Using social exchange theory and the social constructivist theory of emotion, I examined the relationship between supervisors' paternalistic leadership and college English teachers' teaching efficacy in China, as well as the roles emotional creativity and professional identity played in this relationship. Participants were 674 teachers of English at 30 colleges in China. Results of factor and correlation analyses, structural equation modeling, and regression analysis revealed that supervisors' paternalistic leadership had significantly positive effects on teachers' teaching efficacy, and that ...
