作者机构：
[Haodong Zhang; Ning Su; Zhi Peng; Xizhe Luo; Sihai Qin; Mengjiao Huang; Jun Xie] College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China;National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China;[Gongwen Luo; Chang Tian; Xiangmin Rong; Guixian Xie] College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Guixian Xie] C;College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
N and P fertilizer;Rice-oilseed rape rotation;Soil properties;Runoff loss;Grain yield
摘要：
To address environmental pollution from agricultural non-point sources, it is feasible to reduce nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) inputs in farmland ecosystems. However, the combined effects of simultaneously reducing both N and P fertilizers remain unclear. Hence, we carried out a two-year field experiment (2020–2022) in the Dongting Lake region, China, to examine the impact of decreasing N and P fertilizer inputs on the soil properties, N and P runoff losses, and grain yields under rice-oilseed rape rotation in southern China. Compared to traditional management (rice, 210 kg N ha −1 and 105 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 ; oilseed rape, 180 kg N ha −1 and 90 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 ), the 10–30 % reduction in N and P inputs decreased total N runoff losses by 19.2–48.7 % (rice seasons; 3.12–7.92 kg ha −1 ) and 26.1–58.1 % (oilseed rape seasons; 1.17–2.61 kg ha −1 ), and total P losses by 35.5–59.7 % (rice seasons; 0.95–1.59 kg ha −1 ) and 30.3–58.5 % (oilseed rape seasons; 0.20–0.38 kg ha −1 ). Moreover, grain yields were maintained despite nutrient input reductions. The partial least square structural equation model showed that the soil total N, soil available N, and soil available P positively affected the grain yields, while the N and P runoff losses had a significant negative effect on the grain yields. In conclusion, the reduction of N and P fertilizer by 30 % achieved optimal outcomes, effectively reducing environmental risks while maintaining agricultural productivity.
To address environmental pollution from agricultural non-point sources, it is feasible to reduce nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) inputs in farmland ecosystems. However, the combined effects of simultaneously reducing both N and P fertilizers remain unclear. Hence, we carried out a two-year field experiment (2020–2022) in the Dongting Lake region, China, to examine the impact of decreasing N and P fertilizer inputs on the soil properties, N and P runoff losses, and grain yields under rice-oilseed rape rotation in southern China. Compared to traditional management (rice, 210 kg N ha −1 and 105 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 ; oilseed rape, 180 kg N ha −1 and 90 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 ), the 10–30 % reduction in N and P inputs decreased total N runoff losses by 19.2–48.7 % (rice seasons; 3.12–7.92 kg ha −1 ) and 26.1–58.1 % (oilseed rape seasons; 1.17–2.61 kg ha −1 ), and total P losses by 35.5–59.7 % (rice seasons; 0.95–1.59 kg ha −1 ) and 30.3–58.5 % (oilseed rape seasons; 0.20–0.38 kg ha −1 ). Moreover, grain yields were maintained despite nutrient input reductions. The partial least square structural equation model showed that the soil total N, soil available N, and soil available P positively affected the grain yields, while the N and P runoff losses had a significant negative effect on the grain yields. In conclusion, the reduction of N and P fertilizer by 30 % achieved optimal outcomes, effectively reducing environmental risks while maintaining agricultural productivity.
作者机构：
[Lingqiong Song; Zhihui Liu; Qiyuan Tang; Min Huang; Jiana Chen; Weiqing Wang; Huabin Zheng] College of Agronomy, Hunan agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Yuanwei Chen] Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
通讯机构：
[Weiqing Wang; Huabin Zheng] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Carbon pool management index;Grain yield;Labile organic carbon;Ratoon rice
摘要：
Integrated crop and soil management measures have proven effective in enhancing crop yields and resource use efficiency, although the impacts on soil carbon pools and related microbial diversity remain unclear. In this study, we compared rice yield and soil properties between a local ratoon rice farming practice model without organic fertilizer application (FP) with an improved farming practice model (IFP) based on integrated management practices, including a > 20 % increase in planting density, 30 % increase in panicle fertilization, and application of 1.8 t/ha of organic fertilizer, in Hunan Province, China. The 5-year average annual rice grain yield was 32.0 % higher in the IFP (13.3 t/ha) than in the FP. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content was nonsignificantly higher by 9.2 % in the IFP (22.4 g/kg) than in the FP; furthermore, the labile organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon contents were 10.7 g/kg and 45.5 mg/kg, respectively, in the IFP, significantly higher than those of the FP and N-free control. The carbon pool management index in the IFP was 191.4 in 2022 and 132.9 in 2023, and was significantly higher by 95.0 % ( P < 0.05) than in the FP; the carbon pool activity and carbon pool activity index were similarly improved in the IFP. The average microbial biomass carbon in the IFP was 179.3 mg/kg, but did not differ significantly among the IFP, FP, and control. The bacterial and fungal Chao1 indexes were 5.6 % and 13.3 % higher, respectively, in the IFP (Chao1 for bacteria: 5252.5; fungi: 2291.5) than in the FP. The bacterial and fungal abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) indexes were 7.2 % and 13.3 % higher, respectively, in the IFP (ACE for bacteria: 5871.5; fungi: 2530.4) than in the FP; however, there was no significant difference between the IFP and FP ( P > 0.05). These results support the efficacy of integrated agronomic measures in greatly increasing rice grain yield while supporting soil fertility through enhancing carbon pools and related microbial diversity. As modern ratoon rice production becomes increasingly mechanized, such measures will become easy to adopt.
Integrated crop and soil management measures have proven effective in enhancing crop yields and resource use efficiency, although the impacts on soil carbon pools and related microbial diversity remain unclear. In this study, we compared rice yield and soil properties between a local ratoon rice farming practice model without organic fertilizer application (FP) with an improved farming practice model (IFP) based on integrated management practices, including a > 20 % increase in planting density, 30 % increase in panicle fertilization, and application of 1.8 t/ha of organic fertilizer, in Hunan Province, China. The 5-year average annual rice grain yield was 32.0 % higher in the IFP (13.3 t/ha) than in the FP. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content was nonsignificantly higher by 9.2 % in the IFP (22.4 g/kg) than in the FP; furthermore, the labile organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon contents were 10.7 g/kg and 45.5 mg/kg, respectively, in the IFP, significantly higher than those of the FP and N-free control. The carbon pool management index in the IFP was 191.4 in 2022 and 132.9 in 2023, and was significantly higher by 95.0 % ( P < 0.05) than in the FP; the carbon pool activity and carbon pool activity index were similarly improved in the IFP. The average microbial biomass carbon in the IFP was 179.3 mg/kg, but did not differ significantly among the IFP, FP, and control. The bacterial and fungal Chao1 indexes were 5.6 % and 13.3 % higher, respectively, in the IFP (Chao1 for bacteria: 5252.5; fungi: 2291.5) than in the FP. The bacterial and fungal abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) indexes were 7.2 % and 13.3 % higher, respectively, in the IFP (ACE for bacteria: 5871.5; fungi: 2530.4) than in the FP; however, there was no significant difference between the IFP and FP ( P > 0.05). These results support the efficacy of integrated agronomic measures in greatly increasing rice grain yield while supporting soil fertility through enhancing carbon pools and related microbial diversity. As modern ratoon rice production becomes increasingly mechanized, such measures will become easy to adopt.
期刊：
DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS,2025年0:2650-2670 ISSN：1078-0947
通讯作者：
Feng, J
作者机构：
[Ding, Nan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Informat & Intelligence, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Jing] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Sci, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Jing] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab Syst Sci Met Proc, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Jing] Univ Paris Est Creteil, LAMA UMR 8050, CNRS, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
通讯机构：
[Feng, J ] W;Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Sci, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab Syst Sci Met Proc, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.;Univ Paris Est Creteil, LAMA UMR 8050, CNRS, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
关键词：
Continued fractions;Product of consecutive partial quotients;Hausdorff dimension
摘要：
Let $ [a_1(x),a_2(x),\ldots,a_n(x),\ldots] $ be the continued fraction expansion of $ x\in [0,1) $ . The study of real numbers with their partial quotients obeying various forms leads to the following set $ \begin{equation*} \mathcal{E}_1(\Phi): = \left\{ x\in[0,1)\colon\ a_{n+1}(x)\geq\Phi(n)\; \text{for infinitely many}\ n\in\mathbb{N} \right\}. \end{equation*} $ The second largest product of consecutive partial quotients will be the obstacle to obtain the limit theorems of the sum of products of consecutive partial quotients in continued fractions, which leads to the following set $ \begin{equation*} \mathcal{F}_2(\Phi): = \left\{ x\in[0,1)\colon\ \begin{aligned} &\exists \; 1\leq k\neq l\leq n, a_k(x)a_{k+1}(x)\geq\Phi(n), \\ &a_l(x)a_{l+1}(x)\geq\Phi(n)\; \text{for infinitely many}\ n\in\mathbb{N} \end{aligned} \right\}. \end{equation*} $ In this paper, we mainly consider the set of real numbers whose products of consecutive partial quotients grow at a certain growth rate, while the single partial quotients grow at another rate. Precisely, let $ \Phi_1,\; \Phi_2: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}_+ $ be two positive functions such that $ \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\Phi_i(n) = \infty\; (i = 1,2) $ . We completely determine the Hausdorff dimension of the set $ \begin{equation*} \mathcal{F}_2(\Phi_1,\Phi_2): = \left\{ x\in[0,1)\colon\ \begin{aligned} &\exists \; 1\leq k\neq l\leq n, a_k(x)a_{k+1}(x)\geq\Phi_1(n), \\ &a_l(x)a_{l+1}(x)\geq\Phi_1(n)\; \text{for infinitely many}\ n\in\mathbb{N},\\ &a_{n+1}(x)< \Phi_2(n)\ \text{for all sufficiently large} n\in\mathbb{N} \end{aligned} \right\}. \end{equation*} $
摘要：
Laterite nickel ore is rich in nickel and iron resources, and the nickel element is extracted in the form of nickel salt. However, the acid-leaching tailings of laterite nickel ore (LTLNO), which contain valuable iron resources, have not been cost-effectively recovered. In this work, we designed a novel method to extract iron from LTLNO and recycle it into high-valuable iron phosphate products using only phosphoric acid and iron powder. We explored the effects of reaction parameters, such as phosphoric acid concentration, iron powder dosage, time, and temperature, on the leaching behavior of key elements. The results showed that the iron leaching rate was as high as 96.54 % when using 3.5 mol/L phosphoric acid with a liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) of 5 mL/g and an iron powder dosage based on the Fe/Fe n+ ratio of 0.5 after 3 h at 25 °C, and a final high-purity FePO 4 (99.4 %) was obtained. Kinetic analysis revealed that the leaching reaction was controlled by the diffusion through the neogenetic layer, and the leaching reactions were thermodynamically favorable. This method allows for a simpler and more efficient recovery of iron and the products of higher-value iron phosphate products than other LTLNO recycling technologies. Additionally, it offers a total economic benefit of $134/t for LTLNO treatment, demonstrating great prospects for industrial application.
Laterite nickel ore is rich in nickel and iron resources, and the nickel element is extracted in the form of nickel salt. However, the acid-leaching tailings of laterite nickel ore (LTLNO), which contain valuable iron resources, have not been cost-effectively recovered. In this work, we designed a novel method to extract iron from LTLNO and recycle it into high-valuable iron phosphate products using only phosphoric acid and iron powder. We explored the effects of reaction parameters, such as phosphoric acid concentration, iron powder dosage, time, and temperature, on the leaching behavior of key elements. The results showed that the iron leaching rate was as high as 96.54 % when using 3.5 mol/L phosphoric acid with a liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) of 5 mL/g and an iron powder dosage based on the Fe/Fe n+ ratio of 0.5 after 3 h at 25 °C, and a final high-purity FePO 4 (99.4 %) was obtained. Kinetic analysis revealed that the leaching reaction was controlled by the diffusion through the neogenetic layer, and the leaching reactions were thermodynamically favorable. This method allows for a simpler and more efficient recovery of iron and the products of higher-value iron phosphate products than other LTLNO recycling technologies. Additionally, it offers a total economic benefit of $134/t for LTLNO treatment, demonstrating great prospects for industrial application.
摘要：
Limited sources of consortia/pure cultures that degrade chloramphenicol (CAP) and the incomplete biodegradation profiles of CAP hinder the remediation of CAP pollution. In this study, two CAP-degrading consortia (designated as CM and PM) were obtained after long-term acclimation, and Alcaligenaceae and Enterobacteriaceae enriched in CM and PM, respectively. Notably, Bordetella sp. C3, a new isolate belonging to the family Alcaligenaceae , was isolated from CM and capable of degrading 85.7 % 10 mg/L CAP at 30 ℃ and pH 7 in 10 d. The biotransformation of CAP by Bordetella sp. C3 was proposed as a detoxification process, including a novel initial degradation pathway: dechlorination of CAP into AP. Strain C3 can also function as a plant growth-promoting bacterium that solubilizes inorganic phosphate and produces siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). This study expands our knowledge of the migration and transformation pathways of CAP and microbial community profiles during acclimatization.
Limited sources of consortia/pure cultures that degrade chloramphenicol (CAP) and the incomplete biodegradation profiles of CAP hinder the remediation of CAP pollution. In this study, two CAP-degrading consortia (designated as CM and PM) were obtained after long-term acclimation, and Alcaligenaceae and Enterobacteriaceae enriched in CM and PM, respectively. Notably, Bordetella sp. C3, a new isolate belonging to the family Alcaligenaceae , was isolated from CM and capable of degrading 85.7 % 10 mg/L CAP at 30 ℃ and pH 7 in 10 d. The biotransformation of CAP by Bordetella sp. C3 was proposed as a detoxification process, including a novel initial degradation pathway: dechlorination of CAP into AP. Strain C3 can also function as a plant growth-promoting bacterium that solubilizes inorganic phosphate and produces siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). This study expands our knowledge of the migration and transformation pathways of CAP and microbial community profiles during acclimatization.
通讯机构：
[Ren, G ; Ren, G; Zhang, Y ] N;[Zhao, YX ; Zhao, SH] Y;Northwest A&F Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Anim Biotechnol, Xianyang 712100, Peoples R China.;Yazhouwan Natl Lab, Huanjin Rd, Sanya 572024, Hainan, Peoples R China.;Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China.
关键词：
3D interaction;RNA Pol II;SPDs;ZGA pace;interspecies comparison;zygotic genome activation
摘要：
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) occurs at distinct stages across mammals, with mice initiating ZGA at the 2-cell stage and bovines and humans activating the process in the 4- to 8-cell stages. RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) gradually initiates ZGA in mice, but regulation in late-ZGA species remains unclear. Here, RNA Pol II profiling in bovine embryos identified strong intergenic clusters that boost minor ZGA gene expression via chromatin interactions and are named super RNA Pol II domains (SPDs). CRISPRi perturbation of SPDs in bovine embryos decreases the expression of minor ZGA genes, whereas the knockdown of these genes disrupts major ZGA and embryogenesis. Rapid enhancement of minor ZGA genes also occurs in human embryos. Alternatively, mouse and porcine oocytes precociously express these minor ZGA genes without SPDs. Thus, SPDs appear to be an adaptation in bovine embryos, promoting minor ZGA gene expression to comparable levels as early-ZGA species, illuminating species-specific regulation of ZGA timing.
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) occurs at distinct stages across mammals, with mice initiating ZGA at the 2-cell stage and bovines and humans activating the process in the 4- to 8-cell stages. RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) gradually initiates ZGA in mice, but regulation in late-ZGA species remains unclear. Here, RNA Pol II profiling in bovine embryos identified strong intergenic clusters that boost minor ZGA gene expression via chromatin interactions and are named super RNA Pol II domains (SPDs). CRISPRi perturbation of SPDs in bovine embryos decreases the expression of minor ZGA genes, whereas the knockdown of these genes disrupts major ZGA and embryogenesis. Rapid enhancement of minor ZGA genes also occurs in human embryos. Alternatively, mouse and porcine oocytes precociously express these minor ZGA genes without SPDs. Thus, SPDs appear to be an adaptation in bovine embryos, promoting minor ZGA gene expression to comparable levels as early-ZGA species, illuminating species-specific regulation of ZGA timing.
关键词：
New Hybrid Bream;Fatty acid metabolism;Gene expression;Transcriptome analysis
摘要：
High-quality fatty acids are essential indicators of the nutritional value of aquatic fish. This study investigates the differences in muscle fatty acid composition and their nutritional implications by integrating physiological and transcriptomic analyses to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms in the New Hybrid Bream (BBTB) compared with four closely related species: Megalobrama hoffmanni (MH), Megalobrama terminalis (MT), Megalobrama amblycephala (MA), and Culter alburnus (CA). A total of 21 fatty acids were identified in muscle tissue through gas chromatography, including 7 saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and 14 unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Among all species, palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1n- 9), and linoleic acid (C18:2n- 6c) were the most abundant, accounting for 71.44 to 77.74% of the total fatty acids. Notably, BBTB exhibited a higher proportion of n- 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (C20:4n- 6), and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2). Subsequently, the expressions of fatty acid synthesis, degradation, and transporting related genes were examined to explore the mechanism of elevated PUFA in BBTB. The result exhibited that the expression of fatty acid synthesis key genes fasn, fads2, fads6, acacb, srebp1, acss2, and dgat2 genes of BBTB was significantly higher than that of other groups. Additionally, the expressions of ppar alpha, ppar delta, and ppar gamma which are critical regulators in the PPAR signaling pathway were significantly elevated in BBTB, suggesting their involvement in fatty acid synthesis, degradation, and oxidation. Further, transcriptomic analysis of BBTB liver further confirmed the gene expression results. Transcriptomic analysis of BBTB liver identified 125 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with a subset associated with fatty acid metabolism, including pathways related to fatty acid degradation, PPAR signaling, and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated significant enrichment of DEGs in lipid metabolism pathways, and COG and GO annotation further verified a high proportion of DEGs functioned in lipid transport, post-translational modifications, protein transformation, and chaperone activity. These findings provide valuable insights into the different values of BBTB and other examined group fishes and regulatory mechanisms governing lipid metabolism in BBTB, offering a foundation for improving the nutritional value of fish in aquaculture.
摘要：
Bisphenol A (BPA), an emerging endocrine-disrupting chemical found in irrigation water, soil, and agricultural plastic mulch, presents potential exposure risks to pepper plants ( Capsicum annuum L.). This study investigated BPA impact, observing that BPA accumulates in a concentration-dependent manner, with highest levels in roots and lowest in fruit. High BPA exposure decreased photosynthetic pigment content, reduced stomatal size, caused chloroplast dilation, and increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation, disrupting hormone balance in leaves with a 2.3-fold increase in abscisic acid content under 100 mg/kg BPA treatment. Integrated multi-omics analyses revealed that BPA toxicity operates through interference with galactose metabolism, starch-sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signaling, and glutathione metabolism pathways. Key molecular responses included significant downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes and substantial metabolic perturbations, notably an 8.1-fold reduction in uridine diphosphate fructose and 10.6-fold accumulation of indole-3-ethanol. By employing an integrated multi-omics approach, this study provides a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of BPA phytotoxicity that extends beyond conventional physiological observations. The findings offer novel insights into the molecular regulatory networks underlying plant stress responses to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
Bisphenol A (BPA), an emerging endocrine-disrupting chemical found in irrigation water, soil, and agricultural plastic mulch, presents potential exposure risks to pepper plants ( Capsicum annuum L.). This study investigated BPA impact, observing that BPA accumulates in a concentration-dependent manner, with highest levels in roots and lowest in fruit. High BPA exposure decreased photosynthetic pigment content, reduced stomatal size, caused chloroplast dilation, and increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation, disrupting hormone balance in leaves with a 2.3-fold increase in abscisic acid content under 100 mg/kg BPA treatment. Integrated multi-omics analyses revealed that BPA toxicity operates through interference with galactose metabolism, starch-sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signaling, and glutathione metabolism pathways. Key molecular responses included significant downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes and substantial metabolic perturbations, notably an 8.1-fold reduction in uridine diphosphate fructose and 10.6-fold accumulation of indole-3-ethanol. By employing an integrated multi-omics approach, this study provides a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of BPA phytotoxicity that extends beyond conventional physiological observations. The findings offer novel insights into the molecular regulatory networks underlying plant stress responses to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
摘要：
Tea residues are rich in dietary fiber, most of which are insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). However, soluble dietary fiber (SDF) is reported to show a better health-promoting effect. In this paper, the Eurotium cristatum (E. cristatum) fermentation method was employed to prepare SDF from tea residues. The results showed that the yield of SDF in fermented SDF (FSDF) was higher than that in unfermented SDF (USDF). Meanwhile, an increased proportion of galactose and a looser microstructure were observed in FSDF. In addition, FSDF has more advantages than USDF in relieving colitis symptoms. FSDF is more effective in reversing weight loss, colon shortening, and tissue damage. Meanwhile, it has a better regulatory effect on the level of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10) and oxidative stress (CAT, T-SOD, and MDA). FSDF treatment more effectively restored gut microbiota composition toward normal parameters compared to USDF by upregulating Akkermanisa and Lachospiracae_NK4A136_group and downregulating Helicobacter and Alisitipes. In conclusion, fermentation treatment with E. cristatum contributed to the preparation efficiency and bioactive effect of SDF from tea residues. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of tea residues.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2025年16:1654232 ISSN：1664-462X
作者机构：
[Yao, Jiatong; Deng, Zhehong; Cao, Xiaolan] College of Information and Intelligence, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Wang, Wei; Cui, Guoxian; She, Wei] College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Fu, Hongyu] Hunan Cultivated Land and Agricultural Eco-Environment Institute,, Changsha, China;[Shuaibin, Wang; Wang, Dong] Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd,, Changsha, China
关键词：
UAV remote sensing;3D point cloud;deep learning;phenotypic trait extraction;stem-leaf segmentation
摘要：
Accurate acquisition of tobacco phenotypic traits is crucial for growth monitoring, cultivar selection, and other scientific management practices. Traditional manual measurements are time-consuming and labor-intensive, making them unsuitable for large-scale, high-throughput field phenotyping. The integration of 3D reconstruction and stem-leaf segmentation techniques offers an effective approach for crop phenotypic data acquisition. In this study, we propose a tobacco phenotyping method that combines unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing with an improved PointNet++ model. First, a 3D point-cloud dataset of field-grown tobacco plants was generated using multi-view UAV imagery. Next, the PointNet++ architecture was enhanced by incorporating a Local Spatial Encoding (LSE) module and a Density-Aware Pooling (DAP) module to improve the accuracy of stem and leaf segmentation. Finally, based on the segmentation results, an automated pipeline was developed to compute key phenotypic traits, including plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, and internode length. Experimental results demonstrated that the improved PointNet++ model achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 95.25% and a mean intersection over union (mIoU) of 93.97% for tobacco plant segmentation-improvements of 5.12% and 5.55%, respectively, over the original PointNet++ model. Moreover, using the segmentation results from the improved PointNet++ model, the predicted phenotypic values exhibited strong agreement with ground-truth measurements, with coefficients of determination (R² ) ranging from 0.86 to 0.95 and root mean square errors (RMSE) between 0.31 and 2.27 cm. This study provides a technical foundation for high-throughput phenotyping of tobacco and presents a transferable framework for phenotypic analysis in other crops.
