作者机构：
[Zhi-Wei Liu; Pan-Pan Tang; Yi-Cheng Tan; Tian-Le Liu] College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[Xiu-Bin Liu] College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[Chang Liu; Jun-Hu Cheng] School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China;[Rana Muhammad Aadil] National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
通讯机构：
[Zhi-Wei Liu] C;College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
摘要：
The potential of cold plasma (CP) treatment to promote the formation of amyloid fibrils (AFs) of ovalbumin (OVA) was evaluated relative to acidic heat fibrillation condition (pH = 2, 85 °C). Results indicated CP exhibited significant potential for promoting the formation of AFs of OVA, as evidenced by higher Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence intensity of AFs for CP-treated OVA (POVA) during the fibrillation process compared to AFs for native OVA under acidic heating conditions (NOVA). Long, curved and worm-like fibrils of CP-treated OVA with 2 min (POVA-2), which were thicker (3 nm in height) and longer (majority length ranging from 300 nm to 400 nm), were observed after 8 h of fibrillation, while irregular, short, worm-like fibrils of NOVA were detected. Unlike NOVA, which was only hydrolyzed into small peptides, the backbone of POVA-2 was cleaved into small peptide fragments, accompanied by the generation of dityrosine cross-linked aggregation/oligomer during fibrillation process, as evidenced by SDS-PAGE and dityrosine analysis. The result of hydrophobic, sulfhydryl and disulfide bonds, and dityrosine analysis showed hydrophobic interaction and dityrosine cross-links could be the main force driving the assembly and stacking of cross-β structures, leading to the formation of organized fibrillar structures for POVA-2, while only hydrophobic interaction was involved for NOVA. Additionally, analyses of emulsifying ability (EAI) and stability (ESI) of NOVA and POVA-2 displayed that both EAI and ESI of them were significantly improved, with POVA-2 exhibiting superior EAI compared to NOVA. Therefore, this study demonstrated CP is a promising technique to promote the generation of protein amyloid fibrils in a more efficient manner.
作者机构：
[Xiangyu Pi; Mingzhu Pan; Zisheng Wang; Zhitao Qi] Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;[Yang Xu] College of Fisheries, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Mingxian Chang] S;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
期刊：
Separation and Purification Technology,2025年356:129981 ISSN：1383-5866
通讯作者：
Nan Zhou
作者机构：
[Shi-Kai Li; Yu-Jiao Wen; Yi-Fan Wang; Meng Liu; Zheng-jie Peng; Le-zhu Su; Zhi Zhou; Nan Zhou] Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, school of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Nan Zhou] H;Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, school of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
作者机构：
[Zhengji Lu; Zhaoyue Sheng; Hui Zhou; Jie Luo] College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410114, China;[Jian He; Xiaoying Zhang; Caiyun Wang] National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, China;[Ying Zhang] Inner Mongolia Yijiahao Cheese Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
通讯机构：
[Jie Luo] C;College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410114, China
摘要：
Processed cheese analogues (PCA) are popular among consumers worldwide for their diverse flavors and forms. Casein/κ-carrageenan (CA/KC), as the main structural basis of common PCA, suffers from syneresis and thermal instability, which could be well ameliorated by locust bean gum (LBG) as a thickening, non-gelatinizing polysaccharide. However, the mechanism by which LBG improves the gel properties of CA/KC composites has not yet been clarified. In this study, the CA/KC/LBG ternary composite gels were constructed and the effect of LBG concentrations (0–0.5%) on the CA/KC binary gel properties were investigated. Compared with the control CA/KC gel, the addition of low LBG concentrations (0.1–0.3%) significantly increased the water-holding capacity, strength and thermal stability of gels (P < 0.05), while the addition of high LBG concentrations (0.4%–0.5%) weakened the gel properties. To reveal the influence mechanism of LBG, the water migration, molecular interactions and microstructure of gels were compared. The results confirmed that the addition of LBG induced the migration of water molecules from free state to bound state and enhanced the hydrogen bonding interactions between CA/KC gel molecules. In addition, scanning electron microscopy results showed that the addition of low concentrations of LBG induced the unfolding of KC macromolecules into chains, which optimized the gel network structure of KC. The formed CA/KC/LBG ternary composite gels showed more homogeneous and denser gel network structure than the control. In conclusion, the addition of an appropriate amount of LBG could well improve the thermal stability of CA/KC binary gel and the sense of storage stability of PCA products.
作者机构：
[Liu, Yuling; Ding, Siduo; Hu, Zhong; Tie, Baiqing; Luo, Si] College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Zeng, Haowei] School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
通讯机构：
[Si Luo] C;College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
作者机构：
[Wenqing Zeng; Bin Yao; Yaoyu Zhou; Jian Yang; Dan Zhi] College of the Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Yaoyu Zhou; Dan Zhi] C;College of the Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
期刊：
Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical,2025年423:136709 ISSN：0925-4005
通讯作者：
Xingbo Shi<&wdkj&>Yan Lv<&wdkj&>Qian Zhao
作者机构：
[Miao Zhang; Jixiang Zhou; Yiming Li; Qian Luo; Xiaoke Xiong; Xingbo Shi; Yan Lv; Qian Zhao] Laboratory of Micro & Nano Biosensing Technology in Food Safety, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Xingbo Shi; Yan Lv; Qian Zhao] L;Laboratory of Micro & Nano Biosensing Technology in Food Safety, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Zhu Liangyou 819;leaf area index;dry matter;nitrogen use efficiency;yield
摘要：
Optimizing nitrogen fertilizer management can effectively improve soil ecology, promote agricultural production, and increase the income of farmers and workers. Nitrogen fertilizer is an important factor in the growth and development of rice, and it is important to find out the optimal amount and frequency of fertilizer application for the super-hybrid early rice 'Zhu LiangYou 819' in Hunan Province, to give full play to its high quality and high yield characteristics. Various N fertilizer application frequencies (P1, basal-tiller fertilizer = 5:5; P2, basal-tiller-spike fertilizer = 4:3:3; P3, basal-tiller-spike-grain fertilizer = 4:3:2:1) and N application amounts (N1, 90 kg ha(-)(1); N2, 150 kg ha(-)(1); N3, 210 kg ha(-)(1)) were applied to the hybrid rice ZLY819. The results show that, under the same frequency of N application, ZLY819 had the highest yield, agronomic efficiency, and physiological utilization rate of N fertilizer with the N2 treatment, averaging 7.53 t ha(-)(1), 18.10 kg kg(-)(1), and 34.34%, respectively, with the yield under N2 being 19.38% higher than that under N1. For the same amount of N application, the yield, agronomic efficiency, partial factor productivity of N (PFPN), N contribution to seed, and N use efficiency (NUE) increased with an increase in the frequency of N application, mainly in the order of P3 > P2 > P1, whereby the yield of P3 was 10.11% higher than that of P1. According to the regression equation, the yield is higher when the amount of nitrogen application is 202.15 kg ha(-)(1) and the fertilization frequency is four times. Appropriate N fertilizer management (P3N2) improved the rice growth characteristics, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, dry matter transport rate, dry matter contribution rate, and NUE, thus promoting an increase in the rice yield and efficient use of nitrogen.
摘要：
The interaction between the amount and frequencies of nitrogen application has always been a hot issue in improving crop yield and reducing environmental pollution. Photosynthesis and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) play an important role in the formation of rice yield. However, the research on photosynthetic characteristics and NSCs under nitrogen fertilizer management on rice yield is still insufficient. This work was a two-year field trial in China’s Hunan Province in 2020–2021. To analyze the photosynthetic characteristics and NSCs of the hybrid rice “Zhu Liangyou 819” (ZLY819), the experiment was set up with N application frequencies, specifically P1 (basal-tiller fertilizer at a ratio of 5:5), P2 (basal-tiller-spike fertilizer at a ratio of 4:3:3), and P3 (basal-tiller-spike-grain fertilizer at a ratio of 4:3:2:1). Additionally, three distinct amounts of N applications were utilized: N1 (90 kg ha−1), N2 (150 kg ha−1), and N3 (210 kg ha−1). The findings indicated that under the same N application amount, N2 increased the effective spike by 9.32–17.80% and the number of grains per spike by 12.21–13.28% compared with N1. Under the same N application frequency, P3 had the highest effective number of spikes and number of grains per spike, which were 320.83 × 104 ha−1 and 113.99–119.81, respectively. Under the same N application amount, the SPAD and photosynthetic rate (Pn) of N2 at the heading stage were increased by 5.61–5.68% and 11.73–13.81%, respectively, compared with that of N1; and at the maturity stage, the SPAD of N2 was increased by 14.79–17.21%. At the same N application frequency, SPAD and Pn were 5.40–6.78% and 4.70–12.85% higher in P3 compared to P1, respectively, at the heading stage. At maturity, SPAD showed 14.59–15.64% higher values in P3 compared to P1. The photosynthetically active radiations (PAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of ZLY819 obtained the highest values under N2 or N3 as the differences between these both were nonsignificant. PAR and RUE tended to increase with the increase in the application frequency. NSC accumulation, output, and contribution rate to grains all exhibited a pattern of initial increase followed by a subsequent decline in response to escalating nitrogen application, i.e., it was highest under N2 treatment. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between rice yield and effective number of spikes, number of grains per spike, SPAD, Pn RUE, output of NSCs, and contribution rate to grains. Appropriate amount and frequency of N application (P3N2) can significantly improve photosynthetic characteristics and NSCs of rice, thus increasing rice yield.
摘要：
The scarcity of arable land and the problem of food security urgently called for a strategy of Remediation-byProduction (RBP). Biochar is a promising method for addressing Cd-contaminated soils, but the time required for remediation and the variability of long-term performance have a direct impact on the realization of the RBP strategy. We have developed a novel approach for remediating cadmium-contaminated flooded soil by utilizing lignin biochar (LBC) in combination with safe rice cultivation. The addition of 1 % LBC achieves efficient Cd passivation (CP: 90.89 %) before rice Cd uptake peaks. Meanwhile, LBC can increase soil organic matter and alter microbial community structure, decreasing the relative abundance of soil pathogenic bacteria from 5.12 % to 4.03 % while raising nutritional bacteria from 15.18 % to 28.82 %. Furthermore, LBC successfully reduced the accumulation of Cd in rice grains by 31.3 % similar to 54.6 %, making rice dwarf, sturdy, and greener, and lowering the health risk coefficients of Cd across various age groups by Monte Carlo simulations. This study elucidated the critical role of humic substances of LBC in remediation time and performance and laid a solid theoretical foundation for promoting the application of biochar in soil contamination remediation and simultaneously realizing the safe production of crops.
摘要：
With the sharp increase of the global population, adequate food supply is a great challenge. Grain size is an essential determinant of rice yield and quality. It is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. In this paper, we summarized the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that have been molecularly characterized and provided a comprehensive summary of the regulation mechanism and genetic pathways of rice grain size. These pathways include the ubiquitin-proteasome system, G-protein, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phytohormone, transcriptional factors, abiotic stress. In addition, we discuss the possible application of advanced molecular biology methods and reasonable breeding strategies, and prospective on the development of high-yielding and high-quality rice varieties using molecular biology techniques.
摘要：
Regenerated rice, characterized by single planting and double harvesting, saves labor and costs, significantly contributing to global food security. Hyperspectral imaging technology, which integrates image and spectral data, provides comprehensive, non-destructive, and pollution-free vegetation canopy analysis, making it highly effective for crop nutrient diagnosis. In this study, we selected two varieties of regenerated rice for field trials. Hyperspectral images were captured during key growth stages (flush, grouting, and ripening) of both the first and regenerated seasons. Utilizing a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D-CNN) as a deep feature extractor and a fully connected layer for nitrogen content prediction, we developed a robust model suitable for estimating nitrogen content in regenerated rice. The experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.0008, significantly outperforming the back-propagation (BP) network and multiple linear regression by reducing the MSE by 0.0151 and 0.0247, respectively. It also surpasses the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) by 0.003. This approach ensures accurate nitrogen content prediction throughout the growth cycle of regenerated rice, aiding in yield and economic benefit enhancement.
摘要：
Maize (Zea mays) cultivation is strongly affected by both abiotic and biotic stress, leading to reduced growth and productivity. It has recently become clear that regulators of plant stress responses, including the phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonic acid (JA), together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), shape plant growth and development. Beyond their well established functions in stress responses, these molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense, which must be finely tuned to achieve high yields in crops while maintaining some level of defense. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of recent research on the developmental functions of stress regulators, focusing specifically on maize. By unraveling the contributions of these regulators to maize development, we present new avenues for enhancing maize cultivation and growth while highlighting the potential risks associated with manipulating stress regulators to enhance grain yields in the face of environmental challenges.
