.
摘要：
Biological nitrogen fixation and nitrification inhibitor applications contribute to improving soil nitrogen (N) availability, however, free-living N fixation affected by nitrification inhibitors has not been effectively evaluated in soils under different weed management methods. In this study, the effects of the nitrification inhibitors dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on the nitrogenase, nifH gene，and diazotrophic communities in soils under different weed management methods (AMB, weeds growth without mowing or glyphosate spraying; GS, glyphosate spraying; MSG, mowing and removing weeds and glyphosate spraying; and WM, mowing aboveground weeds) were investigated. Compared to the control counterparts, the DCD application decreased soil nitrogenase activity and nifH gene abundance by 4.5% and 37.9%, respectively, under the GS management method, and the DMPP application reduced soil nitrogenase activity by 20.4% and reduced the nifH gene abundance by 83.4% under the MSG management method. The application of nitrification inhibitors significantly elevated soil NH(4)(+)-N contents but decreased NO(3)(-)-N contents, which had adverse impacts on soil nifH gene abundance and nitrogenase activity. The nifH gene abundances were also negatively impacted by dissolved organic N and Geobacter but were positively affected by available phosphorus and diazotrophic community structures. Nitrification inhibitors significantly inhibited Methylocella but stimulated Rhizobiales and affected soil diazotrophic communities. The nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP significantly altered soil diazotrophic community structures, but weed management outweighed nitrification inhibitors in reshaping soil diazotrophic community structures. The non-targeted effects of the nitrification inhibitors DMPP and DCD on soil free-living N fixation were substantially influenced by the weed management methods.
摘要：
Previous epidemiological and animal studies have showed the lipid metabolic disruption of antimicrobial tri-clocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS). However, the present in vivo researches were mainly devoted to the hepatic lipid metabolism, while the evidence about the impacts of TCC/TCS on the adipose tissue is very limited and the potential mechanism is unclear, especially the molecular initiation events. Moreover, little is known about the toxic difference between TCC and TCS. This study aimed to demonstrate the differential adipogenic activity of TCC/TCS as well as the potential molecular mechanism via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha/ beta/gamma). The in vitro experiment based on 3T3-L1 cells showed that TCC/TCS promoted the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes at nanomolar to micromolar concentrations, which was approach to their human exposure levels. We revealed for the first time by reporter gene assay that TCC could activate three PPARs signaling pathways in a concentration-dependent manner, while TCS only activate PPAR beta. The molecular docking strategy was applied to simulate the interactions of TCC/TCS with PPARs, which explained well the different PPARs activities between TCC and TCS. TCC up-regulated the mRNA expression of three PPARs, but TCS only up-regulated PPAR beta and PPAR gamma significantly. Meanwhile, TCC/TCS also promoted the expression of adi-pogenic genes targeted by PPARs to different extent. The cellular and simulating studies demonstrated that TCC exerted higher adipogenic effects and PPARs activities than TCS. Our mice in vivo experiment showed that TCC could lead to adipocyte size increase, adipocyte lipid accumulation growing, fat weight and body weight gain at human-related exposure levels, and high fat diet exacerbated these effects. Moreover, male mice tended to be more susceptible to TCC induced obesogenic effect than female mice. This work highlights the potential obe-sogenic risks of TCC/TCS via PPARs signaling pathways, and TCC deserves more concerns for its higher activity.
摘要：
Proteins from the C1q domain-containing (C1qDC) family recognize self-, non-self-, and altered-self ligands and serves as an initiator molecule for the classical complement pathway as well as recognizing immune complexes. In this study, C1qDC gene family members were identified and analyzed in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Members of the C1q subfamily were cloned, and their response to infection with the grass carp virus was investigated. In the grass carp genome, 54 C1qDC genes and 67 isoforms have been identified. Most were located on chromosome 3, with 52 shared zebrafish homologies. Seven substantially differentially expressed C1qDC family genes were identified in the transcriptomes of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells infected with grass carp reovirus (GCRV), all of which exhibited sustained upregulation. The opening reading frames of grass carp C1qA, C1qB, and C1qC, belonging to the C1q subfamily, were determined to be 738, 732, and 735 base pairs, encoding 245, 243, and 244 amino acids with molecular weights of 25.81kDa, 25.63kDa and 26.16kDa, respectively. Three genes were detected in the nine collected tissues, and their expression patterns were similar, with the highest expression levels observed in the spleen. In vivo after GCRV infection showed expression trends of C1qA, C1qB, and C1qC in the liver, spleen, and kidney. An N-type pattern in the liver and kidney was characterized by an initial increase followed by a decrease, with the highest expression occurring during the recovering period, and a V-type pattern in the spleen with the lowest expression levels during the death period. In vitro, after GCRV infection showed expression trends of C1qA, C1qB, and C1qC, and this gradually increased within the first 24h, with a notable increase observed at the 24h time point. After CIK cells incubation with purified recombinant proteins, rC1qA, rC1qB, and rC1qC for 3h, followed by GCRV inoculation, the GCRV replication indicated that rC1qC exerted a substantial inhibitory effect on viral replication in CIK cells after 24h of GCRV inoculation. These findings offer valuable insights into the structure, evolution, and function of the C1qDC family genes and provide a foundational understanding of the immune function of C1q in grass carp.
摘要：
Maize (Zea mays) cultivation is strongly affected by both abiotic and biotic stress, leading to reduced growth and productivity. It has recently become clear that regulators of plant stress responses, including the phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonic acid (JA), together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), shape plant growth and development. Beyond their well established functions in stress responses, these molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense, which must be finely tuned to achieve high yields in crops while maintaining some level of defense. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of recent research on the developmental functions of stress regulators, focusing specifically on maize. By unraveling the contributions of these regulators to maize development, we present new avenues for enhancing maize cultivation and growth while highlighting the potential risks associated with manipulating stress regulators to enhance grain yields in the face of environmental challenges.
关键词：
Dongting Lake area;Ecological environment;Zoning control;Influencing factors;ecological restoration
摘要：
IntroductionProtecting the ecosystem of the Dongting Lake area is of utmost importance for maintaining ecological balance and achieving human well-being.MethodsThis study identifies the key factors influencing the remote sensing based ecological index (RESI) in the Dongting Lake area based on the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the RESI and environmental changes and anthropogenic disturbance factors. The priority zoning for ecological restoration was delineated in combination with the anthropogenic composite index (ACI). By exploring the influence of anthropogenic disturbances on RESI, the zoning locations were determined using spatial statistics and linear regression methods.ResultsThe overall RESI of the Dongting Lake area showed a decline from 2001 to 2020, with the mean value decreasing from 0.52 to 0.48. High-quality zones were mainly located in mountainous and forested areas, while low-quality zones were mainly distributed in more developed cities in the east urban area. Anthropogenic factors were the main reasons for the decline in the ecological environment, while natural factors showed a positive correlation with RESI. Based on the RESI and ACI, four ecological control zones (H-H, H-L, L-H, and L-L) were delineated, which accounted for a total of 45.66% of the Dongting Lake area. Among them, 3.91% required immediate control and management, while 17.80% required artificial maintenance. This study explores the influencing factors and mechanisms of the ecological environment quality in the Dongting Lake area, and explores the effective spatial paths for the implementation of ecological restoration zoning control and differentiated restoration strategies in the Dongting Lake area.DiscussionThis study provides a scientific basis for mitigating ecological and environmental problems in the Dongting Lake area, and provides a reference for ecological restoration and regulation and the realization of sustainable development goals in China and global regions with complex environmental problems.
摘要：
Neither chemical nor physical adsorption play well in heavy metals remediation in acid soil due to the competing behavior of abundant protons, where stable chelators that can be reused are of significant demand. Herein, biochar with abundant nitro and carboxyl groups is prepared, which can be assembled into self-supporting electrode. Under the catalyzation of electricity, the surface decorated -NO2 on the biochar can be in situ transformed into -NH2. Combined with the carboxyl group that attached on the same carbon atom, a special alpha-amino acid-like structure modified biochar (alpha-AC@BC) can be successfully constructed. Due to the strong affinity between the alpha-amino acid-like ligand and heavy metals, this alpha-AC@BC exhibits high removal efficiencies of 83.41%, 80.94%, 92.54% and 77.05% for available copper, cadmium, lead and zinc respectively, even in a strong acid soil with low pH of 4. After four adsorption-desorption cycles, the alpha-AC@BC could still eliminate 83.88% of copper. The high adsorption energy among -NH2, -COOH and heavy metals (-2.99 eV for copper, -1.90 eV for lead, -1.30 eV for zinc and -0.91 eV for cadmium) could form steady coordination structure to guarantee a highly practical application potential of alpha-AC@BC in strong acid soil. This study provides a novel concept for the decontamination of multiple heavy metal polluted acid soil.
期刊：
IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems,2024年32(3):883-892 ISSN：1063-6706
作者机构：
Institute of Intelligence Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China;National Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;[Zhaowen Xu; Peng Jiang] School of Information Science and Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China;[Haoyi Que] College of Information and Intelligence, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Zheng-Guang Wu] Institute of Intelligence Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China<&wdkj&>National Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
摘要：
The focus of this article is to address the asynchronous control issue for a class of nonlinear Markov jump systems with parameter uncertainties. They are represented by the interval type-2 polynomial fuzzy model. A hidden Markov model is utilized to describe the asynchronous behavior between the system mode and the controller mode in a quantitative manner. This is achieved by using a joint random process, which is presented in a concise format and encompasses both spontaneous and simultaneous jumps. Further to facilitate the design flexibility and low implementation burden, the structure of the asynchronous polynomial fuzzy controller is formed based on the imperfect premise matching scheme. Facing both mismatched modes and mismatched premise variables, a joint Markov chain-based membership-function-dependent stability criteria is established by utilizing the Lyapunov–Krasovskii theory and the $\mathcal {H}_\infty$ performance analysis is then conducted using a sum-of-square approach. The polynomial feedback gain parameters can be readily solved by a sum of squares optimization toolbox SOSTOOLS. Finally, a numerical example is used to validate the effectiveness of our obtained results and the application potential is verified by a single-link robot arm model.
摘要：
【目的】为探究3种糯高粱生长及其对镉污染农田土壤中的镉吸收移除效果。【方法】选用“川糯粱1号”、“兴湘粱2号”和“晋糯梁5号”为实验材料，以休耕为对照，采用“一种两收”种植方式，研究3种糯高粱的生长和镉吸收差异及其对土壤养分和镉含量的影响。【结果】兴湘梁2号的两季秸秆生物量最高(19461.0 kg hm-2)，其次为晋糯梁5号(19143.5 kg hm-2)，川糯梁1号最低(18982.5 kg hm-2)。兴湘梁2号的两季籽粒产量最高(11887.0 kg hm-2)，其次为川糯粱1号(11527.5 kg hm-2)，晋糯梁5号最少(10929.5 kg hm-2)。兴湘梁2号秸秆和籽粒镉吸收量分别为15342.0 mg hm-2和186.0 mg hm-2，其秸秆两季镉吸收量显著高于川糯粱1号和晋糯梁5号。3种糯高粱品种头季和再生季植株镉含量、土壤p H值和有效镉含量均无显著差异。【结论】在镉轻度污染农田中，“一种两收”的糯高粱种植方式是可复制可推广的模式，可为区域重金属污染土壤治理提供技术支撑；另外，兴湘梁2号是本地区更适宜推广的糯高粱品种。
摘要：
Decarbonizing innovation plays a significant role in curbing carbon emissions, allowing a firm to meet governmental environmental regulations and gain a competitive edge. However, innovation uncertainty and technology spillovers deter a firm from doing so. This paper studies the issue of firms' decarbonizing innovation investment in a competing market under carbon emission regulation. We construct game-theoretic models of two competing supply chains, each consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer. Either manufacturer has the opportunity to invest in decarbonizing innovation, but she may fail in the end. According to the manufacturers' innovation investment decisions, several subcases with no investment, unilateral decarbonizing investment, and bilateral decarbonizing investment are explored. The results show that when both manufacturers have a strong absorbing capacity, neither invests in decarbonizing innovation; when they are weak in absorbing external technology, bilateral decarbonizing investment exists. The findings also reveal that unilateral decarboning investment dominates when the probability of innovation success is moderate. There is a case in which both manufacturers do not conduct decarbonizing investment, although the probability of innovation success is high. In addition, we also find that a retailer can make more profit if his upstream manufacturer invests in decarbonizing innovation than in the no-investment scenario. However, he is harmed by bilateral decarbonizing investment if his upstream manufacturer is weak in absorbing external knowledge relative to the case of unilateral decarbonizing investment. Our results elucidated how technology spillovers and the stochastic nature of innovation affect a manufacturer's decarbonizing innovation investment strategy in a competitive environment.
作者机构：
Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;[Jie Yin] College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.;Shuangbaotai Group Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330095, China;College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Guiping Guan; Zhengjun Xie] A;[Xihong Zhou] C;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Shuangbaotai Group Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330095, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
摘要：
Serine is widely involved in antioxidant synthesis, immune response, and fat metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether dietary serine supplementation affects fat deposition in the skeletal muscles of pigs. Thus, we explored the effects of dietary serine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, and composition of gut microbes and their metabolites in growing–finishing pigs. Forty-eight boars weighing approximately 20 kg were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 0.15% serine. The results showed that dietary serine increased the daily weight gain of pigs and improved serum antioxidant capacity as indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde content and increased glutathione and superoxide dismutase content. Pigs supplemented with serine had better meat quality, as shown by the lower drip loss and higher IMF content. Furthermore, dietary serine increased the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus and decreased the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Terrisporobacter. Differential microbial metabolites were mostly enriched in metabolic pathways related to lipid synthesis, such as alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Correlation analysis showed that the altered metabolites were closely related to the intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, our results suggested that serine serves as a potential additive for improving IMF content in growing–finishing pigs.
期刊：
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2024年682:132863 ISSN：0927-7757
通讯作者：
Huang, W;Zhu, KM
作者机构：
[Huang, Wei; Yu, Peng; Tan, Juan; Wang, Zhiguo; Zhang, Chun; Wang, Qiongchao] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Keming] Xian Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Precis Instrument Engn, Xian 710048, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Chao] Chinese Acad Sci, Multiscale Crystal Mat Res Ctr, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Xinxin] Aalborg Univ, Dept Chem & Biosci, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
通讯机构：
[Huang, W ] H;[Zhu, KM ] X;Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Xian Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Precis Instrument Engn, Xian 710048, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Zero -valent iron;Coconut shell derived carbon;Long-life Cr(VI) removal;DFT computation;Enhanced electron transfer pathway
摘要：
Immobilizing zero-valent iron (ZVI) with modulated structure and good dispersibility is of great potential for the elimination of Cr(VI) in contaminated water or soil, but exploring how the support facilitate and prolong the removal of Cr(VI) by ZVI in terms of the electron transfer is inadequate. Coconut shell derived carbon could be promising for Cr(VI) removal due to the features of large specific surface area and porosity. Accordingly, ZVI particles are dispersed into low-cost and scalable coconut shell derived carbon (CSC) matrix uniformly in this study, with enhanced contact area and interaction of ZVI with CSC for effective elimination of Cr(VI). The optimal ZVI/CSC-0.65 demonstrates an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 307.8 mg/g and long-life Cr(VI) cleanup ability over 144 h. The interface reaction mechanism between ZVI/CSC and Cr contaminant have been systematically studied by various techniques including XRD, SEM/TEM and XPS, etc. ZVI's aggregation and passivation in ZVI/CSC-0.65 have been greatly alleviated. Further analysis by Tafel polarization and DFT computation suggests ZVI/CSC-0.65 undergoes fast electron transfer, with a much higher adsorption energy (-2.90 eV) than that of pristine ZVI (-0.63 eV). The Bader charge analysis demonstrates that there is 4.40 |e| charge transferring the ZVI to the carbon, encouraging the Cr(VI) adsorption. A micro-battery based mechanism is proposed which provides an additional electron transfer pathway in ZVI/CSC for long-term Cr(VI) removal.
摘要：
Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites that secrete immunomodulatory substances in saliva to hosts during engorging. Cystatins, a tick salivary protein and natural inhibitor of Cathepsins, are attracting growing interest globally because of the immunosuppressive activities and the feasibility as an antigen for developing anti-tick vaccines. This review outlines the classification and the structure of tick Cystatins, and focuses on the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms. Tick Cystatins can be divided into four families based on structures and cystatin 1 and cystatin 2 are the most abundant. They are injected into hosts during blood feeding and effectively mitigate the host inflammatory response. Mechanically, tick Cystatins exert anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of TLR-NF-κb, JAK-STAT and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Further investigations are crucial to confirm the reduction of inflammation in other cell types like neutrophils and mast cells, and fully elucidate the underlying mechanism (like the structural mechanism) to make Cystatin a potential candidate for the development of novel anti-inflammation agents.
摘要：
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted much attention in recent years, due to the difficulty of degradation and threats to ecological systems and humans. Based on the analysis of 1429 articles on MPs in soil, we found that we know little about the behavior and fate of manure-born MPs from the livestock and poultry production systems to agriculture soils. This review summarizes the analytical methods for sampling, separation, and identification and the occurrence of MPs in livestock and poultry manure, mainly based on 7 surveys related to manure-born MPs. Then, the sources, fate, and environmental risks of MPs in livestock and poultry manure are discussed. MPs, heavy metals, pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes, and persistent organic pollutants are common pollutants in livestock and poultry manure. Worse, manure-born MPs will become smaller, rougher, and more numerous and could easily form more toxic compound pollution after complicated processes of manure treatment, which seriously threatens agricultural soil safety. Finally, an outlook is offered for future research. We hope this article to attract attention to the risks of MPs in livestock and poultry manure and provide a reference for future research.
