通讯机构：
[Zeng, CZ ] C;[Yan, ML ; Tong, JH ] H;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Forestry Biotechnol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Hunan Prov Key Lab Phytohormones & Growth Dev, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Crop Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Metabolic profiles in xylem sap are considered a fundamental mechanism for Cd detoxification in plants. However, the metabolic mechanism of Brassica juncea xylem sap in response to Cd is still unclear. Here, we investigated the effects on the metabolomics of B. juncea xylem sap treated with Cd at different times by utilizing a non-targeted LC-MS-based metabolomics method for further elucidating the response mechanism of Cd exposure. The findings indicated that 48 h and 7 d Cd exposure caused significant differences in metabolic profiles of the B. juncea xylem sap. Those differential metabolites are primarily involved in amino acids, organic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, and most of them were downregulated, which played essential roles in response to Cd stress. Furthermore, B. juncea xylem sap resisted 48 h Cd exposure via regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism, carbon metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, ABC transporters, biosynthesis of amino acids, and pyrimidine metabolism; whereas alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, photosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation were regulated for resisting 7 d Cd exposure. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
摘要：
The components of a protein complex involved in recognizing the histone modification H3K27me3 and transcriptional repression function in an epigenetic module that negatively regulates the N‐hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis gene FLAVIN‐DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1. ABSTRACT N‐Hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) is a signaling molecule crucial for systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a systemic immune response in plants that provides long‐lasting and broad‐spectrum protection against secondary pathogen infections. To identify negative regulators of NHP biosynthesis, we performed a forward genetic screen to search for mutants with elevated expression of the NHP biosynthesis gene FLAVIN‐DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1 (FMO1). Analysis of two constitutive expression of FMO1 (cef) and one induced expression of FMO1 (ief) mutants revealed that the AIPP3–PHD2–CPL2 protein complex, which is involved in the recognition of the histone modification H3K27me3 and transcriptional repression, contributes to the negative regulation of FMO1 expression and NHP biosynthesis. Our study suggests that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in controlling FMO1 expression and NHP levels in plants.
摘要：
Climate change has caused high salinity in many fields, particularly in the mud flats in coastal regions. The resulting salinity has become one of the most significant abiotic stresses affecting the world's rice crop productivity. Developing elite cultivars with novel salinity-tolerance traits is regarded as the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for utilizing saline-alkali land. To develop a highly efficient green strategy and create novel rice germplasms for salt-tolerant rice breeding, this study aimed to improve rice salinity tolerance by combining targeted CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the OsRR22 gene with heterosis utilization. The novel alleles of the genic male-sterility (GMS) and elite restorer line (733S(rr22)-T1447-1 and HZ(rr22)-T1349-3) produced 110 and 1 bp deletions at the third exon of OsRR22 and conferred a high level of salinity tolerance. Homozygous transgene-free progeny were identified via segregation in the T2 generation, with osrr22 showing similar agronomic performance to wild-type (733S and HZ). Furthermore, these two osrr22 lines were used to develop a new promising third-generation hybrid rice line with novel salinity tolerance. Overall, the results demonstrate that combining CRISPR/Cas9 targeted gene editing with the "third-generation hybrid rice system" approach allows for the efficient development of novel hybrid rice varieties that exhibit a high level of salinity tolerance, thereby ensuring improved cultivar stability and enhanced rice productivity.
作者：
Chen, Li-jun;Zhou, Xuan-wei;Li, Zhe-zhi;Lyu, Bo
期刊：
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2023年249:114459 ISSN：0147-6513
通讯作者：
Li-jun Chen<&wdkj&>Bo Lyu
作者机构：
[Chen, Li-jun; Li, Zhe-zhi] Shaoyang Univ, Coll Urban & Rural Construction, Shaoyang 422099, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuan-wei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lyu, Bo] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci & Technol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
通讯机构：
[Li-jun Chen] C;[Bo Lyu] D;Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA<&wdkj&>College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099 Shaoyang, China
摘要：
HYPOTHESIS: Construction of dual gatekeepers-functionalized mesoporous organic silica nanoparticles (MONs) with both physical and chemical mechanisms for modulated drug delivery properties provides one solution to the extracellular stability vs. intracellular high therapeutic efficiency of MONs that hold great potential for clinical translations. EXPERIMENTS: We reported herein facile construction of diselenium-bridged MONs decorated with dual gatekeepers, i.e., azobenzene (Azo)/polydopamine (PDA) for both physical and chemical modulated drug delivery properties. Specifically, Azo can act as a physical barrier to block DOX in the mesoporous structure of MONs for extracellular safe encapsulation. The PDA outer corona serves not only as a chemical barrier with acidic pH-modulated permeability for double insurance of minimized DOX leakage in the extracellular blood circulation but also for inducing a PTT effect for synergistic PTT and chemotherapy of breast cancer. FINDINGS: An optimized formulation, DOX@(MONs-Azo3)@PDA resulted in approximately 1.5 and 2.4 fold lower IC50 values than DOX@(MONs-Azo3) and (MONs-Azo3)@PDA controls in MCF-7 cells, respectively, and further mediated complete tumor eradication in 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice with insignificant systematic toxicity due to the synergistic PTT and chemotherapy with enhanced therapeutic efficiency.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2023年14:1239758 ISSN：1664-462X
通讯作者：
Müller, M.
作者机构：
[Müller, Maren] Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;[Wang, Ruozhong] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Kudoyarova, Guzel] Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
通讯机构：
[Müller, M.] D;Department of Evolutionary Biology, Spain
关键词：
plant hormones;Climate Change;bio c stress;abio c stress;hormone signaling;14 hormone interac on;plant adapta on;plant stress tolerance 15
摘要：
warming, the evolu on of pathogenic threats and extreme weather condi ons have a great 21 impact on the plant ecosystem. Intense and unpredictable climate events are likely to exacerbate 22 the food crisis, par cularly in terms of ensuring global food security. Thus, climate-resilient 23 agriculture is crucial to securing future harvests, and scien sts around the world are involved in 24 developing solu ons. In this context, plant hormones, also known as phytohormones, play a 25 pivotal role, as they not only regulate plant growth and development, but also regulate the 26 plant's ability to react to environmental changes. Plant hormones include a wide variety of 27 compounds, including auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, 28 jasmonates, brassinosteroids, strigolactones and some pep des. Although it is now well known 29 that plant hormones act through complex networks, many gaps remain regarding their 30 interac ons and feedback loops that connect their signaling pathways. This research topic aims 31 to collect original research, perspec ve, as well as hypothesis and theory papers on our 32 knowledge of recent advances in plant hormone research under changing environmental stress 33 condi ons. 34The perspec ve ar cle by Wang et al. presents a novel view on the plant transcrip on factor Dof 36 (DNA-binding with one finger) as a key regulatory hub of abscisic acid, jasmonates, salicylates, 37 and redox signaling in responses to abio c str...
关键词：
gut microbiota;immune system;osteoporosis;pathway;polyphenol
摘要：
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is characterized by a reduction in bone mass, compromised bone microstructure, heightened bone fragility, and an increased susceptibility to fractures. The dynamic imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast populations is a decisive factor in the occurrence of osteoporosis. With the increase in the elderly population in society, the incidence of osteoporosis, disability, and mortality have gradually increased. Polyphenols are a fascinating class of compounds that are found in both food and medicine and exhibit a variety of biological activities with significant health benefits. As a component of food, polyphenols not only provide color, flavor, and aroma but also act as potent antioxidants, protecting our cells from oxidative stress and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Moreover, these natural compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which aid in immune response regulation and potentially alleviate symptoms of diverse ailments. The gut microbiota can degrade polyphenols into more absorbable metabolites, thereby increasing their bioavailability. Polyphenols can also shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance. Therefore, studying the synergistic effect between gut microbiota and polyphenols may help in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. By delving into how gut microbiota can enhance the bioavailability of polyphenols and how polyphenols can shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance, this review offers valuable information and references for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.
摘要：
Among enteroviruses, echovirus can cause severe illnesses in neonates or infants, with high morbidity and mortality. Autophagy, a central component of host defense mechanisms, can function against diverse infections. In the present study, we investigated the interplay between echovirus and autophagy. We demonstrated that echovirus infection increases LC3-II expression dose-dependently, accompanied by an increased intracellular LC3 puncta level. In addition, echovirus infection induces the formation of autophagosome. These results suggest that echovirus infection induces autophagy machinery. Furthermore, phosphorylated mTOR and ULK1 were both decreased upon echovirus infection. In contrast, both levels of the vacuolar protein sorting 34 (VPS34) and Beclin-1, the downstream molecules which play essential roles in promoting the formation of autophagic vesicles, increased upon virus infection. These results imply that the signaling pathways involved in autophagosome formation were activated by echovirus infection. Moreover, induction of autophagy promotes echovirus replication and viral protein VP1 expression, while inhibition of autophagy impairs VP1 expression. Our findings suggest that autophagy can be induced by echovirus infection via regulating mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway and exhibits a proviral function, revealing the potential role of autophagy in echovirus infection.
通讯机构：
[Jun Fang; Weiwei Wang] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
A continuous heat-adaptation test was conducted for one Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) strain wild-type (WT) RS047 to obtain a high-temperature-resistant strain. After domestication, the strain was screened with a significantly higher ability of heat resistance. which is named RS047-wl. Then a multi-omics analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics was used to analyze the mechanism of the heat resistance of the mutant. A total of 98 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 115 differential metabolites covering multiple metabolic processes were detected in the mutant, which indicated that the tolerance of heat resistance was regulated by multiple mechanisms. The changes in AgrB, AgrC, and AgrA gene expressions were involved in quorum-sensing (QS) system pathways, which regulate biofilm formation. Second, highly soluble osmotic substances such as putrescine, spermidine, glycine betaine (GB), and trehalose-6P were accumulated for the membrane transport system. Third, organic acids metabolism and purine metabolism were down-regulated. The findings can provide target genes for subsequent genetic modification of E. faecium, and provide indications for screening heat-resistant bacteria, so as to improve the heat-resistant ability of E. faecium for production.
摘要：
Although recent research progress on the abundant C-to-U RNA editing events in plant chloroplasts and mitochondria has uncovered many recognition factors and their molecular mechanisms, the intrinsic regulation of RNA editing within plants remains largely unknown. This study aimed to establish a regulatory relationship in Arabidopsis between the plant hormone auxin and chloroplast RNA editing. We first analyzed auxin response elements (AuxREs) present within promoters of chloroplast editing factors reported to date. We found that each has more than one AuxRE, suggesting a potential regulatory role of auxin in their expression. Further investigation unveiled that the depletion of auxin synthesis gene YUC2 reduces the expression of several editing factors. However, in yuc2 mutants, only the expression of CRR4, DYW1, ISE2, and ECD1 editing factors and the editing efficiency of their corresponding editing sites, ndhD-2 and rps14-149, were simultaneously suppressed. In addition, exogenous IAA and the overexpression of YUC2 enhanced the expression of these editing factors and the editing efficiency at the ndhD-2 and rps14-149 sites. These results suggested a direct effect of auxin upon the editing of the ndhD-2 and rps14-149 sites through the modulation of the expression of the editing factors. We further demonstrated that ARF1, a downstream transcription factor in the auxin-signaling pathway, could directly bind to and inactivate the promoters of CRR4, DYW1, and ISE2 in a dual-luciferase reporter system, thereby inhibiting their expression. Moreover, the overexpression of ARF1 in Arabidopsis significantly reduced the expression of the three editing factors and the editing efficiency at the ndhD-2 and rps14-149 sites. These data suggest that YUC2-mediated auxin biosynthesis governs the RNA-editing process through the ARF1-dependent signal transduction pathway.
摘要：
The impacts of microbial agents on nitrogen conversion during composting is still not entirely clear. In this research, a novel microbial agent containing two thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria was identified and its impacts on nitrogen conversion, bacterial structure and functional genes during cattle manure composting were investigated. The results revealed that the inoculation enhancing the maturation of compost, increased the total nitrogen by 13.6-26.8%, reduced NH(3) emission and the N(2)O emission by 24.8-36.1% and 22.7-32.1%, respectively. Particularly, the microbial agents mixed Acinetobacter radioresistens and Bacillus nitratireducens (1:1, treatment group 1) had the best nitrogen preservation effect. Furthermore, the inoculation not only produced diverse diazotroph community but could strength the co-occurrence between core microorganisms to promote nitrogen metabolism. The metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the inoculation decreased the abundance of nitrate reduction gene (nirS, norC, nap and nif), and increased the abundance of hao, thus facilitating nitrification and suppressing NH(3) and N(2)O emission.
