Through the investigation of Sangzhi county in Hunan Province, this paper evaluated the free medical care effects especially township hospital full reimbursement mode in Sangzhi county on the base of 3 typical cases and the medical costs in different groups. After medical costs comparison, we found that the medical reform had poorer result on controlling the medical cost of rural child patient, and the rural adult patient didn't benefit much because the rising health care reimbursement was balanced out by the increasing of private expense, while the rural aged p...