摘要：
To evaluate the functional effects of APS (Astragalus polysaccharide) on Furong crucian carp, APS-supplemented diets (0.00 %, 0.05 %, 0.10 % and 0.15 %) were prepared and utilized in feeding experiment. The results showed that the 0.05 % APS group has the highest weight gain rate and specific growth rate, and the lowest feed coefficient rate. In addition, 0.05 % APS supplement could improve muscle elasticity, adhesiveness and chewiness. Moreover, the 0.15 % APS group had the highest spleen-somatic index and the 0.05 % group had the maximum intestinal villus length. 0.05 % and 0.10 % APS addition significantly increased T-AOC and CAT activities while MDA contents decreased in all APS groups. The plasma TNF-& alpha; levels in all APS groups significantly increased (P<0.05), and the 0.05 % group showed the highest TNF-& alpha; level in spleen. In APS addition groups, the tlr8, lgp2 and mda5 gene expressions were significantly elevated, while xbp1, caspase-2 and caspase-9 expressions decreased in uninfected and A. hydrophila-infected fish. Finally, higher survival rate and slower disease outbreak rate were observed in APS-supplemented groups after being infected by A. hydrophila. In conclusion, Furong crucian carp fed by APS-supplemented diets possesses elevated weight gain rate and specific growth rate, and improved meat quality, immunity and disease resistance.
摘要：
As an internal time-keeping mechanism, circadian rhythm plays crucial role in maintaining homoeostasis when in response to nutrition change; meanwhile, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in skeletal muscle play an important role in preserving energy homoeostasis during fasting. Previous results from our laboratory suggested that fasting can influence peripheral circadian rhythm and BCAA metabolism in fish, but the relationship between circadian rhythm and BCAA metabolism, and whether circadian rhythm regulates BCAA metabolism to maintain physiological homoeostasis during fasting remains unclear. This study shows that the expression of fifteen core clock genes as well as KLF15 and Bcat2 is highly responsive to short-term fasting in fast muscle of Siniperca chuatsi, and the correlation coefficient between Clock and KLF15 expression is enhanced after fasting treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the transcriptional expression of KLF15 is regulated by Clock, and the transcriptional expression of Bcat2 is regulated by KLF15 by using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and Vivo-morpholinos-mediated gene knockdown technique. Therefore, fasting imposes a dynamic coordination of transcription between the circadian rhythm and BCAA metabolic pathways. The findings highlight the interaction between circadian rhythm and BCAA metabolism and suggest that fasting induces a switch in KLF15 expression through affecting the rhythmic expression of Clock, and then KLF15 promotes the transcription of Bcat2 to enhance the metabolism of BCAA, thus maintaining energy homoeostasis and providing energy for skeletal muscle as well as other tissues.
作者机构：
[Liu, Shengjun; Ma, Longteng] Jiangxi Haida Feed Co Ltd, Nanchang 331700, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zixi; Ma, Longteng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Anim Nutr Genome & Germplasm Innovat Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Longteng Ma] J;Jiangxi Haida Feed Co., Ltd., Nanchang 331700, China<&wdkj&>Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
Simple Summary Neonates are highly susceptible to intestinal infections; this has been generally ascribed to the immaturity of the immune system, but other factors might contribute. The composition of the gut microbiota is a key factor, as the microbiota protects the host against colonization by pathogens. The neonatal gut microbiota is less diverse and lacks two taxa that are dominant in older intestines: members of the orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales. Microorganisms are closely related to the body's physiological activities and growth and development of the body, and participate in many physiological metabolic activities. Analysis of the structure and source of early colonizing bacteria in the intestinal tract of humans and rodents shows that early colonizing bacteria in the intestinal tract of mammals have solid maternal characteristics, and maternal microbes play an essential role in the formation of progeny intestinal flora. Microorganisms are closely related to the body's physiological activities and growth and development of the body, and participate in many physiological metabolic activities. Analysis of the structure and source of early colonizing bacteria in the intestinal tract of humans and rodents shows that early colonizing bacteria in the intestinal tract of mammals have solid maternal characteristics, and maternal microbes play an essential role in the formation of progeny intestinal flora. The placental microbiome, maternal microbiome and breast milk microbiome are currently hot topics in the field of life science. This paper discusses the vertical transmission and endogenous sources of the mother-to-piglet microbiome through these three pathways, aiming to provide a new research idea for intervention in the intestinal microbiome in young piglets.
通讯机构：
[Yin, Y.] I;[Hou, G.] K;Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Hunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, South Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Poultry Breeding Pollution Control and Resource Technology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China<&wdkj&>College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Newborn piglets;Ig G transport;neonatal Fc receptor;NF-κB signaling pathway;Flora colonization
摘要：
Introduction: The passive immunity of newborn piglets is mainly derived from immunoglobulin G (IgG) in breast milk, and the incomplete transfer of passive immune is considered to be an important cause of piglet death. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of early intestinal flora colonization on IgG uptake and its possible mechanism.Methods: The newborn piglets and IPEC-J2 cells were used to investigate the possible factors and regulatory mechanisms affecting intestinal IgG uptake. In vivo, all 40 piglets were euthanized on postnatal d 0, 1, 3, and 7, with 10 piglets per time. The blood sample, gastric contents, jejunal contents and mucosa were collected for analysis. In vitro, IPEC-J2 cells transwell culture system was used to establish the IgG transporter model to explore the specific regulatory mechanism of IgG transport.Results: Our results demonstrated that the intestinal IgG uptake was positively correlated with the expression of Neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn). With the increase of age, the intestinal flora of newborn piglets was gradually enriched. The function of intestinal genes also changes with the colonization of intestinal flora. We found that the expression trend of TLR2, TLR4 and NF-kappa B (P65) in intestine was consistent with that of FcRn. Furthermore, the in vitro results demonstrate that the NF-kappa B signaling pathway is involved in regulating FcRn-mediated IgG transmembrane transport.Discussion: Early flora colonization affects intestinal IgG uptake in piglets, which may be mediated by NF-KB-FcRn pathway.
摘要：
Aspartate (asp), glutamate (glu), and glutamine (gln) are the major energy fuels for the small intestine, and it had been indicated in our previous study that the mix of these three amino acid supplementations could maintain intestinal energy homeostasis. This study aimed to further investigate whether the treatment of gln, glu, and asp in low energy diet affects the intestinal barrier integrity and amino acid pool in weaning piglets. A total of 198 weaned piglets were assigned to 3 treatments: control (basal diet + 1.59% L-Ala); T1 (basal diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp); and T2 (low energy diet + 1% L-Gln + 0.5% L-Glu + 0.1% L-Asp). The blood, jejunum, and ileum were obtained on day 5 or on day 21 post-weaning, respectively. Our results showed that T1 and T2 treatments increased the abundances of occludin, claudin-1, and claudin-3 in the small intestine while decreasing the serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactate levels in weaning piglets. Meanwhile, T1 and T2 treatments significantly increased the positive rate of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) of the small intestine, promoting intestinal cell proliferation. We also found that supplementation with glu, gln, and asp improved the serum amino acid pool and promoted ileal amino acid transporter gene expression of slc3a2, slc6a14, and slc7a11 in weaned piglets. Additionally, on day 21 post-weaning, T1 and T2 treatments stimulated the phosphorylation of the mTOR-S6K1-4EBP1 signaling pathway in the small intestine, which may implicate the enhanced protein synthesis rate. In summary, dietary supplementation of gln, glu, and asp was beneficial to the intestinal barrier function and amino acid pool regulation, while the benefits of gln, glu, and asp treatment might be diminished by the low-energy diet. The results demonstrated that the supplementation of gln, glu, and asp under low energy levels was preferentially supplied as the energy fuel to restore the gut barrier function in piglets on day 5 post-weaning. With the increase in age and intestinal maturation (on day 21 post-weaning), gln, glu, and asp supplementation could also show an effect on the regulation of the amino acid pool and protein synthesis.
期刊：
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2023年240:124384 ISSN：0141-8130
通讯作者：
Xiang Zhao
作者机构：
[Ying, Yan-Rong; Xiao, Tiao-Yi; Long, Zhe; Xiong, Shu-Ting; Zhao, Xiang; Li, Jun-Hua] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Tiao-Yi; Long, Zhe; Xiong, Shu-Ting; Li, Jun-Hua] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Engn Technol Res Ctr Featured Aquat Resource, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Bing; Zhao, Xiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiang Zhao] C;College of Fisheries, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
摘要：
Membrane-associated RING-CH-type finger (MARCH) proteins have been reported to regulate type I IFN production during host antiviral innate immunity. The present study reported the zebrafish MARCH family member, MARCH7, as a negative regulator in virus-triggered type I IFN induction via targeting TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) for degradation. As an IFN-stimulated gene (ISG), we discovered that MARCH7 was significantly induced by spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) or poly(I:C) stimulation. Ectopic expression of MARCH7 reduced the activity of IFN promoter and dampened the cellular antiviral responses triggered by SVCV and grass carp reovirus (GCRV), which concomitantly accelerated the viral replication. Accordingly, the knockdown of MARCH7 by siRNA transfection significantly promoted the transcription of ISG genes and inhibited SVCV replication. Mechanistically, we found that MARCH7 interacted with TBK1 and degraded it via K48-linked ubiquitination. Further characterization of truncated mutants of MARCH7 and TBK1 confirmed that the C-terminal RING of MARCH7 is essential in the MARCH7-mediated degradation of TBK1 and the negative regulation of IFN antiviral response. This study reveals a molecular mechanism by which zebrafish MARCH7 negatively regulates the IFN response by targeting TBK1 for protein degradation, providing new insights into the essential role of MARCH7 in antiviral innate immunity.
通讯机构：
[Wenbing Zhang] T;The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China<&wdkj&>Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
期刊：
STAR Protocols,2023年4(4):102589 ISSN：2666-1667
通讯作者：
Ren, Ruimin;Wang, Heng
作者机构：
[Ren, Ruimin] College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: ruimin.ren@hunau.edu.cn;[Hua, Yao] College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China;[Wang, Heng] College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China. Electronic address: wangheng@sdau.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Wang, Heng; Ren, Ruimin] C;College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China. Electronic address: ruimin.;College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Pioneer transcription factors (TFs) can directly establish higher-order chromatin interactions to instruct gene transcription. Here, we present a protocol for capturing TF-mediated 3D chromatin interactions using affinity tag-based bridge linker (BL)-Hi-chromatin immunoprecipitation (HiChIP). We describe steps for constructing FLAG-tagged TF, performing BL-HiChIP, and preparing the library. We then detail procedures for sequencing, data analysis, and quality control. This protocol has potential applications in 3D chromatin analysis centered on any specific TF in any type of cells without the need of optimal antibodies. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Ren etal. (2022).(1).
摘要：
In this study, Rhizopus oryzae HC-1, a food-grade fungal isolated from sufu, was utilized for solid-state fermentation (SSF) of soybeans, to investigate its effect on metabolites composition and antioxidant activity. Results revealed that SSF notably enhanced the total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), aglycone isoflavones, and antioxidant capacity of soybeans. The increase in aglycone isoflavones was attributed to the action of secreted beta-glucosidase. The fermented soybean (FSB) with strongest antioxidant activity was further investigated by UPLC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis and in vitro human gut microbiota modulation effect by colonic fermentation. A total of 176 and 114 metabolites differed significantly between non-fermented soybean (NSB) and FSB in positive-and negative-ion modes, respectively. FSB and NSB had a beneficial modulation effect on the microbiota community structure. Additionally, colonic fermentation of both FSB and NSB for 24 h resulted in a higher relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Bacteroides compared to the control group, and FSB showed a greater modulation effect. Thus, SSF with R. oryzae HC-1 was found to significantly improve the metabolite profile, antioxidant activity and human intestinal microbiota modulation effect of soybeans, potentially offering novel functional or nutraceutical ingredients for the food and pharmaceutical industry.
通讯机构：
[Zhipeng Gao; Jiajing Guo] H;Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan Province, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Agriculture Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan Province, China
关键词：
Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl.;E. coli;Linalool;Lipopolysaccharide;Proteome;Ribosomal assembly;Substrate transportation;Transcriptome
通讯机构：
[Duan, YH ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Hunan Prov Key Lab Anim Nutr Physiol & Metab Proc, Inst Subtrop Agr,Natl Engn Lab Pollut Control & Wa, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
关键词：
weaned piglets;liver injury and restoration;lipopolysaccharide
摘要：
This study aimed to explore the effects of the incremental injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on liver histopathology, inflammation, oxidative status, and mitochondrial function in piglets. Forty healthy Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire castrated boars (21 +/- 2 days old, weight 6.84 +/- 0.11 kg) were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8) and then slaughtered on days 0 (group 0, without LPS injection), 1 (group 1), 5 (group 5), 9 (group 9), and 15 (group 15) of LPS injection, respectively. The results showed that, compared to the piglets without LPS injection, LPS injection caused liver injury in the early phase, as manifested by the increased activities of serum liver injury-related parameters (aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, and total bile acid) on day 1, and impaired liver morphology (disordered hepatic cell cord arrangement, dissolved and vacuolized hepatocytes, karyopycnosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration and congestion) on days 1 and 5. Meanwhile, LPS injection caused liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction on days 1 and 5, as reflected by the upregulated mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-kappa B; increased MPO and MDA content; and impaired mitochondrial morphology. However, these parameters were ameliorated in the later phase (days 9 similar to 15). Taken together, our data indicate that the incremental injection of the LPS-induced liver injury of piglets could be self-repaired.
关键词：
WGCNA, weighted gene co-expression network analysis;RNA-Seq, RNA-sequencing;DEGs, differentially expressed genes;qPCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction;FPKM, fragments per kilobase of transcript per million;GO, Ningxiang pig, backfat tissue, different developmental stage, WGCNA, hub gene, lipid metabolism
摘要：
Fat deposition is an economically important trait in pigs. Ningxiang pig, one of the four famous indigenous breeds in China, is characterized by high fat content. The underlying gene expression pattern in different developmental periods of backfat tissue remains unclear, and the purpose of this investigation is to explore the potential molecular regulators of backfat tissue development in Ningxiang pigs. Backfat tissue (three samples for each stage) was initially collected from different developmental stages (60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days after birth), and histological analysis and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were then conducted. Fragments per kilobase of transcript per million (FPKM) method was used to qualify gene expressions, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Furthermore, strongly co-expressed genes in modules, which were named by color, were clustered by Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on dynamic tree cutting algorithm. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment were subsequently implemented, and hub genes were described in each module. Finally, QPCR analysis was employed to validate RNA-seq data. The results showed that adipocyte area increased and adipocyte number decreased with development of backfat tissue. A total of 1,024 DEGs were identified in five comparison groups (120 days vs. 60 days, 180 days vs. 120 days, 240 days vs. 180 days, 300 days vs. 240 days, and 360 days vs. 300 days). The turquoise, red, pink, paleturquoise, darkorange, and darkgreen module had the highest correlation coefficient with 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 days developmental stage, while the tan, black and turquoise module had strong relationship with backfat thickness, adipocyte area, and adipocyte number, respectively. Thirteen hub genes (ACSL1, ACOX1, FN1, DCN, CHST13, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL6A3, COL5A1, COL14A1, OAZ3, DNM1, and SELP) were recognized. ACSL1 and ACOX1 might perform function in the early developmental stage of backfat tissue (60 days), and FN1, DCN, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL5A1, COL6A3, and COL14A1 have unignorable position in backfat tissue around 120 days developmental stage. Besides, hub genes SELP and DNM1 in modules significantly associated with backfat thickness and adipocyte area might be involved in the process of backfat tissue development. These findings contribute to understand the integrated mechanism underlying backfat tissue development and promote the progress of genetic improvement in Ningxiang pigs.
