摘要:
Cultural landscape as extremely valuable historical and cultural resources are not renewable, minority folk, folk culture resources in Wuling Mountain Area as the important content of the development, in the new rural planning and construction process, we should pay attention to the value of traditional folk culture resources, insist on the principle of combining the protection and utilization. Make construction and development of the folk culture of the ethical region and multicultural harmonious coexistence. This paper taking Zhangjiajie Tujia characteristics of village planning as a case, investigate its humanitarian landscape resource and conservation value, according to the principle of the protection of the first and the development of the second under the premise of the protection and restoration of the original buildings and folk culture resources, using eco-planning and design innovative mode. With the rapid development of economic construction, China's urbanization speed. According to the 2010 census data, China's urban population surge by about 30% in 2000 to about 50% in 2010. According to "China's rural poverty alleviation and development program (2011-2020), and the wuling mountain area regional development and poverty alleviation works planning (2011-2020), The state will increase the strength of the western development, China will further accelerate the new rural construction. In the construction of new countryside, however, some planning designers in city planning theory will be big demolition to build rural, One-sided pursuit of formal beauty or some kind of design technique in the construction of new rural waste of resources and damage to the ecosystem. Humanities landscape, is artificially created, merge with the natural landscape around, there's a certain cultural characteristics and various cultural phenomenon, the fluctuation in five thousand of the Chinese nation in the social practice and profound created the material wealth and spiritual wealth, and many become the human society civilization achievements with distinctive features. Urbanization process had different degrees of increase of people's living standard, but the national characteristic culture, urbanization, the ancestral culture of valuable material and spiritual wealth or development of the folk culture of ethnic minority areas and cultural diversity coexist status remain, and embodies human harmony with the natural environment, social economic and cultural sustainable development is the main research contents in this paper. In ethnic minority areas zhangjiajie yongding district Shi Yan ping village as example, the study of conservation and utilization of people embraced, wuling mountain area for regional development and poverty alleviation attack planning implementation process to provide theoretical reference.
摘要:
Most fruits in our daily diet are the products of domestication and breeding. Here we report a map of genome variation for a major fruit that encompasses ∼3.6 million variants, generated by deep resequencing of 115 cucumber lines sampled from 3,342 accessions worldwide. Comparative analysis suggests that fruit crops underwent narrower bottlenecks during domestication than grain crops. We identified 112 putative domestication sweeps; 1 of these regions contains a gene involved in the loss of bitterness in fruits, an essential domestication trait of cucumber. We also investigated the genomic basis of divergence among the cultivated populations and discovered a natural genetic variant in a β-carotene hydroxylase gene that could be used to breed cucumbers with enhanced nutritional value. The genomic history of cucumber evolution uncovered here provides the basis for future genomics-enabled breeding.
摘要:
BACKGROUND: The Macleaya spp., including Macleaya cordata and Macleaya microcarpa, are traditional anti-virus, inflammation eliminating, and insecticide herb medicines for their isoquinoline alkaloids. They are also known as the basis of the popular natural animal food addictive in Europe. However, few studies especially at genomics level were conducted on them. Hence, we performed the Macleaya spp. transcriptome and integrated it with iTRAQ proteome analysis in order to identify potential genes involved in alkaloids biosynthesis. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We elaborately designed the transcriptome, proteome and metabolism profiling for 10 samples of both species to explore their alkaloids biosynthesis. From the transcriptome data, we obtained 69367 and 78255 unigenes for M. cordata and M. microcarpa, in which about two thirds of them were similar to sequences in public databases. By metabolism profiling, reverse patterns for alkaloids sanguinarine, chelerythrine, protopine, and allocryptopine were observed in different organs of two species. We characterized the expressions of enzymes in alkaloid biosynthesis pathways. We also identified more than 1000 proteins from iTRAQ proteome data. Our results strongly suggest that the root maybe the organ for major alkaloids biosynthesis of Macleaya spp. Except for biosynthesis, the alkaloids storage and transport were also important for their accumulation. The ultrastructure of laticifers by SEM helps us to prove the alkaloids maybe accumulated in the mature roots. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: To our knowledge this is the first study to elucidate the genetic makeup of Macleaya spp. This work provides clues to the identification of the potential modulate genes involved in alkaloids biosynthesis in Macleaya spp., and sheds light on researches for non-model medicinal plants by integrating different high-throughput technologies.
作者机构:
[衡周] Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[熊兴耀] The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;[周江] The Library of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[苏小军; 熊兴耀; 胡秋龙; 衡周] Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Alcohol Fuels from Biomass, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构:
Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Alcohol Fuels from Biomass, China