Reduction of unproductive tillers did not increase the grain yield of irrigated rice
作者:
Ao, Hejun;Peng, Shaobing* ;Zou, Yingbin;Tang, Qiyuan;Visperas, Romeo M.
期刊:
Field Crops Research ,2010年116(1-2):108-115 ISSN:0378-4290
通讯作者:
Peng, Shaobing
作者机构:
[Ao, Hejun; Zou, Yingbin; Tang, Qiyuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop Physiol Ecol & Prod Ctr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Shaobing; Visperas, Romeo M.] Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, Manila, Philippines.;[Peng, Shaobing] Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, DAPO Box 7777, Manila, Philippines.
通讯机构:
[Peng, Shaobing] I;Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, DAPO Box 7777, Manila, Philippines.
关键词:
Biomass production;Grain yield;Tiller removal;Unproductive tillers;Yield components
摘要:
Tillering ability is one of the most important traits of the rice plant because it plays a major role in determining grain yield. However, it is not clear whether rice yield potential could be further increased if unproductive tillers were reduced or eliminated. Two field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of tiller reduction on plant growth and grain yield in two varieties with different tillering ability. Two methods were used to reduce tillers: the first was the removal of tillers manually at different crop growth stages and the second was to grow rice plants through holes in styrofoam slats, which provided a physical restriction on tiller emergence. Tiller number declined by 12-57% with the first method and by 18-47% with the second method compared with the control. Despite the significant reduction in tiller number and unproductive tiller percentage, none of the treatments with manual tiller removal and physical restriction of tillering resulted in a significant increase in grain yield compared with the control. Decreases in leaf area and biomass at heading and panicle number at maturity were observed when tiller number declined significantly, but grain yield was not necessarily reduced because it was compensated for by more biomass production after heading and increased spikelet number per panicle. The two varieties with different tillering ability had similar responses to tiller reduction. Based on the two methods of tiller reduction used in this study, we conclude that a further increase in rice yield potential may not be possible by reducing or eliminating unproductive tillers. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
语种:
英文
展开
冷浸田条件下不同类型品种的表现和高产栽培方式研究
作者:
曾燕;黄敏;蒋鹏;邹应斌
期刊:
作物研究 ,2010年24(3):140-144 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌; 黄敏; 蒋鹏; 曾燕] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;栽培;产量;冷浸田
摘要:
2009年在宁乡县、桃源县、永兴县3地冷浸田条件下进行了品种筛选和不同栽培方式的比较试验。结果表明:(1)不同品种在3个地点产量表现基本一致,早稻以陆两优996和陵两优211表现较好,平均产量分别达到5.68 t/hm2和5.28 t/hm2,晚稻以钱优1号、天优华占和丰源优299表现较好,产量分别达到5.08,4.94和4.81 t/hm2;(2)不同栽培方式产量表现地点间不一致。桃源点早稻和晚稻以翻耕移栽和免耕抛栽产量较高,永兴点早稻免耕抛栽产量最高,晚稻以垄厢移栽产量最高,宁乡点早稻和晚稻都以翻耕移栽产量最高。
语种:
中文
展开
Improving nitrogen fertilization in rice by site-specific N management. A review
作者:
Peng, Shaobing* ;Buresh, Roland J.;Huang, Jianliang;Zhong, Xuhua;Zou, Yingbin;...
期刊:
Agronomy for Sustainable Development ,2010年30(3):649-656 ISSN:1774-0746
通讯作者:
Peng, Shaobing
作者机构:
[Peng, Shaobing; Buresh, Roland J.; Dobermann, Achim] Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, Manila, Philippines.;[Huang, Jianliang; Cui, Kehui] Huazhong Agr Univ, Crop Physiol & Prod Ctr, MOA Key Lab Huazhong Crop Physiol Ecol & Prod, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhong, Xuhua] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Zou, Yingbin; Tang, Qiyuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop Physiol Ecol & Prod Ctr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jianchang] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Agron, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Peng, Shaobing] I;Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, DAPO Box 7777, Manila, Philippines.
关键词:
site-specific nitrogen management;nitrogen use efficiency;grain yield;nitrogen response;rice;China
摘要:
Excessive nitrogen (N) application to rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop in China causes environmental pollution, increases the cost of rice farming, reduces grain yield and contributes to global warming. Scientists from the International Rice Research Institute have collaborated with partners in China to improve rice N fertilization through site-specific N management (SSNM) in China since 1997. Field experiments and demonstration trials were conducted initially in Zhejiang province and gradually expanded to Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Hubei and Heilongjiang provinces. On average, SSNM reduced N fertilizer by 32% and increased grain yield by 5% compared with farmers' N practices. The yield increase was associated with the reduction in insect and disease damage and improved lodging resistance of rice crop under the optimal N inputs. The main reason for poor fertilizer N use efficiency of rice crop in China is that most rice farmers apply too much N fertilizer, especially at the early vegetative stage. We observed about 50% higher indigenous N supply capacity in irrigated rice fields in China than in other major rice-growing countries. Furthermore, yield response of rice crop to N fertilizer application is low in China, around 1.5 t ha-1 on average. However, these factors were not considered by rice researchers and extension technicians in determining the N fertilizer rate for recommendation to rice farmers in China. After a decade of research on SSNM in China and other Asian rice-growing countries, we believe SSNM is a matured technology for improving both fertilizer N use efficiency and grain yield of rice crop. Our challenges are to further simplify the procedure of SSNM and to convince policy-makers of the effectiveness of this technology in order to facilitate a wider adoption of SSNM among rice farmers in China. © 2010 INRA, EDP Sciences.
语种:
英文
展开
Yield potential and radiation use efficiency of “super” hybrid rice grown under subtropical conditions
作者:
Zhang, Yunbo;Tang, Qiyuan;Zou, Yingbin;Li, Diqin;Qin, Jianquan;...
期刊:
Field Crops Research ,2009年114(1):91-98 ISSN:0378-4290
通讯作者:
Peng, Shaobing
作者机构:
[Xia, Bing; Zhang, Yunbo; Yang, Shenghai; Qin, Jianquan; Tang, Qiyuan; Zou, Yingbin; Li, Diqin; Chen, Lijun] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop Physiol Ecol & Prod Ctr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Shaobing] IRRI, Crop & Environm Sci Div, Manila, Philippines.;[Peng, Shaobing] IRRI, Crop & Environm Sci Div, DAPO Box 7777, Manila, Philippines.
通讯机构:
[Peng, Shaobing] I;IRRI, Crop & Environm Sci Div, DAPO Box 7777, Manila, Philippines.
关键词:
"Super" hybrid rice;Radiation use efficiency;Yield components;Yield potential
摘要:
China's "super" hybrid rice breeding project has developed many new varieties using a combination of the ideotype approach and intersubspecific heterosis. It is controversial whether these "super" hybrid varieties have increased the yield potential of irrigated rice. This study was conducted to compare grain yield and yield attributes among "super" hybrid, ordinary hybrid, and inbred varieties. Field experiments were done in Liuyang (moderate-yielding site) and Guidong (high-yielding site) counties, Hunan Province, China, in 2007 and 2008. Two varieties from each varietal group were grown in each field experiment under moderate and high N rates. Grain yield, yield components, aboveground total dry weight, harvest index, total N uptake, and crop radiation use efficiency (RUE) were measured for each variety. A significant difference in grain yield was observed among the varieties and varietal groups but not between the two N rates. "Super" hybrid varieties have increased rice yield potential by 12% compared with ordinary hybrid and inbred varieties. The higher grain yield of "super" hybrid varieties was attributed to improvement in both source and sink. "Super" hybrid varieties produced more biomass than ordinary hybrid and inbred varieties. Long growth duration and high accumulated incident radiation were partially responsible for high biomass production for the "super" hybrid varieties. "Super" hybrid varieties had significantly larger panicle size (spikelets per panicle) than ordinary hybrid and inbred varieties, which resulted in larger sink size (spikelets per m2). Crop RUE did not explain the yield superiority of "super" hybrid rice. Our study suggests that "super" hybrid rice varieties do not necessarily require more N fertilizer to produce high grain yield. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
语种:
英文
展开
Alleviation of Soil Aluminum Phytotoxicity in a Typical Paddy Soil in Southern China by Using Weak Organic Acids
作者:
Yang, Shuying;Zou, Yingbin;Liu, Xianghua
期刊:
Journal of Plant Nutrition ,2009年32(6):893-906 ISSN:0190-4167
通讯作者:
Liu, XH
作者机构:
[Yang, Shuying; Liu, Xianghua] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Shuying; Zou, Yingbin] Hunan Agr Univ, Rice Res Inst, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Shuying; Zou, Yingbin; Liu, Xianghua] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop Physiol & Mol Biol Lab, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Liu, XH ] ;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
aluminum toxicity amelioration;weak organic acid;root development;Oryza sativa
摘要:
Weak organic acids including tartaric and citric acids were applied to a typical paddy soil in southern China to test their effects on rice in the field for three years. Their effects were also compared with top dressings of the two acids, basal application of diammonium acid phosphate, calcium carbonate, and the control. The results showed that rice grain yield of the citric acid treatment was significantly higher than that of the control and the same difference was also observed for the filled spikelets per panicle. There were no significant difference among all the treatments and the control on the accumulation of above ground dry matter. However the root dry matter, length, peroxidase activity, and white root number of citric acid treatment were significantly higher than that of the control, while no significant differences among other treatments were observed. Basal application of citric acid played a positive role on this soil.
语种:
英文
展开
施N对超级杂交稻中后期根系活力和产量的影响
作者:
李迪秦;段春奇;秦建权;张运波;杨胜海;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2009年23(2):71-73 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[段春奇] 隆回县农业局;[雷恩; 陈立军; 邹应斌; 李迪秦; 唐启源; 杨胜海; 秦建权; 郑华斌; 张运波] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
超级稻;施肥;氮;根系活力;产量
摘要:
2007年采用不同的氮管理模式,在孕穗期、齐穗期及齐穗后15 d,对超级稻两优293进行根系活力测定.结果表明:不同的氮管理模式(FFP:农民习惯施肥模式,SSNM:实地氮管理模式,RTNM:实时氮管理模式)中,以采用SSNM模式和RTNM模式处理的根系活力最强,它们与同等氮施用量的FFP模式相比,其根系活力差异均达到显著水平;同样,相同氮施用量处理,采用不同氮管理模式,其产量也有显著差异.
语种:
中文
展开
Current Status and Challenges of Rice Production in China
作者:
Peng, Shaobing* ;Tang, Qiyuan;Zou, Yingbin
期刊:
Plant Production Science ,2009年12(1):3-8 ISSN:1343-943X
通讯作者:
Peng, Shaobing
作者机构:
[Peng, Shaobing] Int Rice Res Inst, Crop Environm Sci Div, Manila, Philippines.;[Peng, Shaobing; Tang, Qiyuan; Zou, Yingbin] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop Physiol Ecol & Prod Ctr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Peng, Shaobing] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Crop Physiol Ecol & Prod Ctr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Biotic and abiotic stresses;Crop improvement;Crop management;Grain yield;Rice research;Stress tolerance
摘要:
Rice production in China has more than tripled in the past five decades mainly due to increased grain yield rather than increased planting area. This increase has come from the development of high-yielding varieties and improved crop management practices such as nitrogen fertilization and irrigation. However, yield stagnation of rice has been observed in the past ten years in China. As its population rises, China will need to produce about 20% more rice by 2030 in order to meet its domestic needs if rice consumption per capita stays at the current level. This is not an easy task because several trends and problems in the Chinese rice production system constrain the sustainable increase in total rice production. Key trends include a decline in arable land, increasing water scarcity, global climate change, labor shortages, and increasing consumer demand for high-quality rice (which often comes from low-yielding varieties). The major problems confronting rice production in China are narrow genetic background, overuse of fertilizers and pesticides, breakdown of irrigation infrastructure, oversimplified crop management, and a weak extension system. Despite these challenges, good research strategies can drive increased rice production in China. These include the development of new rice varieties with high yield potential, improvement of resistances to major diseases and insects, and to major abiotic stresses such as drought and heat, and the establishment of integrated crop management. We believe that a sustainable increase in rice production is achievable in China with the development of new technology through rice research.
语种:
英文
展开
超级杂交稻“三定”栽培技术研究与应用
作者:
邹应斌;夏胜平;夏冰
期刊:
中国科技成果 ,2009年10(20):7-9 ISSN:1009-5659
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,湖南,长沙,410128;湖南省水稻研究所,湖南,长沙,410125
关键词:
超级杂交稻;栽培技术;施肥方法
摘要:
通过连续8年多点联合试验研究和大面积生产示范,揭示了超级杂交稻高产与氮高效利用的规律,明确了超级杂交稻多穗高产栽培的思路,提出了超级杂交稻因地定产、依产定苗、测苗定氮(三定)栽培技术,其中测苗定量施肥方法能够在大田尺度应用,是我国施肥方法的新发展.研究成果整体达到国际同类研究先进水平,在湖南省及其周边地区超级杂交稻生产中具有重要的应用价值.
语种:
中文
展开
种子包衣肥对直播晚稻秧苗生长及生化指标的影响
作者:
熊海蓉;祝红福;熊远福;邹应斌;文祝友;...
期刊:
耕作与栽培 ,2009年(2):9-10+35 ISSN:1008-2239
作者机构:
湖南农业大学分析测试中心;湖南农业大学理学院,湖南,长沙,410128;湖南农业大学农学院;湖南农业大学动物科技学院;[熊海蓉; 朱滔; 文祝友; 邹应斌; 熊远福; 祝红福; 胡存颜] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
肥料;种子包衣肥;杂交晚稻;苗素质;生化指标;直播
摘要:
2006—2008年通过测定被种子包衣肥处理后直播晚稻秧苗的出苗率、成秧率、苗高、总根数、白根数、单位干重等苗素质与根系活力、N、P、K含量、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量和叶绿素SPAD值等生化指标,研究种子包衣肥对直播杂交晚稻秧苗生长及生化指标的影响。结果表明:晚稻种子按1:50、1:70、1:90包衣比用种子包衣肥包衣处理之后,除出苗率略低于ck外,三种包衣处理的苗素质和生化指标都优于ck;其中1:90包衣处理在单位干重、K含量分别提高了10.3%、9.2%,达到了显著差异;在成秧率、单株总根数、单株白根数、根系活力、N含量、P含量、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、叶绿素SPDA值分别比ck提高了6.3%、10.6%、46.6、5.5%、8.6%、20.4%、59.4%、43.1%、12.7%,达到了极显著差异。说明种子包衣肥能促进秧苗生长、提高秧苗成活率、根系活力和植株抗逆境能力;也能促进干物质积累,提高水稻质量与产量。
语种:
中文
展开
不同施肥量对超级杂交稻群体质量与产量形成的影响
作者:
王淑红;邹应斌;李小湘;敖和军;刘武;...
期刊:
农业现代化研究 ,2009年30(5):606-610 ISSN:1000-0275
作者机构:
[李小湘; 王淑红] 湖南省水稻研究所;湖南农业大学农学院;[邹应斌; 刘武; 敖和军; 程兆伟] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
超级杂交稻;肥料用量;产量;群体质量
摘要:
2004-2005年在长沙大田栽培条件下,以准两优527和两优293为材料,研究了低肥(N 135kg/hm~2、P 29.7kg/hm~2、K 112.1kg/hm~2)、中肥(N 180kg/hm~2、P 39.6kg/hm~2、K 149.4kg/hm~2)、高肥(N 225kg/hm~2、P 49.5kg/hm~2、K 186.8kg/hm~2)对超级杂交稻产量、产量构成和某些栽培生理指标的影响.结果表明:(1)产量及有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率等各施肥量处理间的差异不显著,但两年间的差异显著;(2)总干物质重与产量呈高度正相关,其相关系数准两优527为0.9377**,两优293为0.8630**;(3)某些栽培生理指标的品种间差异明显,其中两优293叶面积指数大、分蘖能力强,前中期干物质生产优势明显,但分蘖成穗率不高.准两优527前中期生长平稳,分蘖成穗率高,后期干物质生产优势明显,但抗倒伏能力弱.
语种:
中文
展开
品种与播期对齐穗期水稻群体光能截获量和干物质垂直分布的影响
作者:
李迪秦;秦建权;张运波;杨胜海;彭少兵;...
期刊:
核农学报 ,2009年23(5):858-863 ISSN:1000-8551
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[彭少兵] 国际水稻研究所;[邹应斌; 李迪秦; 唐启源; 杨胜海; 秦建权; 张运波] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
播期;品种;太阳光辐射;消光系数;干物质;垂直分布
摘要:
为探讨不同类型水稻品种和播期对水稻群体光能截获量及干物质垂直分布的影响,以超级杂交稻、普通杂交稻和常规稻的3个品种为材料进行研究,结果表明:无论是品种还是播期,至齐穗期水稻群体各高度层的干物质积累量都表现出20 cm以下>80 cm以上>20~40 cm>40~60 cm>60~80 cm;品种间表现为汕优63(V2)>两优293(V1)>扬稻6号(V3).水稻群体消光系数(K)在同一播期的不同品种之间表现出汕优63(V2)>两优293(V1)>扬稻6号(V3),相同品种不同的播期之间表现出播期2(S2)>播期1(S1)>播期3(S3)的变化规律.
语种:
中文
展开
超级杂交稻干物质生产特点与产量稳定性研究
作者:
敖和军;王淑红;邹应斌;彭少兵;唐启源;...
期刊:
中国农业科学 ,2008年41(7):1927-1936 ISSN:0578-1752
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128,中国;湖南省水稻研究所,长沙,410125,中国;Crop and Environmental Sciences Division,International Rice Research Institute,Metro Manila,Philippines;湖南省桂东县农业科学研究所,湖南郴州,423503,中国;湖南省南县农业局,湖南益阳,413200,中国
关键词:
超级杂交稻;产量稳定性;干物质生产;肥料用量
摘要:
[目的]探明超级杂交稻在不同种植地点和不同施肥量条件下的产量表现及干物质生产特点.[方法]于2004-2005年在湖南省桂东、长沙、衡阳,南县和永州5个地点进行大田试验,按照N:P_20_5,:K_20为1:0.5:1的比例,设置3种施肥量处理(135,180、225 kg N·ha~(-1)),田间采用随机区组排列,4次重复,以超级杂交稻组合准两优527和两优293为试验材料.[结果]超级杂交稻收获产量以桂东点产量最高,地点问差异显著,其中准两优527平均为7 492.3~12 209.2 kg·ha~(-1),两优293为6 984.0~11 679.5 kg·ha~(-1).产量构成因子和干物质生产量的地点间变化与收获产量一致,但在同一地点的不同施肥量处理问收获产量和干物质生产量差异均不显著.收获产量与单位面积穗数、结实率和千粒重表现为正相关,而与每穗粒数表现为负相关.[结论]超级杂交稻存在适宜的种植区域,且在施肥量为135~225 kg N·ha~(-1)的范围内,施肥量不是超高产栽培的限制因子.超级杂交稻的库容量大,提高结实率和粒重是获得超高产的可能途径.
语种:
中文
展开
不同施肥水平下超级杂交稻对氮、磷、钾的吸收累积
作者:
敖和军;王淑红;邹应斌;彭少兵;程兆伟;...
期刊:
中国农业科学 ,2008年41(10):3123-3132 ISSN:0578-1752
作者机构:
[敖和军; 王淑红; 邹应斌; 程兆伟; 刘武; 唐启源] 湖南农业大学农学院;湖南省水稻研究所;[彭少兵] 国际水稻研究所
关键词:
超级杂交稻;产量;施肥量;养分利用率
摘要:
【目的】探索超级杂交稻对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收利用规律。【方法】于2004年和2005年,选用超级杂交稻品种准两优527和两优293为供试材料,在湖南省5个不同水稻种植生态区进行田间小区试验,研究在农民实际平均施肥量及分别减少和增加25%施肥量条件下,超级杂交稻抽穗期和成熟期植株体内的氮、磷、钾养分含量和吸收积累规律。【结果】无论在抽穗期,还是成熟期,不同施肥水平条件下水稻植株体内氮、磷、钾养分的含量均无显著差异,其在不同地点间的变化幅度低于相应的水稻产量和养分吸收量;养分吸收量差异主要由单位面积干物质生产量不同所引起。在不同施肥水平下,随着产量升高,氮、磷、钾收获指数呈上升趋势,但生产单位稻谷所需养分量呈下降趋势。在产量最高的桂东点,其植株体内氮、磷、钾养分含量和积累量均处于中等水平。【结论】采用多次施肥,不同施肥水平(135~225 kg N·ha~(-1)、29.7~49.5kg P·ha~(-1)、112.1~186.8 kg K·ha~(-1))对超级杂交稻株体内的氮、磷、钾养分吸收积累影响不明显;随着产量的提高,超级杂交稻对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收利用率也可提高,从而实现高产与养分高效利用的协调统一。
语种:
中文
展开
移栽密度和施氮量对天优华占干物质生产及产量的影响
作者:
詹可;莫亚丽;蒋鹏;黄敏;邹应斌
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):278-281 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌; 黄敏; 莫亚丽; 蒋鹏; 詹可] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;栽培;施肥;氮肥
摘要:
在湖南长沙和郴州,以天优华占为材料,研究了不同移栽密度(每公顷37.0万穴和22.2万穴)和不同施氮量(每公顷0,120,165和210 kg)条件下,超高产水稻干物质生产积累与产量形成。结果表明:相同移栽密度下,施氮可提高超高产水稻在齐穗期和成熟期的干物积累量及产量,但各施氮处理间没有显著差异。施氮还会降低收获指数。施氮对产量构成的影响存在地区间差异,在长沙增施氮肥增加了有效穗数、颖花数和千粒重,而在郴州主要是增加了有效穗数。
语种:
中文
展开
氮肥用量和移栽密度对超级早稻产量及某些生理指标的影响
作者:
刘武;黄林;谢明德;程兆伟;莫亚丽;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):254-258+262 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;株洲市农业科学研究所;常德市农业科学研究所;[谢明德] 郴州市农业科学研究所;[黄林] 常德市农林科学研究院
关键词:
早稻;栽培;施肥
摘要:
为了探讨氮肥用量与插秧密度对超级早稻产量的影响,2007年在长沙、常德、郴州进行了大田栽培联合试验。结果表明不同施肥量处理间产量及有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率、收获指数等产量构成因素差异显著.中早22产量与施氮量呈单峰曲线,以150kg/hm^2施氮量处理的产量最高(长沙7.5t/hm^2,常德9.4t/hm^2).在0~150kg/hm^2的施氮范围内增产效应最明显;陆两优996产量随施氮量增加而增加,以195kg/hm^2施氮量处理的产量最高。在30×10^4~36×10^4穴/hm^2的密度范围内,穗数与每穗粒数之间具有良好的互补性,因而密度间产量差异未达显著水平。本试验条件下,氮肥和栽插密度对产量的互作效应不显著。
语种:
中文
展开
双季超级稻产量和氮磷钾吸收的基因型差异
作者:
邹应斌;陈玉枚;徐国生;张正良;夏冰;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):225-229 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[陈玉枚] 衡阳市农业科学研究所;[徐国生] 益阳市农业科学研究所;[张正良] 岳阳市农业科学研究所;[夏冰; 邹应斌; 莫亚丽; 刘武; 程兆伟; 詹可] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
超级稻;栽培;养分吸收
摘要:
为了探讨超级早稻和晚稻的产量构成和氮磷钾吸收的基因型差异,2007年在湖南省衡阳市、益阳市和岳阳市进行了不同品种的大田栽培试验.结果表明地点间和品种间的产量差异显著,其中:地点间产量以岳阳点较高,平均产量早稻为7.95 t/hm2,晚稻为7.86 t/hm2;品种间产量早稻以陆两优996和中嘉早32最高,平均产量分别为8.03和7.91 t/hm2,晚稻以钱优1号和天优华占产量较高,产量分别达到7.69和7.55 t/hm2.成熟期植株NPK含量和吸收量的品种间差异显著,但与产量的高低不相关.单位产量(1 000 kg稻谷)的NPK养分需要量分别为15.0~18.9,3.29~5.17和13.6~16.49 kg.
语种:
中文
展开
不同氮肥施用对杂交稻产量及其氮素利用效率的影响
作者:
邹应斌;敖和军;夏冰;唐启源;彭少兵
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):214-219 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;国际水稻研究所生理、水分与土壤科学系,马尼拉,DAPO Box,7777;[夏冰; 邹应斌; 敖和军; 唐启源] 湖南农业大学;[Roland J Buresh; 彭少兵] 国际水稻研究所
关键词:
水稻;施肥;氮肥;农学利用率
摘要:
为了探讨氮肥施用量和施用方法对杂交稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响,2001~2003年在湖南省宁乡县回龙铺镇进行了大田栽培试验.结果表明:改进施氮处理的氮肥用量为100~120 kg/hm2,比农民习惯施肥减少38.9%~47.6%,产量增加0.48~1.48 t/hm2,增幅6.32%~27.3%,减氮增产的效果显著;获得最高产量的适宜氮肥用量为99~147.5 kg/hm2,成熟期氮素吸收量为146.9~194.3 kg/hm2.改进的施氮处理AEN平均为10.6~14.3 kg/kg,比农民习惯施肥增加7.0~10.7 kg/kg;PFPN平均为65.2~96.8 kg/kg,比农民的习惯施肥增加34.1~65.7 kg/kg;REN平均为68.5%~76.2%,比农民习惯施肥增加14.1%~21.8%,增幅均达到显著或极显著水平.分析了氮肥用量对植株干物质在茎秆、叶片和稻穗分配的影响,讨论了植株后期对氮素的奢侈吸收而导致减产的可能性.
语种:
中文
展开
早稻中嘉早32“三定”栽培技术
作者:
邹应斌
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):285-287 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
早稻;栽培;中嘉早32
摘要:
介绍了双季早稻中嘉早32的栽培特性及技术要点。根据因地定产、依产定苗、测苗定氮的栽培原理,提出了以适量播种、宽行匀植、测苗施肥、干湿灌溉、综防病虫等技术配套应用的“三定”栽培技术规范,以及直播栽培的技术要点。
语种:
中文
展开
栽培方式对双季超级稻产量及干物质积累的影响
作者:
蒋鹏;詹可;莫亚丽;黄敏;邹应斌
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):270-274 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌; 黄敏; 莫亚丽; 蒋鹏; 詹可] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
超级稻;栽培;产量;干物质
摘要:
2008年在湖南农业大学(长沙)和浏阳市永安镇以超级稻为材料,进行了不同栽培方式的大田比较试验。结果表明:(1)栽培方式对超级稻有效穗数有显著影响,各处理以免耕摆栽的有效穗最多,早稻为280.14万~308.49万/hm^2。晚稻为378.31万~416.53万/hm^2;(2)栽培方式对超级稻干物质积累量有显著影响.“三定”栽培前期干物质积累较慢,但抽穗后干物质积累多和转运效率高.其中早稻提高12.51%,晚稻提高10.20%~18.07%;(3)栽培方式对超级稻产量及其产量构成有显著影响.各处理以“三定”栽培产量最高,早稻为6.94~7.21t/hm^2,晚稻为9.23~9.86t/hm^2,其高产的原因与每穗总粒数增加有关。
语种:
中文
展开
不同耕作方式对超级杂交稻剑叶生理指标和籽粒灌浆特性的影响
作者:
莫亚丽;蒋鹏;詹可;黄敏;邹应斌
期刊:
作物研究 ,2008年22(4):235-238,242 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌; 黄敏; 莫亚丽; 蒋鹏; 詹可] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;耕作方式;生理特性;产量
摘要:
在前4年定位试验的基础上,2008年在长沙继续进行了翻耕移栽、翻耕直播、免耕移栽和免耕直播的大田比较试验,探讨了免耕和翻耕条件下直播稻和移栽稻的剑叶生理指标和籽粒灌浆特性,结果表明无论是免耕还是翻耕,直播稻和移栽稻的剑叶过氧化物酶活性都不同,可溶性蛋白质含量先上升后下降,四种耕作方式的可溶性糖含量下降趋势相差不大,膜脂过氧化的产物丙二醛含量在齐穗后25 d显著上升.与翻耕稻比较,免耕水稻表现出叶片衰老延缓和籽粒干物质积累增加.
语种:
中文
展开