关键词：
Potato Virus;Mosaic Symptom;Recombination Breakpoint;Chinese Isolate;Recombination Detection Program
摘要：
Potato plants that exhibited mosaic symptoms were collected in Xiangxi, Hunan province, China. Multiplex RT-PCR screening for common viruses revealed the presence of potato virus A (PVA) in these samples. ELISA with virus-specific antibodies confirmed infection by PVA in the plants. Rod-shaped virions of ~750 nm in length and ~13 nm in width were observed by transmission electron microscopy. One virus isolate (designated PVA-Hunan) was subjected to molecular characterization. The viral genome consisted of 9,567 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tail, and encoded a polyprotein of 3,059 amino acids. A second characteristic potyvirus open reading frame (ORF), pretty interesting Potyviridae ORF (pipo), was located at nucleotides 2,834-3,139. The isolate shared 84% to 98% and 93% to 99% sequence identity with other PVA isolates at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that, within the PVA group, PVA-Hunan clustered most closely with the Finnish isolate Her, then with isolates 143, U, Ali, M and B11. The isolate TamMV stood alone at a separate branch. However, scanning of complete genome sequences using SimPlot revealed 99%-sequence identity between PVA-Hunan and TamMV in the 3'-proximal end of the genome (~nt 9,160 to the 3'end) and a 50%-94% (average~83%) identity upstream of nt 9,160. In contrast, 98% identity between PVA-Hunan and isolates M and B11 was detected for nucleotides 1 to ~9,160, but only ~94% for the 3'-proximal region, suggesting a genome recombination event (RE) at nt 9,133. The recombination breakpoint also was identified by the Recombination Detection Program (RDP). The RE was further confirmed by analysis of the CP gene, where the apparent RE was located.
关键词：
China Rose;Light treatment;Plant regeneration;Rosa;Somatic embryogenesis
摘要：
We investigated the effect of red light and plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis in China Rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq.). Embryogenic calli that had been induced by combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and thidiazuron in darkness were exposed to dark, red, and white light treatments. Cultures subjected to red light treatment generated the greatest number of embryos, with one (SE1 embryos) or two (SE2 embryos) expanded cotyledons. The largest numbers of shoot-like embryos without cotyledons (SE0 embryos) were produced in cultures subjected to dark treatment. The effects of different concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) on the proliferation and germination of different types of somatic embryos were also evaluated. A concentration of 9.45 μM was found to be the most effective in promoting the proliferation and germination of SE2 embryos. The higher the concentration of ABA (from 0 to 18.90 μM), the higher the percentage of abnormal polycotyledonary embryos produced. The highest percentage of regenerated plants was obtained from SE2 embryos.
作者机构：
[胡楠] College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultual University, Changsha 410128, China;[熊兴耀] Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
通讯机构：
[Xiong, X.-Y.] I;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
摘要：
Cultural landscape as extremely valuable historical and cultural resources are not renewable, minority folk, folk culture resources in Wuling Mountain Area as the important content of the development, in the new rural planning and construction process, we should pay attention to the value of traditional folk culture resources, insist on the principle of combining the protection and utilization. Make construction and development of the folk culture of the ethical region and multicultural harmonious coexistence. This paper taking Zhangjiajie Tujia characteristics of village planning as a case, investigate its humanitarian landscape resource and conservation value, according to the principle of the protection of the first and the development of the second under the premise of the protection and restoration of the original buildings and folk culture resources, using eco-planning and design innovative mode. With the rapid development of economic construction, China's urbanization speed. According to the 2010 census data, China's urban population surge by about 30% in 2000 to about 50% in 2010. According to "China's rural poverty alleviation and development program (2011-2020), and the wuling mountain area regional development and poverty alleviation works planning (2011-2020), The state will increase the strength of the western development, China will further accelerate the new rural construction. In the construction of new countryside, however, some planning designers in city planning theory will be big demolition to build rural, One-sided pursuit of formal beauty or some kind of design technique in the construction of new rural waste of resources and damage to the ecosystem. Humanities landscape, is artificially created, merge with the natural landscape around, there's a certain cultural characteristics and various cultural phenomenon, the fluctuation in five thousand of the Chinese nation in the social practice and profound created the material wealth and spiritual wealth, and many become the human society civilization achievements with distinctive features. Urbanization process had different degrees of increase of people's living standard, but the national characteristic culture, urbanization, the ancestral culture of valuable material and spiritual wealth or development of the folk culture of ethnic minority areas and cultural diversity coexist status remain, and embodies human harmony with the natural environment, social economic and cultural sustainable development is the main research contents in this paper. In ethnic minority areas zhangjiajie yongding district Shi Yan ping village as example, the study of conservation and utilization of people embraced, wuling mountain area for regional development and poverty alleviation attack planning implementation process to provide theoretical reference.
