Three biochar-based adsorbents, namely, original ecological biochar (BC), attapulgite-biochar composite (ABC), and FeCl3-attapulgite-biochar composite (FABC), were successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere in the study. The as-prepared samples were applied to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from soil. The characterization results of interfacial chemical behaviors of the adsorbents indicated that Fe-O-C metallic-organic complexes were generated on the surface of biochar when FeCl3 and ATP was added in the pyroly...