摘要:
Drought stress is a major abiotic factor restricting crop production. frequently suffers from drought stress as it is mainly planted in the harsh environments. Little research on the identification of drought-tolerant loci or genes of barley has been performed up to date. Here, we determined the phenotypic variation of drought tolerance in a barley population from the International Barley Core Selected Collection (BCS). Under drought stress, shoot water content showed the distinct difference among barley genotypes and the maximum consistency for a given genotype under the two planting conditions. Twenty significant SNPs (P < 10-3) and 41 candidate genes were identified by genome-wide association study (GWAS)on the examined barley accessions. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis (RNA-Seq) identified 2030 and 1947 differentially expression genes (DEGs) in the leaves of a drought-sensitive genotype BCS8 and a tolerant genotype BS24, respectively, and they are mainly involved in water deficit processes in GO analysis and metabolic pathways in KEGG analysis. Finally, seven DEGs were confirmed by qRT-PCR as drought-responding genes, including WRKY, NPF and FLA.
The data sets supporting the results of this article are included within the article and its additional files. All the other data are available from the corresponding author upon request.
关键词:
rice;red light;blue light;antioxidant defense system;carbon and nitrogen metabolism
摘要:
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of light quality on growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and antioxidant defense system of rice seedlings. Six light conditions were employed, including white (W), red (R), blue (B), combined LED of R and B at 3:1 (R3B1), combined LED of R and B at 1:1 (R1B1), as well as combined LED of R and B at 1:3 (R1B3). Combined application of red light and blue light could promote the growth of rice seedling leaves and roots under low light stress to varying degrees, increase the photosynthetic area by increasing the leaf area, improve the root characteristics by increasing the root volume, and increase the dry matter accumulation of rice seedlings. In addition, the combination of red light and blue light could increase carbon and nitrogen metabolites in rice seedling leaves, regulate the expression of genes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism and enzyme activity, and enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity of rice seedlings. These results indicate that red light and blue light directly have synergistic effects which can regulate the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of rice seedlings, promote the morphogenesis of rice seedlings under low light stress, and promote growth, which has never been reported in previous studies. This study is a new discovery in the application of light quality in crop production and provides new avenues to enhance crop stress resistance. However, further study is needed to explore the physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of light quality in crop production.
通讯机构:
[Guan, CY; Guan, M ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Branch Natl Oilseed Crops Improvement Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Cr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
cadmium stress;rapeseed;selenium;yield traits;soil bacterial community
摘要:
Cadmium (Cd) stress greatly limits the growth of rapeseed, and selenium is a micronutrient that is essential for rapeseed growth, but whether and how selenium application alleviates Cd-induced inhibition remains poorly understood. The present study investigated the alleviating effects of exogenous selenium on rapeseed growth under cadmium (Cd) stress based on the aspects of agronomic traits and soil bacterial community structure and diversity. The results show that low-selenium treatment increased the rapeseed yield by 20.92% by increasing the number of pods per plant under Cd stress, but such effects were not prominent when the selenium application rate was high. Meanwhile, selenium application significantly reduced the cadmium content by 4.74–26.89% in different organs of rapeseed. Further analysis suggested that the benefits of selenium in alleviating Cd stress might be induced by changes in soil bacterial community structure and diversity. In addition, in the functional metabolism spectrum of rapeseed microorganisms treated with selenium, there were 5 primary metabolic pathways with significant differences, and there were 32 and 169 pathways for secondary and tertiary metabolic pathways, respectively. Therefore, selenium treatment in rapeseed soil can alter the composition and metabolic function spectrum of soil microbial communities, ultimately affecting plant growth and Cd tolerance.
通讯机构:
[Guan, M ] H;Hunan Branch Natl Oilseed Crops Improvement Ctr, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Cr, Changsha, Peoples R China.
摘要:
Cytoplasmic male sterile system (CMS) is one of the important methods for the utilization of heterosisin Brassica napus. The involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in anther and pollen development in B.napus has been recognized, but there is little data on the involvement of lncRNAs in pollen abortion in different types of rapeseed CMS. The present study compared the cytological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Nsa CMS (1258A) and Pol CMS (P5A) during pollen abortion, and high-throughput sequencing of flower buds of different sizes before and after pollen abortion. The results showed that insufficient energy supply was an important physiological basis for 1258A and P5A pollen abortion, and 1258A had excessive ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation in the stage of pollen abortion. Functional analysis showed that Starch and sucrose metabolism and Sulfur metabolism were significantly enriched before and after pollen abortion in 1258A and P5A, and a large number of genes were down-regulated. In 1258A, 227 lncRNAs had cis-targeting regulation, and 240 cis-target genes of the lncRNAs were identified. In P5A, 116 lncRNAs had cis-targeting regulation, and 101 cis-target genes of the lncRNAs were identified. There were five lncRNAs cis-target genes in 1258A and P5A during pollen abortion, and LOC106445716 encodes β-D-glucopyranosyl abscisate β-glucosidase and could regulate pollen abortion. Taken together, this study, provides a new perspective for lncRNAs to participate in the regulation of Nsa CMS and Pol CMS pollen abortion.
摘要:
In early rice cultivation, the age of seedlings plays a crucial role in ensuring the annual safety production of double-cropping rice. When sowing staging and transplanting are performed simultaneously, it is still necessary to gather more data about the effects of seedling age on the growth period and grain yield of early rice machines transplanted. Two years ago, field experiments were conducted on machine-transplanted rice seedlings in the early season to compare the growth duration, crop growth characteristics, and yield attributes between the 18-day-old seedlings (SA18) and 32-day-old seedlings (SA32) of two rice cultivars. As a result of the study, it was found that SA18 reduced the total crop duration by between 11 and 12 days but delayed the maturity date by 2-3 days compared to SA32. SA18 had 14.5% fewer panicles per m2 and 3.6% less harvest index but 7.5% more spikelets per panicle higher than SA32. The grain yield of SA18 was 3.4% less than that of SA32, but there was no significant difference between the two seedling ages. The machine-transplanted seedlings for early rice production are more efficient in reducing seedling management time without affecting harvesting time and yields. The authors provide a new cultivation management scheme for farmers who are interested in planting double-cropping rice at the same time.
通讯机构:
[Wenbang Tang; Yunhua Xiao] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
摘要:
Abstract: Heat stress caused by rapidly changing climate warming has become a serious threat to crop growth worldwide. Exogenous cytokinin (CK) kinetin (KT) has been shown to have positive effects in improving salt and drought tolerance in plants. However, the mechanism of KT in heat tolerance in rice is poorly understood. Here, we found that exogenously adequate application of KT improved the heat stress tolerance of rice seedlings, with the best effect observed when the application concentration was 10−9 M. In addition, exogenous application of 10−9 M KT promoted the expression of CK-responsive OsRR genes, reduced membrane damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in rice, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, exogenous 10−9 M KT treatment significantly enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes, heat activation, and defense-related genes. In conclusion, exogenous KT treatment regulates heat tolerance in rice seedlings by modulating the dynamic balance of ROS in plants under heat stress. Keywords: rice (Oryza sativa L.); seedling; cytokinin; heat stress; kinetin
作者机构:
[Xiao, Yinghui; Peng, Pei; Luo, Lihua; Jiang, Haoyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Ye, Changrong] Huazhi Biotech Co Ltd, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yinghui Xiao] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词:
hybrid rice;blast resistance;marker-assisted selection;thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line;gene pyramiding
摘要:
Abstract: Rice blast caused by pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most serious diseases in rice. The pyramiding of effective resistance genes into rice varieties is a potential approach to reduce the damage of blast disease. In this study, combinations of three resistance genes, Pigm, Pi48 and Pi49, were introduced into a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) line Chuang5S through marker-assisted selection. The results showed that the blast resistance of improved lines increased significantly compared with Chuang5S, and the three gene pyramiding lines (Pigm + Pi48 + Pi49) had higher rice blast resistance level than monogenic line and digenic lines (Pigm +Pi48, Pigm + Pi49). The genetic backgrounds of the improved lines were highly similar (>90%) to the recurrent parent Chuang5S by using the RICE10K SNP chip. In addition, agronomic traits evaluation also showed pyramiding lines with two or three genes similar to Chuang5S. The yields of the hybrids developed from improved PTGMS lines and Chuang5S are not significantly different. The newly developed PTGMS lines can be practically used for th breeding of parental lines and hybrid varieties with broad spectrum blast resistance. Keywords: hybrid rice; blast resistance; marker-assisted selection; thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line; gene pyramiding