关键词：
Tobacco mosaic virus;alpha diversity;bacterial interaction;beneficial bacteria;sensitivity of bacterial community
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one famous plant virus responsible for substantial economic losses worldwide. However, the roles of bacterial communities in response to TMV in the tobacco rhizosphere remain unclear. METHODS: We explored the soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community succession of the healthy (YTH) and diseased (YTD) plants with TMV infection by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS: We found that soil pH in the YTD group was significantly lower than in the YTH group, and the soil available nutrients were substantially higher. The bacterial community analysis found that the diversity and structure significantly differed post-TMV disease onset. With TMV inoculated, the alpha diversity of the bacterial community in the YTD was markedly higher than that in the YTH group at the early stage. However, the alpha diversity in the YTD group subsequently decreased to lower than in the YTH group. The early bacterial structure of healthy plants exhibited higher susceptibility to TMV infection, whereas, in the subsequent stages, there was an enrichment of beneficial bacterial (e.g., Ramlibacter, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, and Niastella) and enhanced energy metabolism and nucleotide metabolism in bacteria. CONCLUSION: The initial soil bacterial community exhibited susceptibility to TMV infection, which might contribute to strengthening resistance of Tobacco to TMV.
摘要：
Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for biodegradation and transformation of industrial toxic substances such as catechol (CA) has received widespread attention, but the low tolerance of S. cerevisiae to CA has limited its development. The exploration and modification of genes or pathways related to CA tolerance in S. cerevisiae is an effective way to further improve the utilization efficiency of CA. This study identified 36 genes associated with CA tolerance in S. cerevisiae through genome-wide identification and bioinformatics analysis and the ERG6 knockout strain (ERG6Δ) is the most sensitive to CA. Based on the omics analysis of ERG6Δ under CA stress, it was found that ERG6 knockout affects pathways such as intrinsic component of membrane and pentose phosphate pathway. In addition, the study revealed that 29 genes related to the cell wall-membrane system were up-regulated by more than twice, NADPH and NADP(+) were increased by 2.48 and 4.41 times respectively, and spermidine and spermine were increased by 2.85 and 2.14 times, respectively, in ERG6Δ. Overall, the response of cell wall-membrane system, the accumulation of spermidine and NADPH, as well as the increased levels of metabolites in pentose phosphate pathway are important findings in improving the CA resistance. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the tolerance of strains to CA and reducing the damage caused by CA to the ecological environment and human health.
摘要：
Cancer immunotherapy, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized the paradigm of cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy remains limited in most clinical settings due to the lack of a preexisting antitumor T-cell response in tumors. Therefore, the clinical outcomes of cancer immunotherapy must be improved crucially. With increased awareness of the importance of the innate immune response in the recruitment of T cells, as well as the onset and maintenance of the T cell response, great interest has been shown in activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway to awaken the innate immune response, thereby orchestrating both innate and adaptive immune responses to induce tumor clearance. However, tumor cells have evolved to overexpress ectonucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), which degrades the immunotransmitter 2',3'-cGAMP and promotes the production of immune-suppressing adenosine, resulting in inhibition of the anticancer immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Clinically, ENPP1 overexpression is closely associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Conversely, depleting or inhibiting ENPP1 has been verified to elevate extracellular 2',3'-cGAMP levels and inhibit the generation of adenosine, thereby reinvigorating the anticancer immune response for tumor elimination. A variety of ENPP1 inhibitors have recently been developed and have demonstrated significant promise for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of ENPP1, dissect its immunosuppressive mechanisms, and discuss the development of ENPP1 inhibitors with the potential to further improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
作者机构：
[Lu, Ying; Zheng, Yajie; Xiao, Tian; Yang, Li; Nie, Guang] National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China;[Xiao, Tian; Yang, Li; Nie, Guang] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Zhong, Xiaohong; Yang, Fan] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Jin, Xiue] Hubei Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Wuhan 430000, China;[Peng, Xiaoying] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Lu, Ying; Zheng, Yajie] C;[Wang, Jun] H;Hubei Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Wuhan 430000, China. Electronic address:;College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
The object of this study was to trace TwHf-derived toxins in raw honey and clarify their acute toxic effect related to the addition of honey or sugars. TwHf flowers, raw honey from TwHf planting base and from beekeepers in high-risk area were detected using LC-MS/MS. The results revealed five target toxins were detected in TwHf flowers; only celastrol was detected in one raw honey sample, as a food safety risk factor, celastrol had been traced back to TwHf flowers from raw honey. In a series of acute toxic tests on zebrafish, toxification effects were observed when honey, mimic honey or sugar was mixed with toxins. The degree of toxicity varied among various sugar-based solutions. At the same mass concentration, they follow this order: raw honey/mimic honey > glucose > fructose. The main toxic target organs of triptolide and celastrol with honey were the heart and liver.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2024年15:1364826 ISSN：1664-462X
作者机构：
[Xue, Shuai; Xiao, Liang; Li, Shicheng; Yi, Zili; Tang, Yanmei] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China;[Zheng, Xuying; Zerpa-Catanho, Dessireé] Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States;[Zhang, Zhihai] Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States;[Yang, Sai] Orient Science & Technology College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China;[Kuang, Xianyan] Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL, United States
摘要：
Marginal lands, such as those with saline soils, have potential as alternative resources for cultivating dedicated biomass crops used in the production of renewable energy and chemicals. Optimum utilization of marginal lands can not only alleviate the competition for arable land use with primary food crops, but also contribute to bioenergy products and soil improvement. Miscanthus sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius are prominent perennial plants suitable for sustainable bioenergy production in saline soils. However, their responses to salt stress remain largely unexplored. In this study, we utilized 318 genotypes of M. sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius to assess their salt tolerance levels under 150 mM NaCl using 14 traits, and subsequently established a mini-core elite collection for salt tolerance. Our results revealed substantial variation in salt tolerance among the evaluated genotypes. Salt-tolerant genotypes exhibited significantly lower Na(+) content, and K(+) content was positively correlated with Na(+) content. Interestingly, a few genotypes with higher Na(+) levels in shoots showed improved shoot growth characteristics. This observation suggests that M. sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius adapt to salt stress by regulating ion homeostasis, primarily through enhanced K(+) uptake, shoot Na(+) exclusion, and Na(+) sequestration in shoot vacuoles. To evaluate salt tolerance comprehensively, we developed an assessment value (D value) based on the membership function values of the 14 traits. We identified three highly salt-tolerant, 50 salt-tolerant, 127 moderately salt-tolerant, 117 salt-sensitive, and 21 highly salt-sensitive genotypes at the seedling stage by employing the D value. A mathematical evaluation model for salt tolerance was established for M. sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius at the seedling stage. Notably, the mini-core collection containing 64 genotypes developed using the Core Hunter algorithm effectively represented the overall variability of the entire collection. This mini-core collection serves as a valuable gene pool for future in-depth investigations of salt tolerance mechanisms in Miscanthus.
作者：
Yi Su;Xiaoyun Peng;Haiou Li;Wenzhen Ku;Ruozhong Wang;...
期刊：
Plants-Basel,2024年13(6):899- ISSN：2223-7747
通讯作者：
Haiou Li<&wdkj&>Langtao Xiao
作者机构：
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.;[Yi Su; Ruozhong Wang] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Dark Tea and Jin-Hua, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China;[Xiaoyun Peng; Wenzhen Ku] Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Dark Tea and Jin-Hua, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Haiou Li; Langtao Xiao] Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Haiou Li; Langtao Xiao] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
Axillary bud outgrowth, a key factor in ratoon rice yield formation, is regulated by several phytohormone signals. The regulatory mechanism of key genes underlying ratoon buds in response to phytohormones in ratoon rice has been less reported. In this study, GR24 (a strigolactone analogue) was used to analyze the ratooning characteristics in rice cultivar Huanghuazhan (HHZ). Results show that the elongation of the axillary buds in the first seasonal rice was significantly inhibited and the ratoon rate was reduced at most by up to 40% with GR24 treatment. Compared with the control, a significant reduction in the content of auxin and cytokinin in the second bud from the upper spike could be detected after GR24 treatment, especially 3 days after treatment. Transcriptome analysis suggested that there were at least 742 and 2877 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within 6 h of GR24 treatment and 12 h of GR24 treatment, respectively. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that GR24 treatment had a significant effect on the homeostasis and signal transduction of cytokinin and auxin. It is noteworthy that the gene expression levels of OsCKX1, OsCKX2, OsGH3.6, and OsGH3.8, which are involved in cytokinin or auxin metabolism, were enhanced by the 12 h GR24 treatment. Taken overall, this study showed the gene regulatory network of auxin and cytokinin homeostasis to be regulated by strigolactone in the axillary bud outgrowth of ratoon rice, which highlights the importance of these biological pathways in the regulation of axillary bud outgrowth in ratoon rice and would provide theoretical support for the molecular breeding of ratoon rice.
作者：
Si Qin;Chenghao Lv;Xin Liu;Tao Li;Shiyun Chen;...
期刊：
Antioxidants,2024年13(3):293- ISSN：2076-3921
通讯作者：
Si Qin<&wdkj&>Tao Li
作者机构：
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.;[Chenghao Lv; Xin Liu] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Shiyun Chen; Yuhang Yi; Xinnian Wen] College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;[Si Qin] Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Si Qin; Tao Li] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
摘要：
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is abundant in crocin and has a longstanding historical usage both as a dietary and natural ethnic medicine. Enhanced studies have increasingly revealed the intricate interplay between glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota, wherein their imbalance is regarded as a pivotal indicator of metabolic disorders. Currently, the precise molecular mechanism of the crude extract of crocin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GC) targeting gut microbiota to regulate glycolipid metabolism disorder is still unclear. Firstly, we explored the effect of GC on digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) in vitro. Secondly, we investigated the effect of GC on the physical and chemical parameters of high-fat diet (HFD) rats, such as body weight change, fasting blood glucose and lipid levels, and liver oxidative stress and injury. Then, 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the effects of GC on the composition and structure of gut microbiota. Finally, the impact of GC on the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway in the intestine was assessed by Western Blotting. In the present study, GC was found to exhibit a hypoglycemic effect in vitro, by inhibition of digestive enzymes. In animal experiments, we observed that GC significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, TC, and TG levels while increasing HDL-C levels. Additionally, GC demonstrated hepatoprotective properties by enhancing liver antioxidative capacity through the upregulation of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, while reducing ROS. 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that GC had a significant effect on the gut microbiota of HFD rats, mainly by reducing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bateroidota, and significantly affected the genera related to glycolipid metabolism, such as Akkermansia, Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae, etc. The Western Blotting results demonstrated that GC effectively downregulated the protein expressions of TLR4, Myd88, and NF-κB in the intestine of HFD rats, indicating that GC could target the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway to interfere with glycolipid metabolism disorder. Correlation analysis revealed that GC could target the Akkermansia-TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway axis which attenuates glycolipid metabolism disorder. Therefore, this study establishes the foundation for GC as a novel therapeutic agent for glycolipid metabolism disorder chemoprevention, and it introduces a novel methodology for harnessing the potential of natural botanical extracts in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome.
摘要：
In this study, the speciation, leachability, phytoaccessibility, and environmental risks of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, and Cu) during liquefaction of contaminated peanut straw in ethanol at different temperatures (220, 260, 300, 340, and 380 degrees C) were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that elevated temperatures facilitated heavy metal accumulation in the biochar. The acid-soluble/exchangeable and reducible fraction percentages of heavy metals were substantially reduced in the biochar after liquefaction as the temperature increased, and the oxidizable fraction became the dominant heavy metal fraction, accounting for 44.14-78.67%. Furthermore, although an excessively high liquefaction temperature (380 degrees C) increased the residual fraction percentages of Zn and Cu, it was detrimental to Cd immobilization. The acid-soluble/exchangeable Cd in the contaminated peanut straw readily migrates to the bio-oil during liquefaction, with the highest concentration of 1.60 mg/kg at 260 degrees C liquefaction temperature, whereas Zn and Cu are predominantly bound to the unexchangeable fraction in the bio-oil. Liquefaction inhibited heavy metal leachability and phytoaccessibility in biochar, the lowest extraction rates of Cd, Zn, and Cu were 0.71%, 1.66% and 0.95% by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, respectively. However, the leaching and extraction concentrations increased when the temperature was raised to 380 degrees C. Additionally, heavy metal risk was reduced from medium and high risk to no and low risk. In summary, liquefaction reduces heavy metal toxicity and the risks associated with contaminated peanut straw, and a temperature range of 300-340 degrees C for ethanol liquefaction can be considered optimal for stabilizing heavy metals.
作者机构：
Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;[Jie Yin] College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.;Shuangbaotai Group Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330095, China;College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Guiping Guan; Zhengjun Xie] A;[Xihong Zhou] C;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Shuangbaotai Group Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330095, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
摘要：
Serine is widely involved in antioxidant synthesis, immune response, and fat metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether dietary serine supplementation affects fat deposition in the skeletal muscles of pigs. Thus, we explored the effects of dietary serine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, and composition of gut microbes and their metabolites in growing–finishing pigs. Forty-eight boars weighing approximately 20 kg were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 0.15% serine. The results showed that dietary serine increased the daily weight gain of pigs and improved serum antioxidant capacity as indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde content and increased glutathione and superoxide dismutase content. Pigs supplemented with serine had better meat quality, as shown by the lower drip loss and higher IMF content. Furthermore, dietary serine increased the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus and decreased the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Terrisporobacter. Differential microbial metabolites were mostly enriched in metabolic pathways related to lipid synthesis, such as alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Correlation analysis showed that the altered metabolites were closely related to the intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, our results suggested that serine serves as a potential additive for improving IMF content in growing–finishing pigs.
摘要：
The color of the seed coat has great diversity and is regarded as a biomarker of metabolic variations. Here we isolated a soybean variant (BLK) from a population of recombinant inbred lines with a black seed coat, while its sibling plants have yellow seed coats (YL). The BLK and YL plants showed no obvious differences in vegetative growth and seed weight. However, the BLK seeds had higher anthocyanins and flavonoids level and showed tolerance to various abiotic stresses including herbicide, oxidation, salt, and alkalinity during germination. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the upregulation of biosynthetic genes probably contributed to the overaccumulation of flavonoids in BLK seeds. The transient expression of those biosynthetic genes in soybean root hairs increased the levels of total flavonoids or anthocyanins. Our study revealed the molecular basis of flavonoid accumulation in soybean seeds, leveraging genetic engineering for both nutritious and stress-tolerant soybean germplasm.
摘要：
The Golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species that is best known for its damage to wetland agriculture. We analyzed the genetic variation and population genetics of P. canaliculata populations in seven regions of China based on molecular markers of three mitochondrial (mt) genes. Abstract The Golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species that is best known for its damage to wetland agriculture. It also acts as an intermediate host of some zoonotic parasites such as Angiostrongylus cantonensis, posing threats to human public health and safety. Despite is being an important agricultural pest, the genetic information and population expansion history of this snail remains poorly understood in China. In this study, we analyzed the genetic variation and population genetics of P. canaliculata populations in seven regions of China based on molecular markers of three mitochondrial (mt) genes. A total of 15 haplotypes were recognized based on single mt cox1, nad1, and nad4, and eight haplotypes were identified using the concatenated genes. High haplotype diversity, moderate nucleotide diversity, low gene flow, and high rates of gene differentiation among the seven P. canaliculata populations were detected. Shanghai and Yunnan populations showed higher genetic flow and very low genetic differentiation. The results of Tajima's D, Fu's Fs, and mismatch distribution showed that P. canaliculata did not experience population expansion in China. Genetic distance based on haplotypes suggested that nad1 gene was more conserved than cox1 gene within P. canaliculata. The phylogenetic analyses showed there may be two geographical lineages in the Chinese mainland. The present study may provide a new genetic marker to analyze P. canaliculata, and results support more evidence for studying the genetic distribution of P. canaliculata in China and contribute to a deeper understanding of its population genetics and evolutionary biology.
作者机构：
[Liu, Gang; Liu, Naiyuan; Liu, Zhuangzhuang; Zhao, Jinfeng; Fang, Jun; Wang, Keyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Gang; Liu, Naiyuan; Liu, Zhuangzhuang; Zhao, Jinfeng; Fang, Jun; Wang, Keyu] Hunan Engn Lab Pollut Control & Waste Utilizat Swi, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Hao] Changsha IMADEK Intelligent Technol Co Ltd, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Junting] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, State Key Lab Efficient Utilizat Arid & Semiarid A, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fang, J ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Engn Lab Pollut Control & Waste Utilizat Swi, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Meta genomic analysis;Network analysis;Rice straw-mushroom compost;Sawdust-rice husk compost
摘要：
This study aimed to assess the impact of microbial agent and different compost material, on physicochemical parameters dynamic change, nitrogen-transfer gene/bacterial community interaction network during the pig manure composting. Incorporating a microbial agent into rice straw-mushroom compost reduced the NH(3) and total ammonia emissions by 25.52% and 14.41%, respectively. Notably, rice straw-mushroom with a microbial agent reduced the total ammonia emissions by 37.67%. NH(4)(+)-N and pH emerged as primary factors of phylum-level and genus-level microorganisms. Microbial agent increased the expression of narG, nirK, and nosZ genes. Rice straw-mushroom elevated the content of amoA, nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes. Alcanivorax, Luteimonas, Pusillimonas, Lactobacillus, Aequorivita, Clostridium, Moheibacter and Truepera were identified as eight core microbial genera during the nitrogen conversion process. This study provides a strategy for reducing ammonia emissions and analyzes the potential mechanisms underlying compost processes.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY,2024年14:1289795 ISSN：1664-3224
通讯作者：
Zhu, Ying;Liu, S
作者机构：
[Zhu, Ying; Liu, Shi; Xu, Ke; Zhou, Li; Yu, Chen; Yan, Huan; Liu, S; Ma, Caijiao; Luo, Chuanjin; Zhu, Y; Nie, Longyu; Zhu, Qingmei] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Virol Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Modern Virol Res Ctr, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Lu, Zhibing; Liu, S; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Zhibing; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Zhongnan Hosp, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Qiming; Liu, S] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Fubing; Liu, S] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, S ; Zhu, Y] W;Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Virol Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Modern Virol Res Ctr, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
HCC;MVP;STAT6;TAMs;TME;polarization
摘要：
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critical in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Major vault protein (MVP) mediates multidrug resistance, cell growth and development, and viral immunity. However, the relationship between MVP and TAMs polarization has not been clarified in HCC. We found that MVP significantly increased M2-TAMs infiltration levels in tumor tissues of HCC patients. MVP promoted HCC proliferation, metastasis, and invasion by regulating M2 polarization in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, MVP associated with signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and enhanced STAT6 phosphorylation. STAT6 translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus and regulated M2 macrophage-associated gene transcription. These findings suggest that MVP modulates the macrophage M2 transcriptional program, revealing its potential role in the TAMs of TME.
作者机构：
[Huarong Huang; Yi Xu] College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China;[Yini Wu; Tiansu Tan] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Feng Chen] College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
通讯机构：
[Yi Xu] C;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
摘要：
Cultivating perennial energy crops (PECs) not only enhances soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration but also provides a reliable feedstock for bioenergy production. Nevertheless, the lack of exploration of the SOC sequestration rate and its spatiotemporal dynamics at a global scale hinders the industrial-scale implementation of PECs cultivation. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive global meta-analysis to quantify the SOC sequestration rate and elucidate its spatiotemporal dynamics. The results showed that PECs cultivation globally achieves a SOC sequestration rate of 0.21 Mg ha−1 yr−1. The crop age and soil depth were identified as the most important driving factors of the SOC sequestration rate. The SOC sequestration rate of PECs cultivation initially increased with crop age but eventually declined, reaching its peak at 9 years. Notably, the SOC sequestration rate was higher in deeper soil layers, particularly within 30–60 cm, compared to the topsoils (0–30 cm). Our results provide compelling evidence that PECs have promising potential for enhancing SOC sequestration, particularly in deep soils over the long term. These results contribute to the formulation of relevant policies aimed at effectively deploying PECs to facilitate the transition to renewable energy sources and achieve carbon neutrality.
摘要：
Phytohormones play a key role in regulating tiller number. Ascorbic acid (Asc)-phytohormone interaction plays a pivotal role in regulation of senescence. In this paper, the relationship between Asc and the enzyme concentrations and gene transcript abundances related to the signal perception of strigolactones (SLs), contents of four phytohormones i.e. abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), indole acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinin (CTK), the enzyme concentrations and gene transcript abundances related to the synthesis or transportation of these four phytohormones were analyzed. The results showed that the Asc deficiency leads to the upregulation of enzyme concentrations and gene transcript abundances related to the SL signal perception, ABA synthesis and IAA transport. Meanwhile, the altered level of Asc also leads to a change in the contents of ABA, JA, IAA and CTK. These observations support the conclusion that Asc or Asc/DHA may play an important role in the signal perception and transduction of SLs, and Asc may affect the coordinated regulation of SL, IAA, and CTK on rice tillering.
摘要：
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and complex disease, and traditional drugs have many side effects. The active compound dihydromyricetin (DHM), derived from natural plants, has been shown in our previous study to possess the potential for reducing blood glucose levels; however, its precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, network pharmacology and transcriptomics were performed to screen the molecular targets and signaling pathways of DHM disturbed associated with T2DM, and the results were partially verified by molecular docking, RT-PCR, and Western blotting at in vivo levels. Firstly, the effect of DHM on blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver oxidative stress in db/db mice was explored and the results showed that DHM could reduce blood glucose and improve oxidative stress in the liver. Secondly, GO analysis based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics results showed that DHM mainly played a significant role in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and fatty acid metabolism in biological processes, on lipoprotein and respiratory chain on cell components, and on redox-related enzyme activity, iron ion binding, and glutathione transferase on molecular functional processes. KEGG system analysis results showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, IL17 signaling pathway, HIF signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and TNF signaling pathway were typical signaling pathways disturbed by DHM in T2DM. Thirdly, molecular docking results showed that VEGFA, SRC, HIF1A, ESR1, KDR, MMP9, PPARG, and MAPK14 are key target genes, five genes of which were verified by RT-PCR in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, Western blotting results revealed that DHM effectively upregulated the expression of AKT protein and downregulated the expression of MEK protein in the liver of db/db mice. Therefore, our study found that DHM played a therapeutic effect partially by activation of the PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling pathway. This study establishes the foundation for DHM as a novel therapeutic agent for T2DM. Additionally, it presents a fresh approach to utilizing natural plant extracts for chemoprevention and treatment of T2DM.
摘要：
Soil salinity seriously hinders the sustainable development of green agriculture. The emergence of engineered nanomaterials has revolutionized agricultural research, providing a new means to overcome the limitations associated with current abiotic stress management and achieve highly productive agriculture. Herein, we synthesized a brand-new engineered nanomaterial (Cs-Se NMs) through the Schiff base reaction of oxidized chitosan with selenocystamine hydrochloride to alleviate salt stress in plants. After the addition of 300 mg/L Cs-Se NMs, the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in rice shoots increased to 3.19, 1.79, and 1.85 times those observed in the NaCl group, respectively. Meanwhile, the MDA levels decreased by 63.9%. Notably, Cs-Se NMs also raised the transcription of genes correlated with the oxidative stress response and MAPK signaling in the transcriptomic analysis. In addition, Cs-Se NMs augmented the abundance and variety of rhizobacteria and remodeled the microbial community structure. These results provide insights into applying engineered nanomaterials in sustainable agriculture.
摘要：
Understanding how phytoplankton interacts with local and regional drivers as well as their feedbacks is a great challenge, and quantitative analyses of the regulating role of human activities and climate changes on these feedback loops are also limited. By using monthly monitoring dataset (2000-2017) from Lake Taihu and empirical dynamic modelling to construct causal networks, we quantified the strengths of causal feedbacks among phytoplankton, local environments, zooplankton, meteorology as well as global climate oscillation. Prevalent bidirectional causal linkages between phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) and the tested drivers were found, providing holistic and quantitative evidence of the ubiquitous feedback loops. Phytoplankton biomass exhibited the highest feedbacks with total inorganic nitrogen and ammonia and the lowest with nitrate. The feedbacks between phytoplankton biomass and environmental factors from 2000 to 2017 could be classified into two groups: the local environments (e.g., nutrients, pH, transparency, zooplankton biomass)-driven enhancement loops promoting the response of the phytoplankton biomass, and the climate (e.g., wind speed)-driven regulatory loops suppressing it. The two counterbalanced groups modified the emergent macroecological patterns. Our findings revealed that the causal feedback networks loosened significantly after 2007 following nutrient loading reduction and unsuccessful biomanipulation restoration attempts by stocking carp. The strength of enhancement loops underwent marked decreases leading to reduced phytoplankton responses to the tested drivers, while the climate (decreasing wind speed, warming winter)-driven regulatory loops increased- like a tug-of-war. To counteract the self-amplifying feedback loops, the present eutrophication mitigation efforts, especially nutrient reduction, should be continued, and introduction of alternative measures to indirectly regulate the critical components (e.g., pH, Secchi depth, zooplankton biomass) of the loops would be beneficial.
