AdoptingamoA gene clone library construction method,this paper studied the diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA)and correlations between diversity index and urease activity in red soil vegetable field by different fertilization including decomposed organic fertilizer (DNPK),fresh organic fertilizer(FNPK),Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium chemical fertilizer(NPK), Phosphorus and Potassium chemical fertilizer(PK).The results showed that OTU quantity,Shannon index of AOB library and AOA library represented organic fertilizer (DNPK and FNPK) were higher t...