作者机构：
遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院, 贵州遵义 563000;湖南农业大学农学院 / 国家油料改良中心湖南分中心, 湖南长沙 410128;湖南农业大学农学院 / 国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙,410128;[冯韬; 谭晖] College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University / National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China;[官春云; 官梅] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University / National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Guan, C.-Y.] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University / National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan, China
关键词：
甘蓝型油菜;可变剪接;插入突变
摘要：
甘蓝型油菜品系XY881和XY883是湘油15辐照诱变后连续自交筛选的2个种子含油量、光合效率和弱光敏感性等有明显差别的子代品系。分别从XY881和XY883中克隆了芸薹素唑抗性因子1（brassinazole-resistant1,BnaBZR1）和光敏色素互作因子4 （phytochrome interacting factor 4, BnaPIF4）基因并进行了序列结构、表达和功能分析。结果表明, XY883的BnaBZR1和BnaPIF4基因存在结构变异,引起表达和调控模式的差异。XY883中BnaBZR1的启动子具有124 bp的富含A/T的插入序列,且XY883具有比XY881高的BnaBZR1表达,并且在弱光和2,4-表油菜素内酯（2,4-BL）诱导下具有较少的表达变化。XY883中BnaPIF4的5’-UTR区域存在可变剪接,形成长度分别为424bp （U01）、239 bp （U02）和332 bp （U03）的3种5’-UTR,在弱光和2,4-BL诱导下, XY883中3种可变剪接的BnaPIF4转录产物的变化不一致。将BnaPIF4的3个5’-UTR与CDS分别组合转化拟南芥后其表达在转录水平无明显差异,但蛋白翻译存在明显差异,表明BnaPIF4的5’-UTR变异影响其翻译过程。转BnaPIF4基因拟南芥出现株高增加、叶片狭长且光合作用下降的表型,共转化BnaBZR1能减弱BnaPIF4造成的光合作用下降;转BnaPIF4和BnaBZR1基因对油菜的影响与拟南芥相似,但表型不如拟南芥明显,表明BnaPIF4是油菜光合作用的负调控因子,而BnaBZR1可对BnaPIF4的光合负调控产生拮抗;这与XY881和XY883中两基因表达调控模式及其光合表型相吻合。
摘要：
A fundamental problem facing deep neural networks is that they require a large amount of data to keep the system efficient in complex applications. Promising results of this problem are made possible by using techniques such as data enhancement or transfer learning in large data sets. However, when the application provides limited or unbalanced data, the problem persists. In addition, the number of false positives generated by deep model training has a significant negative impact on system performance. This study aims to solve the problem of false positives and class imbalances by implementing an improved filter library framework for Cole pest identification. The system consists of three main units: First, the primary diagnostic unit (boundary box generator) generates a bounding box containing the location of the infected area and class. Then, the promising box belonging to each category is used as an input to the secondary diagnostic unit (CNN filter bank) for verification. In the second unit, the misclassified samples are filtered by training for each category of independent CNN classifiers. The result of the CNN filter bank is to determine if a target belongs to the category because it is detected (true) or no (false), otherwise. Finally, an integrated unit combines the information of the autonomous unit and the secondary unit in the future while maintaining a true positive sample and eliminating false positives of misclassification in the first unit. By this implementation, the recognition rate of this method is about 96%, which is 13% higher than our previous work in the complex task of Cole disease and pest identification. In addition, our system is able to handle false positives generated by bounding box generators and class imbalances that occur on data sets with limited data.
摘要：
为了探究甘蓝型油菜BnaFUS3基因的非生物胁迫表达,以甘蓝型油菜‘湘油15’为供试材料,当油菜长成至6片真叶时期,对其进行6-BA、干旱、高温、低温、胁迫、水渍等逆境胁迫处理。结果表明BnaFUS3的两个拷贝在不同的逆境胁迫处理下其表达也不同。6-BA、干旱和高温处理下BnaA2.FUS3和BnaA6.FUS3的表达量均升高,说明能够诱导和促进BnaFUS3基因的表达,其中6-BA对BnaA6.FUS3的诱导大于BnaA2.FUS3,而在干旱条件下,24 h内BnaA2.FUS3的表达均大于BnaA6.FUS3,说明干旱对BnaA2.FUS3的诱导作用大于BnaA6.FUS3。盐胁迫、低温环境下抑制BnaFUS3的表达;ABA和水渍对BnaFUS3的表达影响波动较大,其中水渍条件下6~12 h内,BnaFUS3表达开始上调,说明此时BnaFUS3表达升高以应对环境;此外,温度的突然大变化,短时间内会抑制BnaFUS3的表达。本研究结果为进一步研究BnaFUS3功能与逆境胁迫的关系提供参考,对油菜品种改良也具有重要意义。 <&wdkj&>In order to explore the abiotic stress expression of BnaFUS3 gene in Brassica napus, 'Xiangyou15' was used as the experimental material. When the rape grows to the 6th leaf stage, it was subjected to stress treatment. The results showed that the expression of two copies of BnaFUS3 was different in different stress conditions. 6-BA, drought and high temperature could induce and promote the expression of BnaFUS3 gene. The induction of BnaA6.FUS3 by 6-BA was greater than BnaA2.FUS3, and the induction of BnaA2.FUS3 was greater than BnaA6.FUS3 in drought. The expression of BnaFUS3 was inhibited under salt stress and low temperature environment. The influence of water logging and ABA on the expression of BnaFUS3 fluctuates. In addition, sudden large changes in temperature will inhibit the expression of BnaFUS3 in a short time. The results of this study provide reference for further study on the relationship between BnaFUS3 function and stress, and are of great significance to the improvement of rape varieties.
摘要：
Combining ability is crucial for parent selection in crop hybrid breeding. Many studies have attempted to provide reliable and quick methods to identify genome regions in parental lines correlating with improved hybrid performance. The local haplotype patterns surrounding densely spaced DNA markers include a large amount of genetic information, and analysis of the relationships between haplotypes and hybrid performance can provide insight into the underlying genome regions which might contribute to enhancing combining ability. Here, we generated 24,403 single-copy, genome-wide SNP loci and calculated the general combining ability (GCA) of 950 hybrids from a diverse panel of 475 pollinators of spring-type canola inbred lines crossed with two testers for days to flowering (DTF) and seed glucosinolate content (GSL). We performed a genome-wide analysis of the haplotypes and detected eight and seven haplotype regions that were significantly associated with the GCA values for DTF and seed GSL, respectively. Additionally, two haplotype blocks containing orthologs of flowering time genes FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) on chromosome A02 showed additive epistatic interactions influencing flowering time. Moreover, two homoeologous haplotype regions on chromosomes A02 and C02 corresponded to major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GSL which showed additive effects related to reduction of seed GSL in F1 hybrids. Our study showed that haplotype analysis has the potential to substantially improve the efficiency of hybrid breeding programs.
