转Cry1Ab基因水稻恢复系KR1128的鉴定及组合评价
作者:
陈思扬;孙志忠;丁佳;莫祎;刘玲;...
期刊:
杂交水稻 ,2023年38(03):28-37 ISSN:1005-3956
作者机构:
[陈思扬; 丁佳] 湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128;[孙志忠; 袁定阳; 陈思扬; 丁佳] 杂交水稻全国重点实验室/湖南杂交水稻研究中心,湖南长沙410125;[孙志忠; 袁定阳] 湖南大学生物学院隆平分院,湖南长沙410125;[刘玲; 段美娟; 莫祎] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;恢复系;杂交组合;螟虫;转基因;抗虫蛋白
摘要:
螟虫是危害水稻生产的重要虫害,长江中下游稻区尤以二化螟发病较多,对水稻稳产、增产造成较大影响。研究以转Cry1Ab基因抗虫恢复系mfb-MH86为供体,强优恢复系HR1128为受体,通过田间回交转育,结合分子标记检测、农艺性状筛选得到抗虫恢复系新材料KR1128-1、KR1128-2和KR1128-3。产量性状分析结果表明,改良恢复系与非转基因对照HR1128相比,株高显著降低,但单株有效穗数有所改善,均显著高于HR1128;改良恢复系的结实率均略高于亲本HR1128,以KR1128-3的结实率最高(82.0%)。在稻米品质上,改良新株系与HR1128多数指标无显著差异,少数性状稍有改善,如KR1128-3在整精米率、垩白面积和垩白度上均显著优于HR1128。酶联免疫吸附试验显示,改良恢复系均能够稳定表达Bt蛋白,以茎秆中抗虫蛋白含量最高、穗部籽粒中最少;室内螟虫抗性鉴定结果证明,所有改良系的抗虫性均大幅提升,达到高抗水平。测配结果表明,两系杂交稻抗虫组合整体表现好于三系杂交稻组合,其中恢复系KR1128-3与Y58S、丰源A和炳1A所配组合的产量均高于其他转基因组合和HR1128与各不育系所配组合,丰产性较好。研究为选育适应长江中下游稻区的高产抗虫转基因水稻新组合储备了种质资源。
语种:
中文
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氮肥运筹对湘南双季杂交稻生长发育与稻米品质的影响
作者:
袁帅;苏雨婷;陈平平;易镇邪
期刊:
作物杂志 ,2023年(02):91-99 ISSN:1001-7283
作者机构:
[易镇邪; 陈平平; 袁帅; 苏雨婷] 湖南农业大学农学院/作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,410128,湖南长沙
关键词:
双季杂交稻;湘南;氮肥运筹;产量形成;米质
摘要:
为明确湘南双季杂交稻适宜的氮肥运筹方式,以早稻品种陆两优996和株两优819、晚稻品种H优518和盛泰优018为材料,比较研究3种分蘖肥、穗肥、粒肥比例(7:2:1,N1;6:3:1,N2;5:4:1,N3)对双季杂交稻产量形成与稻米品质的影响。结果表明,氮肥运筹对双季稻产量及其构成因素有显著影响,早、晚稻实际产量均以N2处理最高,且显著高于N1处理,其增产的原因主要是有效穗数与穗粒数较高。与N1和N3处理相比,N2处理茎蘖数居中,但成穗率最高,且孕穗之后的叶面积指数、叶片叶绿素含量与干物质积累量最高。各品种糙米率、精米率和整精米率均以N2处理最高;N3处理直链淀粉含量显著低于N1处理,但与N2处理无显著差异;胶稠度随穗肥比例增加呈下降趋势;各品种垩白粒率和垩白度均以N2处理最低,处理间粒长、粒宽和长宽比均无显著差异。从稻米RVA谱特征参数来看,N1处理稻米食味品质最好,略优于N2处理,N3处理米质最差。综合考虑产量与稻米品质,N2处理(分蘖肥:穗肥:粒肥=6:3:1)是湘南双季杂交稻较理想的氮肥运筹方式。
语种:
中文
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施氮量对超级杂交稻Y两优900产量与氮肥利用率的影响
作者:
刘宇;曹家林;肖正午;张鸣宇;陈佳娜;...
期刊:
作物杂志 ,2023年(02):126-130 ISSN:1001-7283
作者机构:
[刘宇; 曹放波; 黄敏; 张鸣宇; 陈佳娜; 曹家林; 肖正午] 湖南农业大学农学院/作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,410128,湖南长沙
关键词:
施氮量;超级杂交稻;产量;氮肥利用率
摘要:
为探明施氮量对超级杂交稻Y两优900产量形成与氮肥利用的影响,于2020-2021年在湖南省浏阳市开展大田试验,研究不同施氮量(N0:0kg/hm2;N1:120kg/hm2;...展开更多 为探明施氮量对超级杂交稻Y两优900产量形成与氮肥利用的影响,于2020-2021年在湖南省浏阳市开展大田试验,研究不同施氮量(N0:0kg/hm2;N1:120kg/hm2;N2:180kg/hm2;N3:240kg/hm2)处理下Y两优900的产量以及氮肥利用率差异。结果表明,Y两优900在N2处理下2年产量分别为8.77和8.82t/hm2,高于N0和N1处理,与N3处理差异不显著。穗数和穗粒数在各施肥处理间无显著差异,结实率在N2处理下高于其他2个处理,千粒重有随着施氮量增加而增加的趋势。N2处理的总干物质积累量低于N3处理,但其收获指数高于N3处理。随施氮量的增加,各处理氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力逐渐降低。N2处理的氮肥籽粒生产效率和氮收获指数均高于N3处理。由此可见,在本试验条件(中产区)下,180kg/hm2施氮量有利于在保证超级杂交稻Y两优900高产的同时,实现较高的氮肥利用率。收起
语种:
中文
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玉米―大刍草渗入系群体的剑叶遗传基础解析
作者:
高沐甜;邱冠杰;朱通通;李瑞莲;邓敏;...
期刊:
作物杂志 ,2023年(3):51-57 ISSN:1001-7283
作者机构:
[邓敏; 黄成; 李瑞莲; 罗红兵] 湖南农业大学农学院,410128,湖南长沙;[邓敏; 黄成; 李瑞莲; 罗红兵] 作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室,410128,湖南长沙;[邓敏; 黄成; 李瑞莲; 罗红兵] 湖南省玉米工程技术研究中心,410128,湖南长沙;[邱冠杰; 朱通通; 高沐甜] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
玉米;大刍草;渗入系群体;剑叶;遗传基础
摘要:
玉米剑叶是玉米雌穗苞叶顶端的延伸,其不仅受气候和土壤等环境因素影响,同时也受遗传因素控制。利用一套由玉米自交系W22与玉米野生祖先种大刍草(Zea mays ssp.parviglumis)杂交衍生得到的包含866个家系...展开更多 玉米剑叶是玉米雌穗苞叶顶端的延伸,其不仅受气候和土壤等环境因素影响,同时也受遗传因素控制。利用一套由玉米自交系W22与玉米野生祖先种大刍草(Zea mays ssp.parviglumis)杂交衍生得到的包含866个家系的渗入系材料,结合19838个SNP分子标记,采用R/qtl的多QTL模型对玉米剑叶进行QTL定位分析。结果显示,共检测到9个控制玉米剑叶的QTL,分别位于第1、2、3、4、5、7和8号染色体。9个QTL共解释30.94%的表型变异,单个QTL的表型贡献率变幅为1.76%~11.51%,加性效应的变幅为-0.03~0.12,表明玉米剑叶是由多基因控制的数量性状。相关性分析表明,玉米剑叶与株高、穗位高、茎长和叶绿素含量呈显著正相关,与百粒重、粒宽和粒厚呈显著负相关。进一步利用转录组数据对最大效应QTL(qFL3-1)进行候选基因表达分析,筛选出5个可能的候选基因。收起
语种:
中文
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Simultaneous Application of Red and Blue Light Regulate Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism, Induces Antioxidant Defense System and Promote Growth in Rice Seedlings under Low Light Stress
作者:
Ren, Maofei;Liu, Shanzhen;Mao, Guiling;Tang, Chengzhu;Gai, Panpan;...
期刊:
International Journal of Molecular Sciences ,2023年24(13) ISSN:1661-6596
通讯作者:
Wang, Weiqin;Tang, QY
作者机构:
[Ren, Maofei; Zheng, Huabin; Tang, Qiyuan; Wang, Weiqin; Tang, Chengzhu; Liu, Shanzhen; Tang, QY; Gai, Panpan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Mao, Guiling] Shanxi Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Taigu 030801, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Xiaoli] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Zhengzhou 450046, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Wang, WQ; Tang, QY ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
rice;red light;blue light;antioxidant defense system;carbon and nitrogen metabolism
摘要:
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of light quality on growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and antioxidant defense system of rice seedlings. Six light conditions were employed, including white (W), red (R), blue (B), combined LED of R and B at 3:1 (R3B1), combined LED of R and B at 1:1 (R1B1), as well as combined LED of R and B at 1:3 (R1B3). Combined application of red light and blue light could promote the growth of rice seedling leaves and roots under low light stress to varying degrees, increase the photosynthetic area by increasing the leaf area, improve the root characteristics by increasing the root volume, and increase the dry matter accumulation of rice seedlings. In addition, the combination of red light and blue light could increase carbon and nitrogen metabolites in rice seedling leaves, regulate the expression of genes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism and enzyme activity, and enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity of rice seedlings. These results indicate that red light and blue light directly have synergistic effects which can regulate the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of rice seedlings, promote the morphogenesis of rice seedlings under low light stress, and promote growth, which has never been reported in previous studies. This study is a new discovery in the application of light quality in crop production and provides new avenues to enhance crop stress resistance. However, further study is needed to explore the physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of light quality in crop production.
语种:
英文
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Transcriptome profiling of genes regulated by phosphate-solubilizing bacteria Bacillus megaterium P68 in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
作者:
Lin, Lizhen;Li, Chengchen;Ren, Zongling;Qin, Yuzhi;Wang, Ruilong;...
期刊:
Frontiers in Microbiology ,2023年14:1140752 ISSN:1664-302X
通讯作者:
Cai, Y.;Li, X.;Xiong, X.
作者机构:
[Zhao, Lanfeng; Lin, Lizhen; Ren, Zongling; Cai, Jianying; Cai, Yanfei] South China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Li, Chengchen; Li, Xiaobo] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Crops Res Inst, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Xiong, Xingyao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Yuzhi] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Varie, Key Lab Vegetable Biol Hunan Prov,Hunan Prov Engn, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Ruilong] South China Agr Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Key Lab Agroenvironm Trop, Minist Agr, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Cai, Y.] C;[Li, X.] G;[Xiong, X.] A;College of Natural Resources and Environment, China;Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, China
关键词:
Bacillus megaterium;Transcriptome;Potato;commercial tubers yield;Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria
摘要:
The insoluble phosphorus in the soil is extremely difficult to be absorbed and used directly through the potato root system. Although many studies have reported that phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can promote plant growth and uptake of phosphorus, the molecular mechanism of phosphorus uptake and growth by PSB has not been investigated yet. In the present study, PSB were isolated from rhizosphere soil in soybean. The data of potato yield and quality revealed that the strain P68 was the most effective In the present study, PSB identification, potato field experiment, pot experiment and transcriptome profiling to explored the role of PSB on potato growth and related molecular mechanisms. The results showed that the P68 strain (P68) was identified as Bacillus megaterium by sequencing, with a P-solubilizing ability of 461.86 mg·L−1 after 7-day incubation in National Botanical Research Institute’s Phosphate (NBRIP) medium. Compared with the control group (CK), P68 significantly increased the yield of potato commercial tubers by 17.02% and P accumulation by 27.31% in the field. Similarly, pot trials showed that the application of P68 significantly increased the biomass, total phosphorus content of the potato plants, and available phosphorus of the soil up by 32.33, 37.50, and 29.15%, respectively. Furthermore, the transcriptome profiling results of the pot potato roots revealed that the total number of bases was about 6G, and Q30 (%) was 92.35–94.8%. Compared with the CK, there were a total of 784 differential genes (DEGs) regulated when treated with P68, which 439 genes were upregulated and 345 genes were downregulated. Interestingly, most of the DEGs were mainly related to cellular carbohydrate metabolic process, photosynthesis, and cellular carbohydrate biosynthesis process. According to the KEGG pathway analysis, a total of 46 categorical metabolic pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database were annotated to 101 DEGs found in potato roots. Compared with the CK, most of the DEGs were mainly enriched in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism (sot00630), nitrogen metabolism (sot00910), tryptophan metabolism (sot00380), and plant hormone signal transduction (sot04075), and these DEGs might be involved in the interactions between Bacillus megaterium P68 and potato growth. The qRT-PCR analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that inoculated treatments P68 significantly upregulated expression of the phosphate transport, nitrate transport, glutamine synthesis, and abscisic acid regulatory pathways, respectively, and the data from qRT-PCR were consistent with that obtained from RNA-seq. In summary, PSB may be involved in the regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition, glutaminase synthesis, and abscisic acid-related metabolic pathways. This research would provide a new perspective for studying the molecular mechanism of potato growth promotion by PSB in the level of gene expression and related metabolic pathways in potato roots under the application of Bacillus megaterium P68. Copyright © 2023 Lin, Li, Ren, Qin, Wang, Wang, Cai, Zhao, Li, Cai and Xiong.
语种:
英文
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Response of rice growth to soil microorganisms and soil properties in different soil types
作者:
Li, Peng;Yan, Yue;Li, Chao;Tang, Wenguang;Xiong, Ziqin;...
期刊:
Agronomy Journal ,2023年115(1):197-207 ISSN:0002-1962
通讯作者:
Rang, Z.;Li, J.
作者机构:
[Rang, Zhongwen; Xiong, Ziqin; Yan, Yue; Li, Peng; Tian, Yunhe; Zheng, Zhongyi; Li, Juan; Yi, Zhenxie] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Wenguang; Li, Chao] Hunan Soil & Fertilizer Inst, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Kun] Hunan Rice Res Inst, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Li, Juan] Hunan Bichen Environm Energy Co LTD, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Zhongwen Rang; Juan Li] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Bichen Environmental Energy Co. LTD, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
摘要:
In order to understand the relationship between rice (Oryza sativa L.)yield and the microbial communities and soil properties of different soil types, and to clarify the advantages of rice production characteristics of different soil types, we investigated the soil bacterial communities and soil properties of five representative rice soils (granitic sandy soil, purple clayey soil, red yellow clayey soil, yellow clayey soil, and alluvial sandy soil) and determined their effects on rice yield. The granitic sandy soil showed the greatest potential for increasing rice yield, with a yield of 39.2g per plant, which was 24.56% higher than the lowest yielding soil type, these differences were related to differences in the soil microbial community and soil properties. There were significant differences in the microbial communities and chemical properties among the soil types, of which the granitic sandy soil type had the highest total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available kalium, and soil organic carbon contents, which were 2.60g kg−1, 196.07mg kg−1, 230.65mg kg−1, and 24.67g kg−1, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant correlation among specific bacterial taxa, soil properties, and rice yield, with Bacteroidetes showing a significant positive correlation with rice yield. The results also showed that pH, alkaline soluble nitrogen, and fast-acting potassium were the key soil properties affecting soil communities and rice yield. Both soil properties and soil microbial community influenced rice yield. © 2022 The Authors. Agronomy Journal © 2022 American Society of Agronomy.
语种:
英文
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Delayed Sowing under the Same Transplanting Date Shortened the Growth Period of Machine-Transplanted Early-Season Rice with No Significant Yield Reduction Caused
作者:
Fang, Xilin;Liu, Peng;Wahab, Abdul;Wang, Yue;Chen, Guanghui
期刊:
Agronomy ,2023年13(11):2748- ISSN:2073-4395
通讯作者:
Chen, GH
作者机构:
[Wang, Yue; Chen, Guanghui; Liu, Peng; Fang, Xilin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Dept Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Guanghui; Fang, Xilin] Southern Grain & Oil Crops Collaborat Innovat Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wahab, Abdul] Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Ctr Excellence Mol Plant Sci, Shanghai Ctr Plant Stress Biol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.;[Wahab, Abdul] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Chen, GH ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Dept Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Southern Grain & Oil Crops Collaborat Innovat Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
seedling age;machine transplanting;grain yield;growth period;early rice
摘要:
In early rice cultivation, the age of seedlings plays a crucial role in ensuring the annual safety production of double-cropping rice. When sowing staging and transplanting are performed simultaneously, it is still necessary to gather more data about the effects of seedling age on the growth period and grain yield of early rice machines transplanted. Two years ago, field experiments were conducted on machine-transplanted rice seedlings in the early season to compare the growth duration, crop growth characteristics, and yield attributes between the 18-day-old seedlings (SA18) and 32-day-old seedlings (SA32) of two rice cultivars. As a result of the study, it was found that SA18 reduced the total crop duration by between 11 and 12 days but delayed the maturity date by 2-3 days compared to SA32. SA18 had 14.5% fewer panicles per m2 and 3.6% less harvest index but 7.5% more spikelets per panicle higher than SA32. The grain yield of SA18 was 3.4% less than that of SA32, but there was no significant difference between the two seedling ages. The machine-transplanted seedlings for early rice production are more efficient in reducing seedling management time without affecting harvesting time and yields. The authors provide a new cultivation management scheme for farmers who are interested in planting double-cropping rice at the same time.
语种:
英文
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水稻杂种偏分离位点SegD8的精细定位
作者:
袁洋;敖和军;周仲华;应杰政;张健;...
期刊:
中国水稻科学 ,2023年37(1):37-44 ISSN:1001-7216
通讯作者:
Shen, N.
作者机构:
[袁洋] 湖南农业大学 农学院, 长沙 410128;[袁洋] 中国水稻研究所 水稻生物学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310006;[倪深; 张健; 应杰政] 中国农业科学院中国水稻研究所;[周仲华; 敖和军] 湖南农业大学
通讯机构:
[Shen, N.] S;State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China
关键词:
杂交-渐渗;水稻;偏分离
摘要:
【目的】通过研究水稻渐渗系群体构建时产生的偏分离现象,可以发现更多与偏分离相关的基因,有助于解析偏分离在水稻中的主要作用及其产生机制。【方法】应用籼粳组合华占/Koliya构建的一套渐渗系群体,以其后代基因型的分离比作为表型对偏分离位点进行定位。【结果】在第8染色体上发现一个染色体区段在其后代中的基因型分离比偏离孟德尔分离定律。进一步分析表明该偏分离现象受第8染色体上两个位点控制,分别命名为SegD8A和SegD8B,其中SegD8A为偏分离位点,但其偏分离属性受SegD8B调控。当SegD8A和SegD8B位点都为杂合型时,子代中SegD8AHH和SegD8AKK的比例接近1∶4;当SegD8B为纯合华占基因型时,子代中SegD8AHH和SegD8AKK的比例接近1∶1;当SegD8B为纯合Koliya基因型时,子代中SegD8AHH几乎不出现。我们将SegD8A基因定位在一个大小为46.5 kb的区间内,SegD8B基因定位在一个大小为1160.2 kb的区间内。【结论】本研究为进一步克隆这两个基因,并阐明该偏分离现象奠定了基础。
语种:
中文
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药用植物菘蓝的遗传及远缘杂交研究进展
作者:
邵玉娇;康雷;李再云
期刊:
植物遗传资源学报 ,2023年24(06):1527-1533 ISSN:1672-1810
作者机构:
[邵玉娇] 湖北第二师范学院生命与化学学院,武汉 430205;湖南农业大学农学院,长沙 410128;华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉 430070;[李再云] 华中农业大学;[康雷] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
菘蓝;芸薹属;药用植物;附加系;病毒抗性
摘要:
十字花科菘蓝为我国大宗常用中药材植物,其叶和根分别是大青叶和板蓝根的原料。本文总结了菘蓝的基因组结构、生物活性成分及其生物合成途径、远缘杂交及新材料创建等方面的研究进展。菘蓝(2n=2x=14)的基因组大小为300 Mb,为tPCK核型,3万余蛋白编码基因。高质量的基因组测序解析了菘蓝的主要生物活性成分吲哚生物碱、苯丙烷类、萜类的合成途径及其候选基因。由于染色体消除,菘蓝(父本)与白菜及甘蓝型油菜的族间有性杂交只产生了具有少数菘蓝遗传成分的非预期杂种。菘蓝与萝卜的体细胞杂种具有双亲染色体,但自交及回交均未产生后代。菘蓝与白菜的体细胞杂种具有加倍的菘蓝染色体组,花粉部分可育而雌性不育。菘蓝与甘蓝型油菜的体细胞杂种与甘蓝型油菜连续回交后创建了全套的7个甘蓝型油菜-菘蓝附加系,一些附加系具有比菘蓝更强的广谱抗病毒效果;体细胞杂交中发生的双亲线粒体基因组重组导致甘蓝型油菜新细胞质雄性不育系的产生,菘蓝特定染色体上的育性基因导入培育了恢复系。最后讨论了这些附加系对菘蓝遗传研究的价值及开发利用前景。
语种:
中文
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Influence of Structure and Texture Feature on Retrieval of Ramie Leaf Area Index
作者:
Fu, Hongyu;Lu, Jianning;Chen, Jianfu;Wang, Wei;Cui, Guoxian;...
期刊:
Agronomy ,2023年13(7):1690- ISSN:2073-4395
通讯作者:
She, W
作者机构:
[Lu, Jianning; Chen, Jianfu; Wang, Wei; Cui, Guoxian; She, Wei; Fu, Hongyu; She, W] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[She, W ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
leaf area index;ramie;structural feature;texture feature;unmanned aerial vehicle
摘要:
Leaf area index (LAI), as one of the important crop field phenotypes, plays a crucial role in evaluating crop growth and yield. The remote sensing method for crop parameters monitoring makes it possible to obtain crop LAI in a large area, efficiently and non-destructively. Fusion of spectral features, structure features, and texture features obtained by remote sensing images can effectively improve LAI estimation performance, but the impact of crop structure and texture feature differences on LAI remote sensing monitoring remains unclear. In this study, ramie was classified according to the differences of canopy structure, and then the LAI inversion performance of ramie was evaluated under different datasets to determine the contribution of structure features (canopy coverage, plant height) and texture features derived from remote sensing images to LAI estimation. Finally, multi-feature remote sensing indexes were integrated to construct the optimal ramie LAI estimation model. The results showed that structure features and texture features had an effect on ramie LAI inversion performance, and there were significant differences in LAI estimation accuracy among different data sets. A single structure feature or texture feature could not significantly optimize LAI inversion performance, while multi-feature fusion could effectively improve LAI estimation accuracy (R2 = 0.776, RMSE = 0.740). This study provides a robust, practical, and low-cost method for ramie LAI estimation, and provides a reference for crop LAI inversion research based on structural features and texture features. © 2023 by the authors.
语种:
英文
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甘蓝型油菜BnDGP1基因的克隆与表达分析
作者:
彭泽川;赵东方;洪波;李诗珺;周冰倩;...
期刊:
植物生理与分子生物学学报 ,2023年59(05):878-888 ISSN:1671-3877
作者机构:
[彭泽川; 赵东方; 洪波; 李诗珺; 周冰倩; 李茜; 官春云; 官梅] 湖南农业大学农学院
关键词:
甘蓝型油菜;生物信息学分析;载体构建;光合作用
摘要:
DGP1(DEEP GREEN PANICLE1)是植物的一种特异性蛋白,具有保守的TIGR01589结构域,在绿色组织中表达。为探究DGP1基因在甘蓝型油菜中的功能,本研究以甘蓝型油菜‘高油酸1号’为材料,克隆得到2个同源拷贝,长度为288 bp,编码95个氨基酸,分别命名BnDGP1-1和BnDGP1-2。生物信息学分析结果表明, BnDGP1-1、BnDGP1-2与拟南芥AT3G55240及水稻OsDGP1分子式相近,均为不稳定亲水性非跨膜蛋白,未找到信号肽结构,均属于非分泌蛋白; BnDGP1-1、BnDGP1-2的二级结构和三级结构相吻合。亚细胞定位结果表明, BnDGP1-1、BnDGP1-2均在细胞核中表达。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明, BnDGP1的5个同源拷贝除BnaA05G0066400ZS在花中相对表达最高,其他拷贝表达趋势没有明显差异,均为叶片>茎>角果皮>花的表达模式,而在根和花蕾中几乎不表达。本文构建了植物表达载体pCAMBIA1304-BnDGP1-1、pCAMBIA1304-BnDGP1-2以及CRISPR-cas9敲除载体。
语种:
中文
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播种量与壮秧剂对湘南机插晚稻秧苗素质及产量的影响
作者:
荣伍;石泉;袁帅;周文新;易镇邪
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(6):543-550 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
[荣伍] 佛山市铁人环保科技有限公司;湖南农业大学农学院;[易镇邪; 周文新; 袁帅; 石泉] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;播种量;壮秧剂;秧苗素质;产量;湘南
摘要:
提高秧苗素质是提高水稻产量与抗逆性的有效途径。为明确播种量和壮秧剂喷施时期对湘南机插晚稻秧苗素质和产量的影响,以H优518为材料,设置3个壮秧剂喷施时期(A1.1叶1心期;A2.2叶1心期;A3.1叶1心期+2叶1心期)...展开更多 提高秧苗素质是提高水稻产量与抗逆性的有效途径。为明确播种量和壮秧剂喷施时期对湘南机插晚稻秧苗素质和产量的影响,以H优518为材料,设置3个壮秧剂喷施时期(A1.1叶1心期;A2.2叶1心期;A3.1叶1心期+2叶1心期)与4个播种量(干种子)(B1.75 g/盘;B2.90 g/盘;B3.105 g/盘;B4.120 g/盘),于2018—2019年在湖南衡阳县开展大田试验。结果表明:(1)随播种量增加,秧苗成苗数和苗高增加,但成苗率降低,每穴总根数、平均根长、茎基宽和百株干质量减少;壮秧剂喷施时期中以A1和A2处理秧苗素质较高。(2)随播种量增加,秧苗分蘖速度逐渐降低,最高茎蘖数和有效穗数逐渐提高,壮秧剂喷施时期对水稻分蘖无显著影响;播种量和壮秧剂喷施时期对晚稻干物质积累和LAI影响显著,以A1B2和A2B2处理较高。(3)晚稻产量以B2处理最高,较B1、B3和B4分别提高7.1%、14.4%、9.9%;壮秧剂喷施时期中以A1处理产量较高;两者互作中以A1B2和A2B2处理产量较高。(4)相关性分析表明,产量与成苗率、每株总根数、干物质积累量、每穗粒数和结实率呈显著正相关。综上所述,湘南机插晚稻在播种量为90 g/盘、1叶1心期或2叶1心期喷施多效唑条件下,可改善秧苗素质,促进物质积累,提高每穗粒数和结实率,进而获得最佳增产效果。收起
语种:
中文
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断根对湘西烤烟烟碱与钾含量及经济性状的影响
作者:
田明慧;滕凯;朱子健;陈娜娜;戴林建;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(6):615-619 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
[田峰; 滕凯; 田明慧] 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司;湖南农业大学农学院;[易镇邪; 戴林建; 陈娜娜; 朱子健; 穰中文] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
烤烟;断根;烟碱;钾;经济性状;湘西
摘要:
为探讨断根措施对湘西烤烟烟碱与钾含量及其经济性状的影响,以湘烟7号为试验材料,在3个断根时间(打顶当天,T1;打顶后15 d, T2;打顶后30 d, T3)与2个断根程度(轻度断根,D1;重度断根,D2)处理下,于20...展开更多 为探讨断根措施对湘西烤烟烟碱与钾含量及其经济性状的影响,以湘烟7号为试验材料,在3个断根时间(打顶当天,T1;打顶后15 d, T2;打顶后30 d, T3)与2个断根程度(轻度断根,D1;重度断根,D2)处理下,于2021年在龙山县开展小区试验。结果表明:断根处理对烟株农艺性状有一定影响,但除T1D2处理外,各断根处理农艺性状变化不显著;断根处理降低了烟叶烟碱与钾含量,且表现断根越早下降幅度越大、断根程度越重降幅越大的趋势,T2D1处理烟叶烟碱含量较适宜(上部叶和中部叶分别为3.58%和2.52%);断根处理影响烟叶物理性状,但除T1D1处理外,各断根处理与CK差异不显著;轻度断根对提高产量和产值有利,但重度断根有显著负效应,整体上以T2D1处理经济性表现最好,其产量、产值分别较CK提高11.29%和11.27%。可见,合理把握断根时间和程度可提高烤烟产量和产值、降低烟叶烟碱含量。本试验条件下,湘烟7号以打顶后15 d轻度断根最佳。收起
语种:
中文
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风速变化对热泵密集烤房烟叶烘烤质量的影响
作者:
韦建玉;戴林建;孙成林;贾海江;黄崇峻;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(6):620-626 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
[张纪利; 黄崇峻; 贾海江; 韦建玉] 广西中烟工业有限责任公司;湖南农业大学农学院;[卓丛莹; 戴林建; 管金江; 穰中文; 孙成林] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
烟叶;烘烤;热泵密集烤房;风速;化学成分
摘要:
为了探索可变频热泵密集烤房在烟叶烘烤各阶段的适宜风速参数,以云烟116为材料,研究了不同烘烤阶段不同风速条件下烟叶主要化学成分的变化。结果表明:调整变频风机参数后,烟叶内部化学成分含量更加合理,化学成分评分达到90.7,...展开更多 为了探索可变频热泵密集烤房在烟叶烘烤各阶段的适宜风速参数,以云烟116为材料,研究了不同烘烤阶段不同风速条件下烟叶主要化学成分的变化。结果表明:调整变频风机参数后,烟叶内部化学成分含量更加合理,化学成分评分达到90.7,淀粉含量降低至1.3%,感官质量提高。具体参数:38℃(干球温度)前,风机转速保持750~800 r/min;38~42℃阶段,风机转速保持800~850 r/min;42~48℃阶段,风机转速保持1300~1350 r/min;48℃后风机转速保持800 r/min。综上所述,改良风速参数能够提高烟叶品质,降低烟叶淀粉含量。收起
语种:
中文
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苗期施用促根剂对云烟87生长发育及烟叶产质量的影响
作者:
范才银;陈智杰;曾惠宇;宋浩;罗文涛;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(6):594-599 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[陈智杰; 范才银; 曾惠宇] 湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司;[宋浩] 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司;[罗文涛; 卓丛莹; 穰中文] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
烤烟;促根剂;烟苗素质;产质量;云烟87
摘要:
为明确烤烟育苗阶段施用含吲哚乙酸的促根剂对烟苗素质和大田期烟株生长发育以及烟叶产量与质量的影响,于2022年在衡阳常宁烟区,以烤烟品种云烟87为试验材料,将在苗床期进行促根剂处理的烤烟与不施促根剂的对照进行比较分析。结果...展开更多 为明确烤烟育苗阶段施用含吲哚乙酸的促根剂对烟苗素质和大田期烟株生长发育以及烟叶产量与质量的影响,于2022年在衡阳常宁烟区,以烤烟品种云烟87为试验材料,将在苗床期进行促根剂处理的烤烟与不施促根剂的对照进行比较分析。结果表明:苗期施用促根剂(RP)可显著提高烟苗素质和整齐度,烟苗的根体积、根干质量、最长根长以及根尖数分别较对照(CK)提高14.29%、33.33%、16.26%和15.19%;与对照相比,RP处理烟苗移栽后还苗期提早2~3 d,旺长期历时增加5 d,成熟期(打顶后10 d)烟株农艺性状得到改善,有效叶数、株高、茎围和叶面积指数分别增加8.60%、3.69%、8.42%和10.12%;烤后中、下部叶单叶质量分别提高6.56%和24.58%,中、上部叶总糖和还原糖含量分别提高6.44%和6.49%,下、中、上部叶钾含量分别提高28.37%、66.06%和5.77%,下、中部叶的石油醚提取物含量分别增加57.22%和19.28%,烤后烟叶产量、产值和均价分别提高7.13%、12.91%和4.34%。苗期施用促根剂对烤烟培育壮苗以及大田期的生长发育和烤后烟叶经济性状与质量性状的提高具有显著正效应。收起
语种:
中文
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氮肥减量配施微生物菌剂对烤烟生长发育的影响
作者:
刘昭伟;邹佳怡;黄子彧;张阳;薛建业;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(05):503-510,534 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南省烟草公司株洲市公司,湖南 株洲 412400;湖南农业大学农学院,湖南 长沙 410128;[夏冰; 全柯颖; 王新月; 黄琼慧; 邓小华] 湖南农业大学;[刘昭伟; 张洪波; 张阳; 黄子彧; 薛建业; 邹佳怡] 湖南烟草公司
关键词:
烤烟;肥料运筹;微生物菌剂;生长;根系
摘要:
为探讨不同肥料运筹方式配施微生物菌剂对烤烟早生快发的影响,以云烟87 为原料,开展双因素试验,肥料运筹方式设置减氮施肥模式和传统施肥模式 2 种处理,微生物菌剂设置施用根茎康和不施用根茎康 2 种处理,研究肥料运筹方式、微生物菌剂及其互作对烤烟根系生长发育、农艺性状、烟叶SPAD值、烤烟生物量及根冠比的影响.结果表明:采用减氮施肥模式配施微生物菌剂,有利于烤烟根系和地上部生长,可提高烟叶SPAD值,有效促进烟株根系机能活性和地上、地下部的生物量积累.肥料运筹方式、微生物菌剂及其互作对烤烟根系生长发育的贡献率分别为 38.49%、32.01%、29.50%,对烤烟农艺性状的贡献率分别为 41.02%、37.58%、21.40%,对烤烟地上部和根系生物量及根冠比的贡献率分别为 41.94%、35.53%、22.54%,且均为肥料运筹方式的贡献率最大,其次为微生物菌剂.减氮施肥模式配施微生物菌剂,可促进烤烟根系生长发育,提升其大田农艺性状,从而促进烤烟生物量积累.
语种:
中文
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不同秸秆还田量对棉花生长发育和根际土壤的影响
作者:
李佳芮;叶淑娟;覃业玲;周成轩;朱方歌;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(6):577-581 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[贺云新] 湖南省棉花科学研究所;[吴碧波] 湖南生物机电职业技术学院;[李佳芮; 周成轩; 周仲华; 覃业玲; 朱方歌; 叶淑娟] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
棉花;秸秆还田;根际土壤;微生物群落
摘要:
为探究不同棉花秸秆还田量对棉花生长发育和根际土壤的影响,明确其可能的增产机制,本研究以早熟棉JX0010为试验材料,设置不施加秸秆(CK)、施加三分之一粉碎秸秆(T1)、施加三分之二粉碎秸秆(T2)、施加全量粉碎秸秆(T...展开更多 为探究不同棉花秸秆还田量对棉花生长发育和根际土壤的影响,明确其可能的增产机制,本研究以早熟棉JX0010为试验材料,设置不施加秸秆(CK)、施加三分之一粉碎秸秆(T1)、施加三分之二粉碎秸秆(T2)、施加全量粉碎秸秆(T3)4个处理,于棉花苗期取棉株主茎倒4叶比较分析不同秸秆还田量处理下棉花苗期生理生化指标、根际土壤理化性质和土壤微生物群落指标。结果表明:与对照相比,T1、T2和T3处理棉苗的叶绿素含量、根系活力、过氧化物酶活性和硝酸还原酶活性均显著提高,土壤pH值、碱解氮含量和全氮含量增加但不显著;土壤有机质含量随秸秆还田量的增加呈先降低后增加再降低的趋势;秸秆还田量的增加使土壤中变形菌纲的丰度上升,放线菌纲的丰度降低。综合分析,T2、T3处理均可以显著提高棉花的生理生化指标,且T2处理能显著增加土壤有机质含量和改善土壤微生物群落结构,可达到优化土壤结构、提升土壤肥力的目的。收起
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中文
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磷肥减量施用对土壤磷含量、微生物群落及烟株磷吸收的影响
作者:
李春顺;李伟鹏;付金存;汪金玲;李振武;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2023年37(01):28-34 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
[汪金玲; 李春顺; 李伟鹏; 李振武; 付金存] 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司;[范伟] 湖南农业大学食品科学技术学院;[柳立] 湖南农业大学农学院
关键词:
烤烟;施肥;土壤;微生物群落;磷素
摘要:
为探索适合湖南永州烟稻轮作体系下烟叶生产的磷肥施用量,为烟草优质生产提供理论依据,在湖南永州设置CK(P2O5164.3 kg/hm~2)、T1(磷素施用总量降低10%)、T2(磷素施用总量降低20%)3个处理,比较分析磷肥减量施用对土壤磷含量、微生物群落及烟株中磷含量的影响。结果显示,磷肥减量处理土壤中全磷和有效磷含量下降幅度分别为21.82%~40.95%和42.37%~58.18%;减磷10%和减磷20%处理的烟草茎和叶中磷含量显著下降,下降幅度分别为14.09%~26.19%和13.38%~26.32%;根际土壤中总磷和有效磷含量的下降幅度大于烟叶和烟茎,烟株含磷量仍处于适宜生长的范围内。微生物群落分析表明,减少施用10%和20%磷素处理显著增加了土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性,T1和T2处理都显著减少了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与解磷微生物的丰富度。T1和T2处理根际土壤细菌群落中与磷代谢相关的功能基因丰度降低。磷肥减量20%施用,根际土壤中全磷和有效磷含量显著下降,但烟草的茎和叶中磷含量仍处于适宜范围,不会影响烟草的正常生长发育,并对根际土壤微生物群落多样性及磷素合成相关的功能基因的表达有积极影响。
语种:
中文
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葛高产标准化栽培技术研究
作者:
熊劲雅;温圣贤;熊力夫;何鹏亮;揭雨成
期刊:
现代农业科技 ,2023年(21):84-86 ISSN:1007-5739
作者机构:
[揭雨成; 熊劲雅] 湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙 410128;[熊劲雅; 熊力夫; 温圣贤] 湖南省葛根产业协会,湖南长沙 410005;[熊力夫] 长沙市葛根工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410005;[揭雨成] 湖南农业大学苎麻研究所,湖南长沙 410128;[何鹏亮] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
葛;高产;标准化栽培技术
摘要:
为实现葛高产(产量达30 t/hm~2)栽培,提高葛生产的经济效益,从土壤养分含量、施肥种类与施肥量、栽培方法、栽培密度等方面进行了葛高产标准化栽培技术研究。结果表明:实现当年鲜葛产量达到30 t/hm~2,应选择肥力高的熟化土壤,要求土壤速效养分N含量达0.071 mg/g以上,P2O5含量达0.095 mg/g以上,K2O含量达0.107 mg/g以上,土壤有机质含量达18.9 mg/g以上。栽培时应选择葛种苗根直径2 cm左右的大苗,施复合肥1 125 kg/hm~2、人畜粪22 500 kg/hm~2、土杂肥112 500 kg/hm~2,采用搭架栽培方法,栽培密度为15 000株/hm2。
语种:
中文
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