With the development of industrialization and urbanization, China's agriculture is facing the dual constraints of resources and environment. It has been proved that this dual constraints will not be solved unless China commits itself to resource-saving and environment - friendly agriculture. This paper based on questionnaire investigation of 332 farmers in Hunan Province investigate the behavior of farmers engaging in Two-Oriented Agriculture Production self-consciously. At present, the farmers' attitude of developing Two-Oriented Agriculture...