作者机构:
[Zhou, Yanbiao; Yang, Yuanzhu] Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Xinhui; Tang, Qianying; Zhang, Zhihui; Fu, Jun; Liu, Lan; Zhou, Yanbiao; Yang, Runqiu; Yang, Yuanzhu; Tang, Xiaodan] Yuan Longping High Tech Agr Co Ltd, Key Lab Southern Rice Innovat & Improvement, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Changsha 410001, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Yanbiao] South China Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhihui; Yang, Yuanzhu] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Xinhui; Yang, Yuanzhu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yang, Yuanzhu; Zhou, Yanbiao] S;State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.;Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation and Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410001, Hunan, China.;College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.;College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
关键词:
STK;Salt stress;Rice;ROS scavenging;ABA
摘要:
BACKGROUND: Soil salinization is a major abiotic environmental stress factor threatening crop production throughout the world. Salt stress drastically affects the growth, development, and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the improvement of rice tolerance to salt stress is a desirable approach for meeting increasing food demand. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) play essential roles in plant growth, development and responses to environmental stresses. However, little is known about their functions in salt stress. Previous reports have demonstrated that overexpression of an RLCK gene SALT TOLERANCE KINASE (STK) enhances salt tolerance in rice, and that STK may regulate the expression of GST (Glutathione S-transferase) genes. RESULTS: The expression of STK was rapidly induced by ABA. STK was highest expressed in the stem at the heading stage. STK was localized at the plasma membrane. Overexpression of STK in rice increased tolerance to salt stress and oxidative stress by increasing ROS scavenging ability and ABA sensitivity. In contrast, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of STK increased the sensitivity of rice to salt stress and oxidative stress. Transcriptome sequencing analysis suggested that STK increased the expression of GST genes (LOC_Os03g17480, LOC_Os10g38140 and LOC_Os10g38710) under salt stress. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) suggested that four stress-related genes may be regulated by STK including OsABAR1, Os3BGlu6, OSBZ8 and OsSIK1. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that STK plays a positive regulatory role in salt stress tolerance by inducing antioxidant defense and associated with the ABA signaling pathway in rice.
摘要:
The dual Z-scheme photocatalysts of beta-In2S3/g - C3N4/WO3 (ISCNWO) were synthesized with improved light adsorption, carrier separation and specific surface area for tetracycline (TC) degradation by sunlight irradiation. The ISCNWO2 exhibited superior solar photodegradation performance of TC, and the kinetic constant was 2.2, 5.6 and 2.3 times that of g-C3N4, WO3 and In2S3, respectively. According to response surface methodology, the optimum TC removal was 96.4 +/- 0.37 % at pH = 3.4 for 140 min irradiation without electrolyte. Even in river, municipal, hospital, frog farming field and tail wastewater, TC degradation efficiencies under solar irradiation for 300 min were > 74 %. As the lower work function of WO3 than that of In2S3 and g-C3N4 calculated by density functional theory (DFT), the electrons migrated from WO3 to In2S3 and g-C3N4 driven by built-in electric field. Under destruction of O-2(-) and OH radicals, TC progressively transformed into 22 intermediates by addition, aromatic ring opening, etc. The toxicity prediction and in vivo experiments towards D. magna, V. fisheri and E. coil suggested that some intermediate products had relative high acute and bioaccumulation toxicity, so it was necessary to control ecological risks. Besides, as the satisfactory reusability of ISCNWO2 with 82.9 % TC removal after 5 cycles, the ISCNWO might had great application prospects in the treatment and remediation of antibiotic contaminated wastewater/natural water.
摘要:
This work investigated the functional properties of four varieties of yam starch and four varieties of cassava starch to better understand the relationship between the structure and properties of various forms of starch. The relationship between the functional properties and structure of starch was explored using Pearson correlation (PCs) and principal component analysis (PCA). The analyses demonstrated that yam starch and cassava starch differ significantly in structure and functional properties. Yam starches have a higher requirement during gelatinization, may hold a higher trough viscosity and final viscosity, and are easier to retrograde after gelati-nization; this results in starch gels with a higher hardness and gel strength. While the cassava starches have a higher breakdown, their starch gels are fluid and squishy. The differences in starch functional properties were linked to particle size, short-range ordered structure, protein content, and average radius of gyration in PCs and PCA. The present investigation demonstrates a link between the functional properties of cassava and yam starch and their structural features and suggests that acceptable processing methods and applications for these tuber starches be selected based on their functional properties.
通讯机构:
[Cui, GX ; Liu, XY ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Cannabidiol;Electrochemical sensing;Gold nanoparticles;Carbon black
摘要:
Cannabidiol (CBD), a significant secondary metabolite of Cannabis sativa L., has pharmacological effects for the treatment of a variety of health conditions, including nerve protection, epilepsy, anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and cancer, which have garnered increasing interest in recent years. Herein, an electrochemical sensing platform was constructed for ultrasensitive determination of CBD, on the base of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) chemically modified with carbon black (CB) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (CB/AuNPs/GCE). The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of prepared CB/AuNPs/GCE were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical technologies. The effects of pH, scanning rate, enrichment time, enrichment potential and the speculated mechanism of cannabidiol reaction at modified electrode were studied in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the fabricated sensing platform exhibited a great linear response of 0.42 mu A mu M-1 in the concentration range of 0.25 similar to 50.0 mu M. The prepared CB/AuNPs/GCE showed long-term stability, good repeatability and high practicability in real samples of industrial hemp. The proposed sensor can be further enhanced for portable and rapid detection of plant secondary metabolites, providing a basis for food detection, agricultural development, and drug detection.
通讯机构:
[Weiguo Wu; Si Qin] L;Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词:
Rosa laevigata;Polysaccharides;Multi-omics;Redox;Gut microbiota
摘要:
Low-molecular-weight polysaccharides (RLPs) extracted from Rosa laevigata fruits showed multiple biofunctions in Asia. This study aimed to investigate its anti-inflammatory obesity effect in high-fat diet-fed rats and further elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism by multi-omics methods. The results showed that RLPs administration had significantly restored immune organ indexes and reduced body weight gain. RNA-seq revealed that the effect of RLPs was partially attributed to its regulation on PPARs signaling by increasing the expressions of Scd, Acox3 and Hmgcs2, and on other redox-related pathways by decreasing the expressions of Cyp2e1, Il1-r1 and Lbp. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing coupled with metagenome sequencing showed that RLPs had significantly reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes from 8.01 to 2.37, and significantly increased the relative abundances ofAlistipes, Prevotella, andAkkermansia from 0.36%, 1.10% and 2.61% to 0.65%, 2.37% and 4.42%, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis result indicated that the abundances of Lachnospiraceae, Prevotella and Bacteroidales were significantly negatively correlated with obesity phenotype, liver function and infl ammatory factors. These results revealed that RLPs exerted significant anti-inflammatory obesity property partially via regulation on gut microbiota interface and the redox balance. Therefore, RLPs could be a promising functional food resource with the potential for redox imbalance-related diseases chemoprevention.(c) 2023 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
关键词:
Fu brick tea;Microbiotic metabolism;Obesity;Polysaccharides;Prebiotic
摘要:
Fu brick tea (FBT) is a traditional tea manufactured by solid-state fermentation of tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). Although anti-obesity effects have been reported for FBT, the associated role of FBT polysaccharides (PSs) and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that FBTPSs inhibited obesity, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation; improved intestinal barrier function; and alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet-fed rats. Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides, Parasutterella, Desulfovibrio, and Blautia were the core microbes regulated by FBTPSs. FBTPSs regulated the produc-tion of gut microbiota-related metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branched-chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids throughout the development of obesity, and regulated the SCFA-GPR signaling pathway. FBTPS-treated fecal microbiota transplant ameliorated obesity, alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis, and improved gut microbiota-associated metabolites, suggesting that the anti-obesity effect of FBTPSs was gut microbiota-dependent. FBTPSs may serve as novel prebiotic agents for the treatment of obesity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota.(c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
摘要:
Early weaning usually causes small intestine epithelial development abnormality, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal diseases. Glutamine (Gln), enriching in plasma and milk, is widely reported to benefit intestinal health. However, whether Gln affects intestinal stem cell (ISC) activity in response to early weaning is unclear. Here, both the early weaning mice and intestinal organoids were used to study the role of Gln in regulating ISC activities. Results showed that Gln ameliorated early weaning-induced epithelial atrophy and augmented the ISC-mediated epithelial regeneration. Gln deprivation disabled ISC-mediated epithelial regeneration and crypt fission invitro. Mechanistically, Gln augmented WNT signaling in a dose-dependent manner to regulate ISC activity, while WNT signaling blockage abolished the effects of Gln on ISCs. Together, Gln accelerates stem cell-mediated intestinal epithelial development associated with the augmentation of WNT signaling, which provides novel insights into the mechanism by which Gln promotes intestinal health.
通讯机构:
[Hua Peng] I;[Si Luo] C;Institute of Agriculture Environment and Ecology, Academy of Agricultural Science (HAAS), Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
Cd;As;Rice straw;Biochar;Rape–rice rotation
摘要:
Background Attention needs to be paid to the environmental risks that may arise when returning contaminated straw to the soil. This study considers the potential effects of rice straw incorporation on cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) transformation and uptake in soil-rape-rice systems. Methods Pot experiment was conducted with five straw-return methods: CK (control: no amendment), S (straw return), SD (straw return with strawdecomposing microbial inoculants), SC (straw with biochar), and-SCFe (straw associated with iron-modified biochar). Results The results showed that the returning of straw significantly decreased soil pH during the rape growing season, while soil pH increased during the rice growing season. As a result, contaminated straw return resulted in remarkable increases of the DTPAextracted concentrations-(DTPACd and-DTPAAs) in rape soil, as well as the-DTPAAs concentrations in rice soil. Treatments S, SD, and SC significantly enhanced the Cd accumulation in rape seeds, in contrast to CK, while the subsequent Cd accumulation in rice grains decreased. Moreover, the inorganic arsenic content in rice grains in both the SD and SC treatments was much lower than that in the CK and S treatments. After the rape growing season, both SC and-SCFe have a positive effect on decreasing rice soil Cd and As bioavailability, compared with the S treatment. Conclusions Collectively, a rape-rice rotation system could reduce the Cd uptake in after-reap rice grains with the incorporation of contaminated straw return, but the risk of As accumulation should be treated with caution.
摘要:
Flavonoids are widely distributed in nature and have a variety of beneficial biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. All of these are related to gut microbiota, and flavonoids also serve as a bridge between the host and gut microbiota. Flavonoids are commonly used to modify the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting or inhibiting specific microbial species within the gut, as well as modifying their metabolites. In turn, the gut microbiota extensively metabolizes flavonoids. Hence, this reciprocal relationship between flavonoids and the gut microbiota may play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and functionality of the metabolism system. In this review, we mainly highlighted the biological effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiobesity, and discussed the interaction between flavonoids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, and elaborated the potential mechanisms on host lipid metabolism.
关键词:
carcass length;genetic parameter;genome-wide association study;meat color
摘要:
Abstract: Ningxiang pig is a breed renowned for its exceptional meat quality, but it possesses suboptimal carcass traits. To elucidate the genetic architecture of meat quality and carcass traits in Ningxiang pigs, we assessed heritability and executed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) concerning carcass length, backfat thickness, meat color parameters (L.LD, a.LD, b.LD), and pH at two postmortem intervals (45 min and 24 h) within a Ningxiang pig population. Heritability estimates ranged from moderate to high (0.30~0.80) for carcass traits and from low to high (0.11~0.48) for meat quality traits. We identified 21 significant SNPs, the majority of which were situated within previously documented QTL regions. Furthermore, the GRM4 gene emerged as a pleiotropic gene that correlated with carcass length and backfat thickness. The ADGRF1, FKBP5, and PRIM2 genes were associated with carcass length, while the NIPBL gene was linked to backfat thickness. These genes hold the potential for use in selective breeding programs targeting carcass traits in Ningxiang pigs. Keywords: genome-wide association study; carcass length; meat color; genetic parameter
关键词:
bacterial flora disorder;Type 2 diabetes;Helicobacter;mulberry leaf fu tea;alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase activities
摘要:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by hyperglycemia, an imbalance in the intestinal flora and disruption of the endocrine system. At present, it is primarily controlled through drug treatment and an improved diet. Mulberry leaf and fu brick tea were considered to have excellent hypoglycemic effects. This study used mulberry leaves and fu brick tea as raw materials to develop a dietary regulator that can assist in the prevention and alleviation of diabetes. The experiment used the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat model to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf fu tea (MFT) and its influence on the intestinal flora of diabetic rats through methods including ELISA, tissue section observation and 16S RNA microbial sequencing. The results showed that, compared with the GK group, the intervention of mulberry leaf fu tea significantly reduced the activities of alpha-glucosidase (p < 0.05) and alpha-amylase (p < 0.05) in the duodenum of GK diabetic rats. The height of the duodenal villi was significantly reduced (p < 0.001), leading to decreased intestinal sugar absorption. At the same time, MFT alleviates the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by high blood sugar, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, etc.), and inhibits the reproduction of harmful bacteria (Blautia, Klebsiella, Helicobacter, Alistipes, etc.). MFT helps reduce the secretion of toxic substances (lipopolysaccharide, p < 0.001), decreases oxidative stress and inflammation, mitigates organ damage, and improves symptoms of diabetes. Finally, the random blood glucose value of GK rats dropped from 22.79 mmol/L to 14.06 mmol/L. In summary, mulberry leaf fu tea can lower sugar absorption in diabetic rats, reduce the body's oxidative stress and inflammatory response, regulate intestinal flora, and reduce blood sugar levels in GK rats. It is hinted that mulberry leaf fu tea could be used as a functional drink to help prevent the occurrence of diabetes.
关键词:
Carbendazim residues;Co-occurrence network;Nitrogen-cycling inhibitors;Soil and endophytic bacteria;Yield
摘要:
Applying nitrogen (N)-cycling inhibitors is an effective measure to improve N fertilizer utilization efficiency, but the effects of N-cycling inhibitors on fungicide residues in soil-crop systems are unclear. In this study, nitrification inhibitors dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) were applied into agricultural soils with fungicide carbendazim applications. The soil abiotic properties, carrot yields, carbendazim residues, bacterial communities and their comprehensive relationships were also quantified. Compared to the control treatment, the DCD and DMPP significantly decreased soil carbendazim residues by 96.2% and 96.0%, and the DMPP and NBPT significantly reduced carrot carbendazim residues by 74.3% and 60.3%, respectively. The nitrification inhibitor applications also generated significant and positive effects on carrot yields and soil bacterial community diversities. The DCD application significantly stimulated soil Bacteroidota and endophytic Myxococcota and modified soil and endophytic bacterial communities. Meanwhile, the DCD and DMPP applications also positively stimulated the co-occurrence network edges of soil bacterial communities by 32.6% and 35.2%, respectively. The linear correlation coefficients between soil carbendazim residues and pH, ETSA and NH(4)(+)-N contents were -0.84, -0.57 and -0.80, respectively. The nitrification inhibitor applications generated win-win effects on the soil-crop systems by decreasing carbendazim residues but promoting soil bacterial community diversities and stabilities and crop yields.
摘要:
Due to its unique localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide (WO3-x) obtains almost full-spectrum response ability, which has great potential in solving energy and environmental problems. In WO3-x, W18O49 owns the highest degree of reduction, which is an ideal material for the preparation of full-spectrum responsive photocatalysts. However, inherent drawbacks still severely inhibit the photocatalytic activity of W18O49. Recently, great attention has been focused on enhancing the catalytic activity and compre-hending the LSPR effect. In this review, the crystal and energy band structure of W18O49 have been introduced, and then the strategies to improve the relative photocatalysis performance have been discussed in detail, including morphology optimization, elemental doping, and fabricated composites. The mechanism of improving photocatalytic performance is summarized, such as enhancing light absorption, optimizing electron and band structure, and improving charge transfer mode. In addition, the development of W18O49 for applications, including degradation of organic pollutants, hydrogen evolution, nitrogen fixation, and carbon dioxide reduc-tion, was comprehensively reviewed. Finally, prospects for the development of W18O49 photocatalysts as well as challenges are also discussed.
摘要:
Resveratrol (Res) is a bioactive dietary component and alleviates apoptosis in multiple cell types. However, its effect and mechanism on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) apoptosis, which commonly happens in dairy cows with mastitis, is unknown. We hypothesized that Res would inhibit LPS-induced apoptosis in BMEC through SIRT3, a NAD + -dependent deacetylase activated by Res. To test the dose-response effect on apoptosis, 0-50 mu M Res were incubated with BMEC for 12 h, followed by 250 mu g/mL LPS treatment for 12 h. To investigate the role of SIRT3 in Res-mediated alleviation of apoptosis, BMEC were pretreated with 50 mu M Res for 12 h, then incubated with si-SIRT3 for 12 h and were finally treated with 250 mu g/mL LPS for 12 h. Res dose-dependently promoted the cell viability and protein levels of Bcl-2 (Linear P < 0.001) but decreased protein levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 (Linear P < 0.001). TUNEL assays indicated that cellular fluorescence intensity declined with the rising doses of Res. Res also dose-dependently upregulated SIRT3 expression, but LPS had the opposite effect. SIRT3 silencing abolished these results with Res incubation. Mechanically, Res enhanced the nuclear translocation of PGC1 alpha, the transcriptional cofactor for SIRT3. Further molecular docking analysis revealed that Res could directly bind to PGC1 alpha by forming a hydrogen bond with Tyr-722. Overall, our data suggested that Res relieved LPS-induced BMEC apoptosis through the PGC1 alpha-SIRT3 axis, providing a basis for further in vivo investigations of applying Res to relieve mastitis in dairy cows.
摘要:
Surface engineering of covalent organic polymers has been performed to investigate the relationship between structure and property by experiments and DFT calculations, which provides a feasible guidance for the design of effective porous cathode materials. Abstract Lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries are a promising energy storage technology due to their tempting high theoretical capacity and energy density. Nevertheless, the wastage of active materials that originates from the shuttling effect of polysulfides still hinders advancement of Li−S batteries. The effective design of cathode materials is extremely pivotal to solve this thorny problem. Herein, surface engineering in covalent organic polymers (COPs) has been performed to investigate the influence of pore wall polarity on the performance of COP‐based cathodes used for Li−S batteries. With the assistance of experimental investigation and theoretical calculations, performance improvement by increasing pore surface polarity and a synergy effect of the polarized functionalities, along with nano‐confinement effect of the COPs, are disclosed, to which the improved performance of Li−S batteries including outstanding Coulombic efficiency (99.0 %) and extremely low capacity decay (0.08 % over 425 cycles at 1.0 C) is attributed. This work not only enlightens the designable synthesis and applications of covalent polymers as polar sulfur hosts with high utilization of active materials, but also provides a feasible guide for the design of effective cathode materials for future advanced Li−S batteries.