To address environmental pollution from agricultural non-point sources, it is feasible to reduce nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) inputs in farmland ecosystems. However, the combined effects of simultaneously reducing both N and P fertilizers remain unclear. Hence, we carried out a two-year field experiment (2020–2022) in the Dongting Lake region, China, to examine the impact of decreasing N and P fertilizer inputs on the soil properties, N and P runoff losses, and grain yields under rice-oilseed rape rotation in southern China. Compared to trad...
