Self-reflection, centered on the introspection and evaluation of one's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in relation to self-concerns, occupies a central place in understanding the dynamics of mental health. The dual-factor model of mental health suggests that mental health has both positive and negative dimensions. Nonetheless, the relationship between self-reflection and mental health is a source of continuous controversy. This study is dedicated to thoroughly examining the connection between self-reflection and various mental health indicators and exploring the moderating effects of cultura...