摘要：
Theobromine is an important quality component in tea plants (Camellia sinensis), which is produced from 7-methylxanthine by theobromine synthase (CsTbS), the key rate-limiting enzyme in theobromine biosynthetic pathway. Our transcriptomics and widely targeted metabolomics analyses suggested that CsMYB114 acted as a potential hub gene involved in the regulation of theobromine biosynthesis. The inhibition of CsMYB114 expression using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) led to a 70.21% reduction of theobromine level in leaves of the tea plant, which verified the involvement of CsMYB114 in theobromine biosynthesis. Furthermore, we found that CsMYB114 was located in the nucleus of the cells and showed the characteristic of a transcription factor. The dual luciferase analysis, a yeast one-hybrid assay, and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that CsMYB114 activated the transcription of CsTbS, through binding to CsTbS promoter. In addition, a microRNA, miR828a, was identified that directly cleaved the mRNA of CsMYB114. Therefore, we conclude that CsMYB114, as a transcription factor of CsTbS, promotes the production of theobromine, which is inhibited by miR828a through cleaving the mRNA of CsMYB114.
摘要：
Understanding the influencing effect of meteorological factors and air pollutants in the campus plot and the relationship between them is an important topic in the planning and design of campus green space. The changes of pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors in campus green space have certain patterns and specific influencing factors. In this study, we selected four sample plots in Nanjing Forestry University as the research objects, and collected various environmental parameters of the four plots on July 25, 2022. The results showed that the main influences of meteorological factors are the type of the underlying surface of the site, the degree of plant canopy density and the shade coverage area of the building. These factors mainly have a great influence on the value of temperature and humidity. The comprehensive influencing factors can be concluded that the cooling and humidifying effect of the site is ranked as follows: forest > lawn > asphalt road > concrete Square. The main influencing factors of pollutants are: illumination, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity. Among them, illumination and temperature have a negative correlation with PM(2.5), wind speed and relative humidity have a positive correlation with PM(2.5). Our research shows that the adjustment of campus green space factors can reduce the concentration of pollutants by changing the meteorological factors.
作者：
Yao Zhang;Xueshuang Huang;Ying Lu;Lina Zhu;Yuxin Qi;...
期刊：
Plants-Basel,2024年13(4):532- ISSN：2223-7747
通讯作者：
Xueshuang Huang<&wdkj&>Qi Tang
作者机构：
[Iain W. Wilson] CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;[Deyou Qiu] State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;[Yuxin Qi] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 410208, China;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.;[Yao Zhang; Ying Lu; Lina Zhu; Yu Zhou; Xinghui Liu] College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Xueshuang Huang; Qi Tang] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 410208, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Horticulture, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
CULLIN (CUL) protein is a subtype of E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in a variety of biological processes and responses to stress in plants. In Uncaria rhynchophylla, the CUL gene family has not been identified and its role in plant development, stress response and secondary metabolite synthesis has not been studied. In this study, 12 UrCUL gene members all contained the typical N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain identified from the U. rhynchophylla genome and were classified into four subfamilies based on the phylogenetic relationship with CULs in Arabidopsis thaliana. They were unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes but had a similar structural composition in the same subfamily, indicating that they were relatively conserved and potentially had similar gene functions. An interspecific and intraspecific collinearity analysis showed that fragment duplication played an important role in the evolution of the CUL gene family. The analysis of the cis-acting elements suggests that the UrCULs may play an important role in various biological processes, including the abscisic acid (ABA) response. To investigate this hypothesis, we treated the roots of U. rhynchophylla tissue-cultured seedlings with ABA. The expression pattern analysis showed that all the UrCUL genes were widely expressed in roots with various expression patterns. The co-expression association analysis of the UrCULs and key enzyme genes in the terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA) synthesis pathway revealed the complex expression patterns of 12 UrCUL genes and some key TIA enzyme genes, especially UrCUL1, UrCUL1-likeA, UrCUL2-likeA and UrCUL2-likeB, which might be involved in the biosynthesis of TIAs. The results showed that the UrCULs were involved in the response to ABA hormones, providing important information for elucidating the function of UrCULs in U. rhynchophylla. The mining of UrCULs in the whole genome of U. rhynchophylla provided new information for understanding the CUL gene and its function in plant secondary metabolites, growth and development.
摘要：
Caffeine, a primary flavor component in tea, has been the subject of intense research. With the goal of shedding light on the complex regulatory processes governing caffeine biosynthesis in tea plants, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS), transcriptomics, and small RNA analyses were employed on diverse tea cultivars such as 'Jianghua Kucha' [including 'Xianghong 3' (XH3H) and 'Kucha 3' (KC3H)], 'Fuding Dabaicha' (FDDB), 'Yaoshan Xiulv' (YSXL), and 'Bixiangzao' (BXZ). The results showed that the caffeine level in 'Jianghua Kucha' was significantly higher than that in other tea plant cultivars. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that that the CsbHLH1 gene might play a pivotal role as a potential hub gene related to the regulation of caffeine biosynthesis. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the CsbHLH1 protein was localized in the nucleus of the cells. Moreover, CsbHLH1 suppresses the transcription of TCS1 by binding to the TCS1 promoter, as evidenced by a yeast one-hybrid assay, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and dual luciferase analysis. In addition, a microRNA, miR1446a, was identified that directly cleaves CsbHLH1, leading to an increase in caffeine levels. Therefore, our findings imply that CsbHLH1 binds to the TCS1 promoter (-971 to -1019 bp) to reduce its expression, thereby negatively regulating caffeine biosynthesis. On the other hand, miR1446a enhances the biosynthesis of caffeine by suppressing the expression of CsbHLH1. This work enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of caffeine biosynthesis in tea plants and offers potential directions for manipulating caffeine levels in future tea cultivation.
通讯机构：
[Xiao, WJ ; Gong, ZH] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Key Lab Tea Sci, Minist Educ, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Res Ctr Engn & Technol Utilizat Bot Funct Ing, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Sino Kenyan Joint Lab Tea Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Heat stress caused by heatwaves, extreme temperatures, and other weather can damage the intestinal barrier of organisms. L-Theanine (LTA) attenuates heat stress-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and impaired immune function, but its protective effect on the intestinal barrier of heat-stressed organisms is unclear. In this study, low (100 mg kg(-1) d(-1)), medium (200 mg kg(-1) d(-1)), and high (400 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) dosages of LTA were used in the gavage of C57BL/6J male mice that were experimented on for 50 d. These mice were subjected to heat stress for 2 h d(-1) at 40 ± 1 °C and 60 ± 5% RH in the last 7 d. LTA attenuated the heat stress-induced decreases in body mass and feed intake, and the destruction of intestinal villi and crypt depth; reduced the serum levels of FITC-dextran and D-LA, as well as the DAO activity; and upregulated the colonic tissues of Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1 mRNA and occludin protein expression. The number of goblet cells in the colon tissue of heat-stressed organisms increased in the presence of LTA, and the expression levels of Muc2, Muc4 mRNA, and Muc2 protein were upregulated. LTA increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter, and decreased the abundance of Enterorhabdus and Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of heat-stressed organisms and restored gut microbiota homeostasis. LTA promoted the secretion of IL-4, IL-10, and sIgA and inhibited the secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the colon of heat-stressed organisms. The expressions of Hsf1, Hsp70, Hsph1, TLR4, P38 MAPK, p-P65 NF-κB, MLCK mRNA, and proteins were downregulated by LTA in the colon of heat-stressed organisms. These results suggest that LTA protects the intestinal barrier in heat-stressed organisms by modulating multiple molecular pathways. Therefore, this study provides evidence on how tea-containing LTA treatments could be used to prevent and relieve intestinal problems related to heat stress.
通讯作者：
Xin Zeng<&wdkj&>Maiquan Li<&wdkj&>Zhonghua Liu
作者机构：
[Bohao Shang; Fang Zhou; Jianan Huang; Kunbo Wang; Zhonghua Liu] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Xin Zeng] College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;[Yong Yuan; Feiyan Yin; Jin Cao] Hunan Tea Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410128, China;[Maiquan Li] School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Mingzhi Zhu] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
通讯机构：
[Xin Zeng; Zhonghua Liu] C;[Maiquan Li] S;College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
摘要：
Golden-flower fungus, the only dominant microorganism determining the Fu-brick tea quality through fermentation and the important microbe in Liupao tea, is considered a potential probiotic fungus based on its anti-obesity effect. However, the classification of golden-flower fungi is still controversial; the anti-obesity effect of golden-flower fungus polysaccharides remains unknown. In this study, we identify a golden-flower strain as Aspergillus cristatus based on morphological characteristics and multigene phylogeny analysis, which resolves the controversy of classification. Moreover, we find A. cristatus polysaccharides (ACPS) attenuate obesity in rats. ACPS modulate gut bacterial composition, in which Akkermansia, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides, Romboutsia, Blautia, and Desulfovibrio are considered the core microbes regulated by ACPS. ACPS increase fecal total short-chain fatty acid content and serum, hepatic, and fecal total bile acid content. Furthermore, ACPS-induced gut microbiota alteration plays a causal role in the protection from obesity, according to a fecal transplantation experiment. Thus, ACPS ameliorate obesity by regulating gut microbiota and gut microbiota-related metabolites.
摘要：
Plenty of rainfall but unevenly seasonal distribution happens regularly in southern China. Seasonal drought from summer to early autumn leads to citrus fruit acidification, but how seasonal drought regulates citrate accumulation remains unknown. Herein, we employed a set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to reveal that CsABF3 responds to seasonal drought stress and modulates citrate accumulation in citrus fruits by directly regulating CsAN1 and CsPH8. Here, we demonstrated that irreversible acidification of citrus fruits is caused by drought lasting for > 30 d during the fruit enlargement stage. We investigated the transcriptome characteristics of fruits affected by drought and corroborated the pivotal roles of a bHLH transcription factor (CsAN1) and a P(3A) -ATPase gene (CsPH8) in regulating citrate accumulation in response to drought. Abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element binding factor 3 (CsABF3) was upregulated by drought in an ABA-dependent manner. CsABF3 activated CsAN1 and CsPH8 expression by directly and specifically binding to the ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) in the promoters and positively regulated citrate accumulation. Taken together, this study sheds new light on the regulatory module ABA-CsABF3-CsAN1-CsPH8 responsible for citrate accumulation under drought stress, which advances our understanding of quality formation of citrus fruit.
摘要：
Lilium is a commercially important genus of bulbous flowers, investigating the flowering molecular mechanisms is important for flowering regulation of lily. MADS-box SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) orthologs are involved in the flowering transition and floral organ differentiation in many plants. In this study, we identified an SVP ortholog from L. × formolongi (LfSVP), which was closely related to Arabidopsis SVP according to phylogenetic analysis. Tissue-specific expression patterns indicated that LfSVP expression levels peaked in the leaves and showed low expression levels in flowering tepals. Stage-dependent expression patterns of LfSVP showed high transcription level in the flowering induction stage under different photoperiods and exhibited transcription peak in the floral budding development stage under long days. Overexpressed LfSVP led to delayed flowering and floral organ defects in Arabidopsis independent of photoperiod. Tobacco rattle virus -induced gene silencing of LfSVP caused a strongly earlier flowering time and floral organ defects of L. × formolongi. Moreover, LfSVP can interact with L. × formolongi APETALA1 (AP1) in both yeast and tobacco cells, and the two may interact to regulate floral organ differentiation. In conclusion, LfSVP is a flowering repressor and may be involved in the regulation of floral organ differentiation. This study will be helpful for the molecular breeding of short-life-period and rich floral patterns lily varieties.
关键词：
Protein resources;Microbial species;Metabolism-related Gene;Metabolic pathways
摘要：
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaves, the primary by-product of cassava processing, constitute a significant protein source, accounting for 18 to 38 percent on a dry weight basis. Despite their nutritional value, a substantial portion of these leaves is often discarded post-harvest, resulting in notable resource waste. This study employs metagenomic technology to investigate the protein degradation mechanism in cassava leaves, aiming to provide a technical reference for value-added of this by-product. Following a 36-hour period of natural fermentation, the protein degradation rate reached 58%, a phenomenon intricately linked to both the microbial community structure and its functional properties. Notably, Lactococcus and Enterobacter, recognized for their abundant protease activity, were predominant. Metagenomically assembled genomes further revealed Lactococcus's substantial role in producing flavors and active compounds, including amino acids and peptides. This study offers novel perspectives to the foodization and high-value utilization of cassava by-products, emphasizing the sustainable exploitation of biomass resources.
期刊：
Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science,2024年26(1):1-16 ISSN：1516-635X
通讯作者：
Guo, S
作者机构：
[Zi, Q.; Guo, S.; Li, P.; Qu, X.; Lei, J.; He, C.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zi, Q.; Guo, S.; Li, P.; Qu, X.; Lei, J.; He, C.] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Poultry Prod Safety, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Y.] Huaihua Ctr Anim Husb & Fisheries Affairs, Huaihua 418000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Y.] Hunan Yunfeifeng Agr Co Ltd, Res & Dev Ctr, Huaihua 418200, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zou, X.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Guo, S ] N;Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410000, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Blue eggshell;DNA methylation;eggshell glands;transcriptome;Xuefeng Black-bone chicken
摘要：
Blue eggshells have become economically valuable due to their higher popularity among consumers when compared with eggs of other colors, particularly in East Asia. However, eggshell colors vary widely and gradually become lighter with the increase of age. Therefore, to determine the association between DNA methylation and gene expression on the molecular mechanism of eggshell color variation in Xuefeng Black-bone chickens, we collected the shell glands from chickens that produced dark blue eggshells and light blue eggshells, respectively, and performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) on them. The results showed that in the context of CG, DNA methylation levels were the highest compared to CHG and CHH contexts, and were negatively correlated with gene expression levels in three different gene regions in all samples, while there was no significant correlation in the contexts of CHG and CHH. Furthermore, when disregarding the location of coding genes, a total of 55 genes will show differences not only in expression levels but also in DNA methylation levels, and among the majority of differential expression genes (n=50), the DNA methylation levels in the gene body region were the highest. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed in these genes and the results showed that the genes NR1H4 and HEPHL1, ABCA4 and ABCA12, and the pathways, cell adhesion molecular, ABC transporters, ECM-receptor interaction, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, may affect the color variation of the blue eggshell of Xuefeng Black-bone chickens.
通讯机构：
[Wu, T ] H;[Kamiya, T ] U;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Yuelu Mt Lab Hunan Prov, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Tokyo, Japan.
摘要：
Successful biochemical reactions in organisms necessitate compartmentalization of the requisite components. Glandular trichomes (GTs) act as compartments for the synthesis and storage of specialized compounds. These compounds not only are crucial for the survival of plants under biotic and abiotic stresses but also have medical and commercial value for humans. However, the mechanisms underlying compartmentalization remain unclear. Here we identified a novel structure that is indispensable for the establishment of compartments in cucumber GTs. Silica, a specialized compound, is deposited on the GTs and is visible on the surface of the fruit as a white powder, known as bloom. This deposition provides resistance against pathogens and prevents water loss from the fruits1. Using the cucumber bloomless mutant2, we discovered that a lignin-based cell wall structure in GTs, named 'neck strip', achieves compartmentalization by acting as an extracellular barrier crucial for the silica polymerization. This structure is present in the GTs of diverse plant species. Our findings will enhance the understanding of the biosynthesis of unique compounds in trichomes and provide a basis for improving the production of compounds beneficial to humans. Glandular trichomes (GTs) are biofactories that produce and store specialized compounds beneficial to plants as well as to humans. Using cucumber, we have discovered a new cell wall structure, 'neck strip', allowing GTs to function as biofactories.
关键词：
Camellia sinensis;genetic diversity;selection pressure;genome-wide association analysis
摘要：
Fujian province, an important tea-producing area in China, has abundant tea cultivars. To investigate the genetic relationships of tea plant cultivars in Fujian province and the characteristics of the tea plant varieties, a total of 70 tea cultivars from Fujian and other 12 provinces in China were subjected to restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). A total of 60,258,975 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were obtained. These 70 tea plant cultivars were divided into three groups based on analyzing the phylogenetic tree, principal component, and population structure. Selection pressure analysis indicated that nucleotide diversity was high in Southern China and genetically distinct from cultivars of Fujian tea plant cultivars, according to selection pressure analysis. The selected genes have significant enrichment in pathways associated with metabolism, photosynthesis, and respiration. There were ten characteristic volatiles screened by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with multivariate statistical methods, among which the differences in the contents of methyl salicylate, 3-carene, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, (E)-4-hexen-1-ol, and 3-methylbutyraldehyde can be used as reference indicators of the geographical distribution of tea plants. Furthermore, a metabolome genome-wide association study (mGWAS) revealed that 438 candidate genes were related to the aroma metabolic pathway. Further analysis showed that 31 genes of all the selected genes were screened and revealed the reasons for the genetic differences in aroma among tea plant cultivars in Fujian and Southern China. These results reveal the genetic diversity in the Fujian tea plants as well as a theoretical basis for the conservation, development, and utilization of the Fujian highly aromatic tea plant cultivars.
作者机构：
College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China , 410128;Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education , Changsha, China , 410128;Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province , Changsha, China , 410128;[Jiahui Zhang; Yunsheng Wang] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China , 410128;[Qiuyun Wu; Shuxiang Mao; Huiping Huang; Juan Liu; Xuan Chen; Linghui Hou; Yuxiao Tian; Junwei Wang; Ke Huang] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China , 410128<&wdkj&>Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education , Changsha, China , 410128<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province , Changsha, China , 410128
通讯机构：
[Junwei Wang; Ke Huang] C;[Yunsheng Wang] H;College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China , 410128<&wdkj&>Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education , Changsha, China , 410128<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province , Changsha, China , 410128<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China , 410128
摘要：
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) is an important vegetable crop, as it is rich in health-beneficial glucosinolates (GSLs). However, the genetic basis of the GSL diversity in Brassicaceae remains unclear. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly of broccoli generated using PacBio HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final genome assembly is 613.79 Mb in size, with a contig N50 of 14.70 Mb. The GSL profile and content analysis of different Brassicas oleracea varieties, combined with a phylogenetic tree analysis, sequence alignment, and the construction of a three-dimensional model of the methylthioalkylmalate synthase 1 (MAM1) protein, which revealed that the gene copy number and amino acid sequence variation both contributed to the diversity of GSL biosynthesis in Brassica oleracea. The overexpression of BoMAM1 (BolI0108790) in broccoli resulted in high accumulation and a high ratio of C4-GSLs, demonstrating that BoMAM1 is the key enzyme in C4-GSLs biosynthesis. These results provide valuable insights for future genetic studies and nutritive component applications of Brassica crops.
关键词：
Anhua dark tea;Camellia sinensis;Electronic sensory evaluations;Metabolomics;Microbial fermentation;Volatolomics
摘要：
Anhua dark teas (DTs), including Tianjian tea, Qianliang tea, Hei brick tea, and Fu brick tea, are unique fermented teas from China's Anhua County; yet their chemical composition differences remain unclear. Herein, metabolomics, volatolomics, and electronic sensory assessments were employed to analyze and compare chemical compositions and sensory characteristics of five types of Anhua DTs. All of these teas were derived from identical tea materials. Chemical compositions differed significantly among Anhua DTs, with Tianjian tea remarkable. Long-lasting fermentation and complex processing methods led to transformation of multiple compounds, particularly catechins. Eighteen volatile compounds with OVA>1 were key aroma contributors in Anhua DTs. Internal transcribed spacer and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing showed that Eurotium, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus are dominant microorganisms in Anhua DTs. Furthermore, this study unveiled notable differences in chemical compositions between Anhua DTs and five other traditional types of tea. This research enhances our understanding of Anhua DTs processing.
摘要：
Zelkova schneideriana is a fast-growing tree species endemic to China. Recent surveys and reports have highlighted a continued decline in its natural populations; therefore, it is included in the Red List of Threatened Species by The International Union for Conservation of Nature. A new variety "HenTianGao" (H) has been developed with smaller plant height, slow growth, and lower branching points. In this study, we attempted to understand the differences in plant height of Z. schneideriana (J) and its dwarf variety H. We determined the endogenous hormone content in the annual grafted branches of both J and H. J exhibited higher gibberellic acid (GA)-19 and trans-Zeatin (tZ) levels, whereas H had higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA), IAA-Glu conjugate, and jasmonic acid (JA) (and its conjugate JA-Ile). The transcriptome comparison showed differential regulation of 20,944 genes enriched in growth and development, signaling, and metabolism-related pathways. The results show that the differential phytohormone level (IAA, JA, tZ, and GA) was consistent with the expression of the genes associated with their biosynthesis. The differences in relative OxIAA, IAA-Glu, GA19, trans-Zeatin, JA, and JA-Ile levels were linked to changes in respective signaling-related genes. We also observed significant differences in the expression of cell size, number, proliferation, cell wall biosynthesis, and remodeling-related genes in J and H. The differences in relative endogenous hormone levels, expression of biosynthesis, and signaling genes provide a theoretical basis for understanding the plant height differences in Z. schneideriana.
作者：
Ye, Jian-Hui;Fang, Qi-Ting;Zeng, Lin;Liu, Ru-Yi;Lu, Lu;...
期刊：
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2023年:1-22 ISSN：1040-8398
通讯作者：
Yong-Quan Xu<&wdkj&>Zhong-Hua Liu
作者机构：
[Liu, Ru-Yi; Ye, Jian-Hui; Lu, Lu; Liang, Yue-Rong; Fang, Qi-Ting] Zhejiang Univ, Tea Res Inst, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Jun-Feng; Xu, Yong-Quan; Zeng, Lin] Minist Agr, Tea Res Inst Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Tea Biol & Resources Utilizat, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Dong, Jun-Jie] Zhejiang Camel Transworld Organ Food Co Ltd, Res & Dev Dept, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhong-Hua] Hunan Agr Univ, Key Lab Minist Educ Tea Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yong-Quan Xu] T;[Zhong-Hua Liu] K;Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
摘要：
Matcha, a powder processed from tea leaves, has a unique green tea flavor and appealing color, in addition to many other sought after functional properties for a wide range of formulated food applications (e.g., dairy products, bakery products, and beverage). The properties of matcha are influenced by cultivation method and processing post-harvest. The transition from drinking tea infusion to eating whole leaves provides a healthy option for the delivery of functional component and tea phenolics in various food matrix. The aim of this review is to describe the physico-chemical properties of matcha, the specific requirements for tea cultivation and industrial processing. The quality of matcha mainly depends on the quality of fresh tea leaves, which is affected by preharvest factors including tea cultivar, shading treatment, and fertilization. Shading is the key measure to increase greenness, reduce bitterness and astringency, and enhance umami taste of matcha. The potential health benefits of matcha and the gastrointestinal fate of main phenolics in matcha are covered. The chemical compositions and bioactivities of fiber-bound phenolics in matcha and other plant materials are discussed. The fiber-bound phenolics are considered promising components which endow matcha with boosted bioavailability of phenolics and health benefits through modulating gut microbiota.
摘要：
Organic acids and anthocyanins are the most important compounds for the flavor and nutritional quality of citrus fruit. However, there are few reports on the involvement of co-regulation of citrate and anthocyanin metabolism. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis to elucidate the genes and pathways involved in both citrate and anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest citrus fruit with ‘Tarocco’ blood orange (TBO; high accumulation) and ‘Bingtangcheng’ sweet orange (BTSO; low accumulation). A robust core set of 825 DEGs were found to be temporally associated with citrate and anthocyanin accumulation throughout the storage period through transcriptome analysis. Further according to the results of weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis (WGCNA), the turquoise and brown module was highly positively correlated with both of the content of citrate and anthocyanin, and p-type ATPase (PH8), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase (PEPCK), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase (F3’H) and glutathione S transferase (GST) were considered key structural genes. Moreover, MYB family transcription factor (PH4), Zinc finger PHD-type transcription factor (CHR4, HAC12), Zinc finger SWIM-type transcription factor (FAR1) and Zinc finger C3H1-type transcription factor (ATC3H64) were considered hub genes related to these structural genes. Further qRT-PCR analysis verified that these transcription factors were highly expressed in TBO fruit and their expression profiles were significantly positively correlated with the structural genes of citrate and anthocyanin metabolism as well as the content of citrate and anthocyanin content. The findings suggest that the CHR4, FAR1, ATC3H64 and HAC12 may be the new transcription regulators participate in controlling the level of citrate and anthocyanin in postharvest TBO fruit in addition to PH4. These results may providing new insight into the regulation mechanism of citrate and anthocyanin accumulation in citrus fruit.
