期刊：
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease,2023年55:102630 ISSN：1477-8939
通讯作者：
Liu, GH;Yao, CQ
作者机构：
[Fu, Yi-Tian; Deng, Yuan-Ping; Liu, Guo-Hua; Zhang, Xue-Ling; Duan, De-Yong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Parasites & Vectors, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Yi-Tian] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Sch Basic Med, Dept Parasitol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Chaoqun; Yao, CQ] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.;[Yao, Chaoqun; Yao, CQ] Ross Univ, One Hlth Ctr Zoonoses & Trop Vet Med, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.;[Shao, Renfu] Univ Sunshine Coast, Ctr Bioinnovat, Sch Sci Technol & Engn, Sippy Downs, Australia.
通讯机构：
[Liu, GH ] H;[Yao, CQ ] R;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Parasites & Vectors, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.;Ross Univ, One Hlth Ctr Zoonoses & Trop Vet Med, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.
关键词：
Human lice;Lice-borne diseases;Lice-borne pathogen
摘要：
Human lice have always been a major public health concern due to their vector capacity for louse-borne infectious diseases, like trench fever, louse-borne relapsing fever, and epidemic fever, which are caused by Bartonella quintana, Borrelia recurrentis, and Rickettsia prowazekii, respectively. Those diseases are currently re-emerging in the regions of poor hygiene, social poverty, or wars with life-threatening consequences. These louse-borne diseases have also caused outbreaks among populations in jails and refugee camps. In addition, antibodies and DNAs to those pathogens have been steadily detected in homeless populations. Importantly, more bacterial pathogens have been detected in human lice, and some have been transmitted by human lice in laboratories. Here, we provide a comprehensive review and update on louse-borne infectious diseases/bacterial pathogens.
作者机构：
[Ye, Mengke; Wang, Ji; Liu, Xiangyan; Li, Xiaowen; Wang, Xianglin; Liu, Sha; Qu, Jianyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Lab Anim Clin Toxicol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Jing; Li, Rongfang; Yi, Jine; Wen, Lixin; Yuan, Zhihang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Livestock & Poultry Hlth Care, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Rongfang Li] H;Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, People’s Republic of China
摘要：
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of anti-stress agents on the growth performance and immune function of broilers under immune stress conditions induced by vaccination. A total of 128, 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups. Group normal control (NC) was the control group. Group vaccination control (VC), T 0.5%, and T 1% were the treatment groups, which were nasally vaccinated with two doses of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. The chicks in groups T 0.5% and T 1% were fed conventional diets containing 0.5% and 1% anti-stress agents. Thereafter, these broilers were slaughtered on 1, 7, 14, and 21 days post-vaccination. The results indicated that anti-stress agents could significantly reduce serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (P < 0.01) and cortisol (CORT) (P < 0.05) levels, and improve the growth performance (P < 0.05) and immune function of broilers (P < 0.05); However, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) were decreased, and the decreased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (P < 0.01) levels mediated by vaccination were markedly improved. In addition, anti-stress agents could attenuate apoptosis in spleen lymphocytes (P < 0.01) by upregulating the ratio of Bcl-2 to BAX (P < 0.01) and downregulating the expression of caspase-3 and -9 (P < 0.01), which might be attributed to the inhibition of the enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and -9 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, anti-stress agents may improve growth performance and immune function in broilers under immune-stress conditions.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Investigation of effects and mechanism of immune stress induced by vaccination.Beneficial effect of anti-stress agents on growth performance, immune function, oxidative stress, and regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis.Demonstration of the effects of apoptosis on immune function in the organism.
摘要：
Branched-long-chain monomethyl fatty acids (BLCFA) are consumed daily in significant amounts by humans in all stages of life. BLCFA are absorbed and metabolized in human intestinal epithelial cells and are not only oxidized for energy. Thus far, BLCFA have been revealed to possess versatile beneficial bioactivities, including cytotoxicity to cancer cells, anti-inflammation, lipid-lowering, reducing the risk of metabolic disorders, maintaining normal β cell function and insulin sensitivity, regulation of development, and mitigating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, compared to other well-studied dietary fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), BLCFA has received disproportionate attention despite their potential importance. Here we outlined the major food sources, estimated intake, absorption, and metabolism in human cells, and bioactive properties of BLCFA with a focus on the bioactive mechanisms to advocate for an increased commitment to BLCFA investigations. Humans were estimated to absorb 6-5000 mg of dietary BLCFA daily from fetus to adult. Notably, iso-15:0 inhibited the growth of prostate cancer, liver cancer and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas in rodent models at the effective doses of 35-105 mg/kg/day, 70 mg/kg/day, and 70 mg/kg/day, respectively. Feeding formula prepared with 20% w/w BLCFA mixture to neonatal rats with enterocolitis mitigated the intestine inflammation. Iso-15:0 at doses of 10, 40, and 80 mg/kg relieved brain ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. In the future, it is crucial to conduct research to establish the epidemiology of BLCFA intake and their impacts on health outcomes in humans as well as to fully uncover the underlying mechanisms for their bioactivities.
通讯机构：
[Zhiliang Sun; Jing Wu] H;Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Co-innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Co-innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, PR China
摘要：
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Koumine, an indole alkaloid extracted from Gelsemium elegans Benth, exerts anti-inflammation and antioxidant activities. However, the effects of koumine on intestinal injury induced by H(2)O(2) and its potential molecular mechanisms need larger studies. AIM OF THE STUDY: We established an IPEC-J2 cell damage model induced by H(2)O(2) to explore the protective mechanism of koumine on intestinal injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the experiment, cell damage models were made with hydrogen peroxide. To assess the protective effect of koumine on H(2)O(2)-induced IPEC-J2 cell injury, CCK-8, the release of LDH and ROS, transmission electron microscopy and Annexin V-FITC/PI were employed. Western Blot and Quantitative Real-time PCR were used to determine the potential alleviated mechanism of koumine on H(2)O(2)-trigged IPEC-J2 cell damage. RESULTS: The results of CCK-8 and LDH implied that koumine has a mitigative effect on H(2)O(2)-induced cell damage via upregulating cell viability and suppressing cell membrane fragmentation. Simultaneously, koumine notably inhibited the level of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and TGF-β), the over-production of ROS along with decreasing the injury of mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosome induced by H(2)O(2). Moreover, koumine dramatically attenuated H(2)O(2)-triggered IPEC-J2 cell apoptosis and autophagy. Subsequently, Western blot analysis identified NF-ΚB, PI3K and ERS as possible pathway responsible for the protective effect of koumine on H(2)O(2)-stimulated IPEC-J2 cell inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: This in vitro experimental study suggests that koumine suppresses the H(2)O(2)-induced activation of inflammatory pathways, oxidative injury, ER stress, apoptosis and autophagy, which provide a rationale for therapeutically use in major intestinal diseases.
期刊：
Lipids in Health and Disease,2023年22(1):1-14 ISSN：1476-511X
通讯作者：
Xiujun Fan<&wdkj&>Qing Yang
作者机构：
[Tan, Lunbo; Yang, Qing; Chen, Zhilong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Fen; Tan, Lunbo; Zhang, Jian V.; Fan, Xiujun; Chen, Zhilong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biomed & Biotechnol, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Ctr Energy Metab & Reprod, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;[Danser, A. H. Jan; Tan, Lunbo; Verdonk, Koen; Mulder, Monique] Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, Div Vasc Med & Pharmacol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.;[Ouyang, Zijun] Shenzhen Polytech, Inst Marine Biomed, Sch Food & Drug, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Haichun] Changsha Hosp Maternal & Child Hlth Care, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiujun Fan; Qing Yang] C;Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China<&wdkj&>College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
摘要：
The adipokine chemerin regulates adipogenesis and the metabolic function of both adipocytes and liver. Chemerin is elevated in preeclamptic women, and overexpression of chemerin in placental trophoblasts induces preeclampsia-like symptoms in mice. Preeclampsia is known to be accompanied by dyslipidemia, albeit via unknown mechanisms. Here, we hypothesized that chemerin might be a contributor to dyslipidemia. Serum lipid fractions as well as lipid-related genes and proteins were determined in pregnant mice with chemerin overexpression in placental trophoblasts and chemerin-overexpressing human trophoblasts. In addition, a phospholipidomics analysis was performed in chemerin-overexpressing trophoblasts. Overexpression of chemerin in trophoblasts increased the circulating and placental levels of cholesterol rather than triglycerides. It also increased the serum levels of lysophosphatidic acid, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and induced placental lipid accumulation. Mechanistically, chemerin upregulated the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g, fatty acid-binding protein 4, adiponectin, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and 2, and the ratio of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 / total ERK1/2 in the placenta of mice and human trophoblasts. Furthermore, chemerin overexpression in human trophoblasts increased the production of lysophospholipids and phospholipids, particularly lysophosphatidylethanolamine. Overexpression of placental chemerin production disrupts trophoblast lipid metabolism, thereby potentially contributing to dyslipidemia in preeclampsia.
通讯机构：
[Liguo Yang] N;National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
In China, animal feeds are frequently contaminated with a range of mycotoxins, with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin (T-2) being two highly toxic mycotoxins. This study investigates the combined nephrotoxicity of AFB1 and T-2 on PK15 cells and murine renal tissues and their related oxidative stress mechanisms. PK15 cells were treated with the respective toxin concentrations for 24 h, and oxidative stress-related indicators were assessed. The results showed that the combination of AFB1 and T-2 led to more severe cellular damage and oxidative stress compared to exposure to the individual toxins (p < 0.05). In the in vivo study, pathological examination revealed that the kidney tissue of mice exposed to the combined toxins showed signs of glomerular atrophy. The contents of oxidative stress-related indicators were significantly increased in the kidney tissue (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the combined toxins cause significant oxidative damage to mouse kidneys. The study highlights the importance of considering the combined effects of mycotoxins in animal feed, particularly AFB1 and T-2, which can lead to severe nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in PK15 cells and mouse kidneys. The findings have important implications for animal feed safety and regulatory policy.
摘要：
Fleas are important ectoparasites and vectors associated with a wide range of pathogenic diseases, posing threats to public health concerns, especially cat fleas that spread worldwide. Understanding the microbial components is essential due to cat fleas are capable of transmitting pathogens to humans, causing diseases like plague and murine typhus. In the present study, metagenomic next-generation sequencing was applied to obtain the complete microbiota and related functions in the gut of Ctenocephalides felis. A total of 1,870 species was taxonomically recognized including 1,407 bacteria, 365 eukaryotes, 69 viruses, and 29 archaea. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum among the six samples. Pathogens Rickettsia felis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Coxiella burnetii, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were taxonomically identified and had high abundances in all samples. The resistance gene MexD was predominant in microbial communities of all cat fleas. We also performed epidemiological surveys of pathogens R. felis, A. baumannii, C. burnetii, and A. phagocytophilum among 165 cat fleas collected from seven provinces in China, while only the DNAs of R. felis (38/165, 23.03%) and C. burnetii (2/165, 1.21%) were obtained. The data provide new insight and understanding of flea intestinal microbiota and support novel information for preventing and controlling fleas and their transmitted diseases.
