The manufacturing industry consumes massive amounts of energy and produces great numbers of greenhouse gases every year. Recently, an increasing attention has been paid to the energy efficiency of the manufacturing industry. This paper considers a parallel batch processing machine (BPM) scheduling problem in the presence of dynamic job arrivals and a time-of-use pricing scheme. The objective is to simultaneously minimize makespan, a measure of production efficiency and minimize total electricity cost (TEC), an indicator for environmental sustai...
