This study explored the association between cumulative ecological risk and academic achievement among adolescents from economically disadvantaged families and the mediating role of coping style and moderating effect of grit on this relationship. We recruited a sample of 509 students from economically disadvantaged families (classified as below the local income threshold) from Hunan Province, China. We conducted three surveys over two years (October 2018–October 2020). The results revealed that (1) cumulative ecological risk has a negative impa...