Composting is one of the effective methods of disposing organic solid wastes. The microorganismsplay significant roles in the composting process. Therefore, it is of great importance for researchers toaccelerate fast maturity by studying microbial communities and dynamic changes during composting process.The traditional methods(cultivation approach, direct microscopic count and specific functional microbial studytechnique) and modern molecular biology technologies(modern biochemical method, modern molecular biologytechnology, high- throughpu...