光合作用合成相关差异蛋白对应基因在高油酸油菜近等基因系中表达规律研究
作者:
王晓丹;肖钢;张振乾;官春云;陈社员;...
期刊:
西南农业学报 ,2017年30(7):1483-1487 ISSN:1001-4829
作者机构:
[王晓丹; 肖钢; 张振乾; 官春云; 陈社员; 邬贤梦; 张诗远] 湖南农业大学农学院, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
实时荧光定量PCR;光合作用;高油酸油菜
摘要:
【目的】本文探索了光合作用相关基因表达与蛋白表达之间的关系,加速高油酸油菜育种进程。【方法】以高油酸油菜近等基因系出苗后7 d、5~6叶期和越冬期的叶片、花瓣和授粉后20 ~35 d的种子及角果皮为材料,利用定量PCR方法研究9个iTRAQ分析得到的差异蛋白对应基因在不同生育期表达规律。【结果】在出苗后7 d、花期和授粉后20~35 d,高油酸油菜的光合作用能力低于低油酸油菜;5 ~6叶期、越冬期高油酸油菜的光合作用能力高于低油酸油菜。gi1515616基因在高油酸油菜出苗后7 d去根材料及低油酸油菜5 ~6叶期、越冬期叶片和授粉后20 ~35d角果皮中不表达,在花、授粉后20 ~35d种子中均不表达。gil 297853098, gil297825149和gi l312282567基因及gi 150313237和gi l79475768基因分别具有相同的表达规律。gi 1297825149基因在高油酸油菜角果皮中是唯一上调表达基因。gi l312282897基因在高油酸油菜出苗后7 d去根材料为唯一上调表达基因。【结论】这些基因可作为高油酸油菜育种材料筛选的参考基因,加快育种进程。
语种:
中文
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BnFAD2、BnFAD3和BnFATB基因的共干扰对油菜种子脂肪酸组分的影响
作者:
刘芳;刘睿洋;官春云
期刊:
植物遗传资源学报 ,2017年18(2):290-297 ISSN:1672-1810
作者机构:
[刘芳; 刘睿洋; 官春云] 湖南农业大学农学院 /国家油料改良中心湖南分中心, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
油菜种子;油酸
摘要:
甘蓝型油菜是一种重要的油料作物,为了改良其种子脂肪酸组分,提升其经济价值,本研究分析了油菜种子发育时期脂肪酸合成积累模式及BnFAD2、BnFAD3、BnFATB基因的表达规律,认为这3个基因在种子发育中后期(授粉后25 d起)的高效表达对油酸合成积累有着重要影响。通过Napin启动子诱导对油菜植株中BnFAD2、BnFAD3、BnFATB基因进行 RNAi共干扰抑制,以达到提升油酸含量的目的。试验结果表明,转基因油菜种子中BnFAD2、BnFAD3、BnFATB基因的表达受到强烈抑制,种子中油酸含量由66. 76%提升至82. 98% ,且油脂合成的相关基因同步出现表达上调。
语种:
中文
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基于高光谱的冬油菜植株种子脂肪酸成分研究
作者:
程潜;肖钢;张振乾;陈浩;王悦;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2017年31(3):265-271 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院/南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙,410128;[官春云; 肖钢; 陈浩; 张振乾; 王悦; 程潜] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
油菜;脂肪酸;高光谱遥感技术;监测模型
摘要:
以3个甘蓝型油菜品系为研究对象,采用地物波谱仪测定盛花期冠层光谱,气相色谱法测定成熟种子脂肪酸成分,研究两者之间的关系。通过将3个品系油菜分别与一阶光谱参数做相关性分析,发现在5种脂肪酸成分当中,其特征敏感波段和差值植被指数均达到显著水平以上,说明它们之间具一定预测精度。将3个油菜品系结合到一起分析,发现其特征光谱参数和差值植被指数仍达到显著水平以上。在利用特征波段拟合的两自变量模型和差值植被指数建立的数学模型中,多数脂肪酸达到了显著水平,因此可利用油菜冠层光谱为油菜品质育种研究提供参考,为区域尺度油菜生长的快速、无损遥感监测菜籽脂肪酸成分提供参考。
语种:
中文
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不同栽培方式对高油酸油菜的影响
作者:
李斌;肖楠;张振乾;王悦;陈浩;...
期刊:
湖南农业科学 ,2017年(4):32-35 ISSN:1006-060X
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南 长沙 410128;[李斌; 官春云; 肖楠; 陈浩; 张振乾; 王悦] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
农艺性状;高油酸油菜;经济性状
摘要:
通过高油酸油菜780的不同田间栽培对比试验,采用完全随机试验法对油菜的生物学性状、经济学性状以及品质性状进行研究。试验结果显示,最优的栽培方式为复合DP1W机除和有机DP1W机除,即施复合肥80 kg/667m2,或施有机肥720 kg/667m2,直播,1万株/667m2,机械除草方式。以这两种方式栽培油菜,经济性状好,单株产量高,折合产量分别可达130.17和128.83 kg/667m2。
语种:
中文
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油菜钵体苗移栽栽植孔成型机设计与试验
作者:
向伟;吴明亮;官春云;贺一鸣;罗海峰;...
期刊:
农业机械学报 ,2017年48(10):40-48,58 ISSN:1000-1298
通讯作者:
Wu, Mingliang(mlwu@hunau.edu.cn)
作者机构:
[吴明亮; 罗海峰; 贺一鸣; 向伟; 颜波] College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[官春云] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[吴明亮; 罗海峰; 官春云; 贺一鸣; 向伟; 颜波] Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
油菜;移栽;栽植孔;成孔机构
摘要:
为实现打穴式移栽机高效成型满足农艺要求栽植孔,基于打孔移栽作业的工作特点,融合油菜移栽农艺要求,设计了一种纯滚动式油菜移栽栽植孔成型机。通过分析纯滚动机构运动机理,研究成孔机构的运动参数方程,建立成型栽植孔的参数方程。采用Matlab软件生成栽植孔理论轮廓线,并生成成型栽植孔的外形图,运用CATIA软件进行仿真分析得出成型栽植孔的轮廓曲线图,并将上述图形进行拟合模拟,验证了成孔机构结构参数与运动参数的合理性。试制样机,进行田间试验,试验结果表明:机具以慢2挡工作状态下前进速度为1.80~1.96km/h,作业效率达到0.306~0.333hm~2/h,在黏土、壤土和砂土3种土壤中试验,其成孔的平均合格率分别达到了94.4%、93.3%、90.4%,表明研制的成孔机能成型满足设计要求的栽植孔。
语种:
中文
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甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系1193A的选育及分析
作者:
尹明智;官春云
期刊:
西南农业学报 ,2017年30(9):1947-1953 ISSN:1001-4829
作者机构:
[尹明智; 官春云] 湖南农业大学/国家油料改良中心湖南分中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
甘蓝型油菜;新疆野生油菜;细胞质雄性不育系;花药败育
摘要:
【目的】细胞质雄性不育系统是当前利用油菜杂种优势的主要途径,也是最重要的授粉控制系统之一,而利用远源杂交引入近源种胞质来获得异源细胞质雄性不育是发掘新型胞质雄性不育系和提高雄性不育育性稳定性的有效手段。【方法】本研究以新疆野生油菜与甘蓝型油菜湘油15号属间杂种后代为基础,通过多代回交育成了不育性稳定的油菜细胞质雄性不育系1993A。【结果】研究表明不育系1193A自交不结实,异交结实正常,具有典型的不育性状,恢保关系比较表明其与pol CMS具有不同的恢保关系,败育的时期主要发生在单核花粉期,在花药败育过程中绒毡层出现径向肥大和液泡化,挤压小孢子,最终导致花药败育。【结论】该油菜细胞质雄性不育系1993A不育性稳定彻底,与pol CMS是不同的细胞质雄性不育系。
语种:
中文
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甘蓝型油菜PPR家族生物信息学分析与新疆野生油菜候选育性基因克隆
作者:
谭晖;官春云
期刊:
作物研究 ,2017年31(3):246-255 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院/国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,长沙,410128;[官春云; 谭晖] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
新疆野生油菜;生物信息学;育性;基因克隆
摘要:
通过隐马尔可夫模型从甘蓝型油菜基因组中获取1079条PPR家族蛋白序列,使用拟南芥PPR家族特征模型对其进行分类,同时进行聚类、染色体分布、亚细胞定位预测、功能注释等分析.结合不育系与恢复系分子标记筛选了定位于C09染色体的PPR基因GSBRNA2T00094406001(命名为BnPPR_C09)为新疆野生油菜潜在育性调节基因.通过分子克隆的方法从新疆野生油菜不育系1193A和恢复系1193R中分别克隆获得了长度为2514bp的cDNA序列,序列分析显示来源于1193A的BnPPR_C09基因(BnPPR_C09b)相对源于1193R的BnPPR_C09a在+ 1725 bp位置存在单碱基缺失,造成移码突变,二者预测蛋白的生物信息学分析显示BnPPR_C09b蛋白的N端因为移码突变导致翻译过程在+ 1800位置终止,后续大量功能元件缺失,该位点的突变可能决定新疆野生油菜育性.
语种:
中文
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甘蓝型油菜种质苗期氮素营养效率的鉴定与评价
作者:
邹小云;刘宝林;宋来强;官春云
期刊:
中国油料作物学报 ,2017年39(1):69-77 ISSN:1007-9084
作者机构:
江西省农业科学院作物研究所, 江西省农业科学院油料作物重点实验室, 江西, 南昌, 330200;湖南农业大学油料作物研究所, 国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[邹小云; 刘宝林; 宋来强] 江西省农业科学院作物研究所, 江西省农业科学院油料作物重点实验室, 江西, 南昌, 330200;[官春云] 湖南农业大学油料作物研究所, 国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
甘蓝型油菜;种质;氮素营养效率;氮素吸收效率;氮素利用效率;鉴定与评价
摘要:
为建立快速简便高效的油菜氮素营养效率的鉴定与评价方法,温室盆栽条件下设置土壤低氮(0.05g/kg)、中氮(0.2g/kg)和高氮(0.3g/kg) 3个水平,测定了75份不同生态类型甘蓝型油菜种质的苗期形态性状及氮素吸收效率(NAE)和氮素利用效率(NUE)。结果表明:苗期各性状在不同氮素水平下对氮的敏感性不同,3个不同氮处理水平下单株根表面积的变异程度均表现为最大,低氮胁迫加大了种质间的差异。油菜种质氮素营养效率间存在明显的基因型差异,表现为高效和低效的较少,表现中效类型的种质最多;NAE和NUE间的相关性未达显著水平。以NAE作为氮素营养效率指标来鉴定与评价种质间苗期氮素营养效率差异应选择在低氮处理下,以单株地上干重和根冠比为间接指标进行选择效果明显。以NUE作为氮素营养效率指标来鉴定与评价种质间苗期氮素营养效率差异应选择在高氮处理下,以单株地上干重为间接指标进行选择效果明显。
语种:
中文
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Integrative analysis of carbon structure and carbon sink function for major crop production in China’s typical agriculture regions
作者:
She, Wei;Wu, Yao;Huang, Huang;Chen, Zhongdu;Cui, Guoxian;...
期刊:
Journal of Cleaner Production ,2017年162:702-708 ISSN:0959-6526
通讯作者:
Guan, Chunyun;Chen, Fu
作者机构:
[Zheng, Huabing; Guan, Chunyun; Cui, Guoxian; Huang, Huang; She, Wei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Huabing; Guan, Chunyun; Huang, Huang; She, Wei] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crop Southern, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Fu; Wu, Yao; Chen, Zhongdu] China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Fu; Wu, Yao; Chen, Zhongdu] Minist Agr China, Key Lab Farming Syst, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Guan, Chunyun] H;[Chen, Fu] C;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Carbon structure;Carbon sink function;Crop production;Typical agriculture region
摘要:
Crop production not only creates economic values, but also has ecological functions. The carbon sink function of crops plays an important role in mitigating climate changes. This paper collected and analyzed the carbon cost data of staple crops in China, estimated the carbon sink and carbon source effects of farmlands, and quantitatively evaluated the carbon inputs and outputs of crop production systems. The results showed that the carbon footprints of crops in six typical agriculture regions were quite different, and the major crops production showed as carbon sinks in general. The carbon sequestration of different crops in the same region were significantly different, as well as the same crop in different regions. China's farmland ecosystem showed carbon sequestration effect: the total annual net carbon sink of three major crops, rice, wheat, and corn, was about 165.76 TgC, of which rice was the highest, accounting for 48.71%. This study also proposed the key ways for energy conservation and emission reduction of crop production in every region, and suggested the technology direction for improving carbon sink function. This study provided important basis for policy formulation and planning about the low-carbon agriculture development in China. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
语种:
英文
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氮肥追施时期对油菜产量、效益及氮素吸收利用的影响
作者:
刘宝林;邹小云;宋来强;官春云
期刊:
江西农业学报 ,2017年29(11):29-32 ISSN:1001-8581
作者机构:
湖南农业大学 油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心,湖南 长沙,410128;湖南农业大学 油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心,湖南 长沙 410128;江西省农业科学院 作物研究所,江西 南昌 330200;江西省农业科学院 作物研究所,江西 南昌,330200
关键词:
油菜;追施时期;产量;效益;氮素吸收和利用
摘要:
为推荐双季稻区油菜合理施肥时期,以中熟偏早油菜品种"赣油杂5号"为试验材料,于2010~2011年通过大田试验研究氮肥不同追施时期对油菜产量、效益及氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明:不同追施时期条件下,N_(150)处理下仅追施1次氮肥的平均株高要高于N_(180)处理下仅追施1次氮肥的平均株高,而N_(150)处理下追施2次氮肥的平均株高要低于N180处理下追施2次氮肥的平均株高;多次追施比一次性全部追施油菜籽粒含油量高。N_(150)水平下各处理籽粒产量之间的差异均未达显著水平。在N_(180)水平下,腊肥+薹肥追施时期处理与其他增施腊肥处理籽粒产量之间的差异未达显著水平外,与其他处理均达显著水平,腊肥+薹肥处理油菜籽粒产量最高,效益最好;苗肥+薹肥追施时期处理的氮肥利用率、氮肥农学利用率、氮素吸收效率都最高。此外,双季稻区油菜生产第一次氮肥追施可适当延后。
语种:
中文
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Analysis of intergeneric sexual hybridization between transgenic Brassica oleracea and Sinapis alba
作者:
Li, Jun;Zhang, Chunlei;Guan, Chunyun;Luo, Lixia;Ren, Li;...
期刊:
Euphytica ,2017年213(12):1-10 ISSN:0014-2336
通讯作者:
Lu, Guangyuan;Fang, Xiaoping
作者机构:
[Li, Jun; Lu, Guangyuan; Wei, Wenhui] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jun; Fang, Xiaoping; Ren, Li; Zhang, Chunlei; Luo, Lixia] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Physiol, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chunyun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Guangyuan] Hubei Engn Univ, New Rural Dev Inst, Xiaogan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Lu, Guangyuan; Fang, Xiaoping] C;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Physiol, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Alternaria brassicae;Bar gene;Brassica oleracea;Disease resistance;Intergeneric hybridization;Sinapis alba
摘要:
Sinapis alba possesses a number of desirable traits that can be employed to broaden genetic variability in Brassica oleracea or B. napus. Using transgenic B. oleracea (CC, 2n = 18) as paternal plants and non-transgenic S. alba (SS, 2n = 24) as maternal plants, 11 hybrid plants were successfully obtained by using a combination of ovary culture and embryo rescue, while 2 seedlings of the reciprocal cross were generated but lost during the propagation. The hybridity of these plants was confirmed by flower color and other agronomic characteristics, chromosome counting, and pollen viability. Most of the intergeneric F1 plants showed only one set each of S and C chromosome (SC, 2n = 21) and were male sterile, while a few plants were semi-fertile and had one set of S chromosomes but two sets of C chromosomes (CCS, 2n = 30). PCR, genomic Southern blotting and qRT-PCR for bar gene revealed that among the F1 hybrid plants only 9.1% was bar positive and could be forwarded to F2 and F3 generation. The majority of F3 plants obtained sufficient resistance to Alternaria brassicae. Thus, the generation of disease (A. brassicae) and herbicide (Bastar) resistant intergeneric hybrids was of importance for breeding program. The existence of bar gene in these intermediate materials will facilitate the identification of hybridity and transfer of S.alba traits into target genetic background. © 2017, The Author(s).
语种:
英文
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犁旋组合式油菜播种开沟起垄装置设计
作者:
包攀峰;吴明亮;官春云;罗海峰;贺一鸣;...
期刊:
农业工程学报 ,2017年33(20):23-31 ISSN:1002-6819
通讯作者:
Wu, Mingliang(mlwu@hunau.edu.cn)
作者机构:
[吴明亮; 罗海峰; 包攀峰; 贺一鸣; 向伟] College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[官春云] Oilseeds Crops Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[吴明亮; 罗海峰; 官春云; 包攀峰; 贺一鸣; 向伟] Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Changsha, 410128, China;[吴明亮; 罗海峰; 包攀峰; 贺一鸣; 向伟] Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Modern Agricultural Equipment, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
农业机械;设计;农作物;油菜;犁旋组合式;开沟;垄作
摘要:
针对中国南方稻田土壤黏重、高含水率土壤使传统油菜开沟起垄机构作业后沟壁易垮塌影响垄沟排水和后期油菜生长,研制了犁旋组合式油菜播种开沟起垄装置。设计了犁体式成沟起垄部件的入土角、翼板角度和翼板长度等结构参数,优化了旋转式切土部件的旋耕弯刀、沟壁切土直刀的安装方式及其结构参数。在室内土槽进行了多因素二次正交旋转组合试验,结果表明:影响沟面宽稳定度、垄高稳定度的主次顺序为沟壁切土直刀的回转半径、翼板长度、翼板角度;影响回土率的主次顺序为翼板长度、翼板角度、沟壁切土直刀的回转半径。装置最优的工作参数组合为沟壁切土直刀的回转半径为351 mm,翼板长度为78 cm,翼板角度为41°。对最优工作参数组合进行试验验证,各评价指标试验结果与软件分析值的相对偏差均不超过1%。该研究可为油菜垄作高产栽培提供技术参考。
语种:
中文
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高油酸油菜脂肪酸代谢的蛋白质组学与转录组学关联分析
作者:
王晓丹;肖钢;常涛;张振乾;官春云;...
期刊:
华北农学报 ,2017年32(6):31-36 ISSN:1000-7091
作者机构:
[王晓丹; 肖钢; 常涛; 张振乾; 官春云; 邬贤梦] 湖南农业大学农学院, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
蛋白质组学;转录组学;关联分析;高油酸油菜;脂肪酸代谢
摘要:
为了解高油酸油菜脂肪酸代谢的调控机理,以一组高油酸近等基因系自交授粉后20 ~ 35 d的种子为材料,进行同位素相对标记技术与绝对定量技术关联转录组分析。结果表明:蛋白质组和转录组相关性并不高,定量蛋白和基因关联系数为-0. 326 9;变化趋势相反差异蛋白和基因的表达关联系数为-0. 735 8;变化趋势相同差异蛋白和基因的表达关联系数为0. 714 3。此外,鉴定出与差异蛋白表达趋势相同的差异基因80个,GO注释表明,这些基因涉及代谢、信号转导、防御与胁迫应答、氧化还原、转录等方面的功能,其中与脂肪酸代谢过程相关的有23个,上调表达16个,下调表达7个。gi |297330358(庚二酰ACP甲基酯的羧酸酯酶) 、gi | 297321940(磷酸化酶) 、gi |297314818(乙酰胺、甲酰胺酶家族)可能在高油酸油菜脂肪酸代谢中发挥重要作用。证明蛋白质组学与转录组学关联分析能够对研究高油酸油菜脂肪酸代谢机制提供新思路。
语种:
中文
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稻田不同轮作系统作物产量、效益和氮素吸收及前后作土壤养分动态比较研究
作者:
刘宝林;邹小云;宋来强;官春云
期刊:
江西农业学报 ,2017年29(12):1-7,31 ISSN:1001-8581
作者机构:
湖南农业大学油料作物研究所、国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心;[宋来强] 江西省农业科学院作物研究所;[官春云; 邹小云; 刘宝林] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
轮作系统;油菜;水稻;产量;氮素吸收;土壤养分
摘要:
于2012~2013 年在江西省油菜主产县(市)开展田间试验,比较研究了稻田不同轮作系统对作物产量、经济效益、养分吸收利用以及土壤养分含量的影响.结果表明:与冬季休闲后种植水稻相比,冬季种植油菜后早、中、晚稻的平均单株有效穗数分别提高了7.54%、2.63%和0.47%,平均单株实粒数分别提高了12.73%、5.82%和0.03%,平均产量分别提高了10.03%、8.75%和4.59%;在6 种轮作系统中,以油菜-早稻-晚稻轮作系统的经济效益最高;冬季种植油菜可以提高早稻和中稻的氮、磷、钾素的总积累量和吸收利用率;冬季种植油菜还可以提高稻田土壤的有机质、有效磷和速效钾的含量,降低稻田土壤的pH 值.
语种:
中文
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甘蓝型油菜BnFAD2基因的克隆、表达及功能分析
作者:
刘睿洋;刘芳;官春云
期刊:
作物学报 ,2016年42(7):1000-1008 ISSN:0496-3490
通讯作者:
Guan, C.-Y.
作者机构:
[官春云; 刘芳; 刘睿洋] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
[Guan, C.-Y.] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
关键词:
甘蓝型油菜;BnFAD2基因;生物信息学;蛋白活力;蛋白稳定性
摘要:
高油酸油具备较高的营养价值,在甘蓝型油菜中,脂肪酸去饱和酶基因(FAD2)是控制油酸含量的关键基因。本研究克隆了甘蓝型油菜A5、C5、A1连锁群上3个BnFAD2基因的全长cDNA序列,分别命名为BnFAD2-A5、 BnFAD2-C5和BnFAD2-A1,各自编码384、384、136个氨基酸。分别使用TMHMM、Clust X软件分析FAD2基因的跨膜结构域和酶活中心表明, BnFAD2-A1不具备脱氢酶活性。采用酵母功能互补实验对4个基因(含已发表的 BnFAD2-C1)进行功能验证,发现BnFAD2-A5和BnFAD2-C5基因去饱和能力接近,均大于BnFAD2-C1基因。采用 qRT-PCR分析4个基因在甘蓝型油菜不同组织中的表达规律,并用血凝素标签法分析BnFAD2-C1、BnFAD2-A5和 BnFAD2-C5的蛋白稳定性,表明BnFAD2-A5和BnFAD2-C5是影响油菜种子油酸积累的主效基因。
语种:
中文
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A Study on Triacylglycerol Composition and the Structure of High-Oleic Rapeseed Oil
作者:
Guan, Mei;Chen, Hong;Xiong, Xinghua;Lu, Xin;Li, Xun;...
期刊:
工程 ,2016年2(2):258-262 ISSN:2095-8099
通讯作者:
Guan, Chunyun;Huang, Fenghong
作者机构:
[Guan, Chunyun; Li, Xun; Guan, Mei; Xiong, Xinghua] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Hong; Lu, Xin; Huang, Fenghong] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Guan, Chunyun] H;[Huang, Fenghong] C;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Brassica napus;Fatty acid;Triacylglycerol
摘要:
The composition of fatty acids in triacylglycerides (TAGs) and their position on the glycerol backbone determine the nutritional value of vegetable oil. In this study, gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were used to analyze the composition and distribution of fatty acids in TAGs of different rapeseed oils. Our results show the content of oleic acid in high-oleic-acid rapeseed oil to be about 80%. In terms of the number of acyl carbon atoms (CN), TAGs with CN52–C54 were most abundant, with a maximum concentration at CN54 (80%). The main type of TAG was oleic-oleic-oleic (OOO), accounting for 71.75%, while oleic-oleic-linoleic (OOL) accounted for 7.56%, oleic-oleic-linolenic (OOLn) accounted for 4.81%, and stearic-oleic-oleic (SOO) accounted for 4.74%. Oleic acid in high-oleic-acid rapeseed oil was distributed in the following order of preference: sn-2 > sn-1/3. In high-erucic-acid rapeseed oil, however, oleic acid was enriched at the sn-1/3. These data show that the content of oleic acid can be as high as about 80% in high-oleic-acid material. This finding suggests that high-oleic-acid rapeseed oil has high nutritional value. © 2016 THE AUTHORS
语种:
英文
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中国南方稻田多熟种植存在的问题及对策
作者:
官春云;黄璜;黄国勤;孙丹平;梁玉刚
期刊:
作物杂志 ,2016年(2):1-7 ISSN:1001-7283
作者机构:
[官春云; 梁玉刚; 黄璜] 南方粮油作物协同创新中心;江西农业大学生态科学研究中心;湖南农业大学农学院;[黄国勤; 孙丹平] 江西农业大学
关键词:
多熟种植;稻田;发展;南方
摘要:
调查分析了南方稻田多熟种植的现状、存在的问题,并提出了对策.通过实地考察、典型案例剖析、文献资料查阅,阐述当前稻田多熟种植的地位、研究进展和生产状况.南方稻田多熟种植快速发展中存在着熟制缩减、面积下降、模式单一、效益降低、地力衰退和耕地撂荒的问题,对策实行多元化、高效化、集约化、轻型化、绿色化和生态化的多熟种植模式.
语种:
中文
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The promoter of fatty acid desaturase on chromosome C5 in Brassica napus drives high-level expression in seeds
作者:
Liu, Fang;Wang, Guiluan;Liu, Ruiyang;Guan, Chunyun*
期刊:
Plant Biotechnology Reports ,2016年10(6):369-381 ISSN:1863-5466
通讯作者:
Guan, Chunyun
作者机构:
[Guan, Chunyun; Liu, Ruiyang; Liu, Fang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chunyun; Liu, Ruiyang; Liu, Fang] Natl Oil Improvement Ctr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guiluan] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Guan, Chunyun] H;[Guan, Chunyun] N;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Natl Oil Improvement Ctr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Brassica napus;Arabidopsis thaliana;BnFAD2-C5;Intron-mediated enhancement
摘要:
The gene fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) exists in multiple copies in the Brassica napus genome and encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid. In the present study, we characterized the regulatory region controlling the expression of an FAD2 gene located on chromosome C5 of Brassica napus and named it BnFAD2-C5. A long intron was found within the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the BnFAD2-C5 gene. This intron, compared with an intron-less control, conferred up to a sixfold increase in green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in transgenic Arabidopsis, thus suggesting that it makes function through intron-mediated enhancement. The sequence containing the promoter and intron was identified to promote high levels of gene expression in genital organs, particularly in seeds, using qRT-PCR and transgenic Arabidopsis. We identified the different promoter regions responsible for the tissuespecific gene expression through a deletion analysis of the BnFAD2-C5 promoter and a beta-glucuronidase and GFP reporter system. The results showed that the -1020 to -319 bp region primarily controls BnFAD2-C5 gene expression in the root, whereas the -1020 to -581 bp region controls expression in the stem, the -581 to -319 bp region controls expression in the leaf, and the -1257 to -1020 bp region probably controls expression in the floral parts. The -319 to -1 bp region is also important, conferring high-level transcription in the seeds. The transcription of BnFAD2-C5 could be induced by salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, and the relative response elements were identified in the -1257 to -1020 bp region and -319 to -1 bp region, respectively.
语种:
英文
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Genome-wide association study provides insight into the genetic control of plant height in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
作者:
Sun, Chengming;Wang, Benqi;Yan, Lei;Hu, Kaining;Liu, Sheng;...
期刊:
Frontiers in Plant Science ,2016年7(JULY2016):1102 ISSN:1664-462X
通讯作者:
Yi, Bin
作者机构:
[Wang, Benqi; Tu, Jinxing; Yan, Lei; Liu, Sheng; Sun, Chengming; Hu, Kaining; Shen, Jinxiong; Ma, Chaozhi; Wen, Jing; Yi, Bin; Zhou, Yongming; Fu, Tingdong] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Subctr Rapeseed Improvement Wuhan, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chunyun; Zhang, Zhenqian] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jiana] Southwest Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Chongqing Rapeseed Engn Technol Res Ctr, Chongqing, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Jiefu; Chen, Song] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Cotton & Rapeseed, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yi, Bin] H;Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Subctr Rapeseed Improvement Wuhan, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Brassica napus;association mapping;haplotype block;plant height;selective sweep
摘要:
Plant height is a key morphological trait of rapeseed. In this study, we measured plant height of a rapeseed population across six environments. This population contains 476 inbred lines representing the major Chinese rapeseed genepool and 44 lines from other countries. The 60K Brassica Infinium® SNP array was utilized to genotype the association panel. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed via three methods, including a robust, novel, nonparametric Anderson-Darling (A-D) test. Consequently, 68 loci were identified as significantly associated with plant height (P < 5.22 × 10−5), and more than 70% of the loci (48) overlapped the confidence intervals of reported QTLs from nine mapping populations. Moreover, 24 GWAS loci were detected with selective sweep signals, which reflected the signatures of historical semi-dwarf breeding. In the linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay range up—and downstream of 65 loci (r2 > 0.1), we found plausible candidates orthologous to the documented Arabidopsis genes involved in height regulation. One significant association found by GWAS colocalized with the established height locus BnRGA in rapeseed. Our results provide insights into the genetic basis of plant height in rapeseed and may facilitate marker-based breeding. © 2016 Sun, Wang, Yan, Hu, Liu, Zhou, Guan, Zhang, Li, Zhang, Chen, Wen, Ma, Tu, Shen, Fu and Yi.
语种:
英文
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甘蓝型油菜BnFAD2-C5基因启动子及内含子在表达水平的功能分析
作者:
刘睿洋;刘芳;张振乾;官春云
期刊:
作物学报 ,2016年42(10):1471-1478 ISSN:0496-3490
通讯作者:
Guan, C.-Y.
作者机构:
[刘芳; 刘睿洋; 张振乾; 官春云] College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
[Guan, C.-Y.] C;College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, China
关键词:
甘蓝型油菜;BnFAD2-C5基因;内含子增强效应;拟南芥
摘要:
富含油酸的菜籽油具有重要的经济价值,使得高油酸育种及油酸形成机制成为热点。油酸脱氢酶基因(FAD2基因)是控制油酸含量的关键酶基因。本文针对BnFAD2-C5基因展开研究,根据油菜和甘蓝的同源性,克隆了1257 bp启动子序列,利用GUS和GFP作为报告基因分别构建含有不同片段长度的启动子和内含子的缺失载体并转化拟南芥,经GUS染色检测发现–319 ~ –1 bp为该研究中最小启动子;采用Western blot技术分析启动子和内含子不同区域的功能,发现BnFAD2-C5启动子区域–1257 ~ –1020 bp和–319 ~ –1 bp能够诱导报告基因在转基因拟南芥种子发育中期高效表达, BnFAD2-C5内含子具有增强启动子转录水平的功能,该功能主要由+631~ +1033 bp区域调控。
语种:
中文
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