The thermal conductivity of the straw ash concrete with the compressive strength of C20 was tested dependent on the sand ratio, the water cement ratio and the straw ash content by using steady state plate heat conduction tester. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the thermal conductivity of ash concrete and the straw ash content. When the rape straw was added, the thermal conductivity of the straw ash concrete was decreased by about 6.8% ~ 21.0% compared with the concrete block without straw ash. The thermal insulation performance of the straw ash concrete was imp...