期刊论文

Xiang, P.

中文

应用生态学报

1001-9332

2006

17

11

2059-2063

国家高技术研究发展计划项目（2004AA115240）； 国家星火计划项目（2004EA770003,2004EA770030）； 湖南省教育厅资助项目（03C174）.；

本校为第一机构

在洞庭湖区研究了农田化肥的外部成本和经济生态施用量.采用环境影响经济评价方法,估算了化肥的外部成本;运用外部不经济性原理和生产函数模型研究了兼顾农户经济效益、生态效益的农田适宜施肥量.结果表明,2002年洞庭湖区粮食生产中因化肥施用不当而带来的外部成本约为1.35*10~8元,每千克纯氮的外部成本约为0.3元.在洞庭湖区目前生产条件下,兼顾生产、经济、生态三效益的适宜施肥量是208.26～210.65 kg·hm~(-2),相应的粮食产量为5528～5539 kg·hm~(-2).2002年洞庭湖区粮食生产实际施肥量已超过农户经济最优施肥量和生态适宜施肥量,建议政府在一些化肥高投入、高污染的地区征收环境污染税.

This paper studied the exterior cost of applying chemical fertilizer on the farmland in Dongting Lake area, one of the main foodstuff production regions in China, aimed to search for an optimal chemical fertilizer application rate accorded with local economic and ecological benefits. The exterior cost was estimated by the method of economic and environmental evaluation, while the optimal application rate was calculated based on Exterior Diseconomy Theory and by using production function model, with both ecological and farmers' economic benefits considered. The results showed that in 2002, the ...