Hunan rural small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)play an irreplaceable role in the development of the whole province's social economy. Due to their small scale, low barrier of capital and technology, low marketshare,remote location,these enterprises find it very hard to employ and retain human capital.Human resources become the bottleneck of rural SMEs in Hunan.In order to make an in-depth analysis,this paper carries out the method of questionnaire to explore problems existed in Hunan rural SMEs' human resources.We investigate reasons f...