During the last twenty years, ovarian transplantation as an important assisted reproductive technology has made great advances and successed in orthotopic autograft, heterotopic autograft, allograft and xenotransplantation. Several live births have been achieved so far after transplantation of fresh or cryopreserved ovarian tissue. This suggests that ovarian transplantation, in combination with cryopreservation, may provide a valuable tool for preserving female fertility, especially in rare and endangered animals. In this article, we re...