Liuyang Douchi is a kind of traditional fermented Aspergillus-type Douchi in China for excellent favor. However, studies on the microbial diversity and the characterization of predominate fungi of Liuyang Douchi are few. In present study, the Illumina HiSeq sequencing was performed to reveal the fluctuation characteristics of microbial diversity during fermentation. Results showed that Staphylococcus (33.86%), Staphylococcaceae_unclassified (27.39%) and Pediococcus (8.80%) were the dominated bacteria, while Petromyces (74.57%), Rhizopus (10.93%) and Penicillium (2.68%) were the most predominan...