Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Beijing Changping Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 102200, China

[Renlian Zhang] State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Road, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China

[Yunxiang Huang] College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

[Li Niu] Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Beijing Changping Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 102200, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Road, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China

[Li Niu; Huaiyu Long] A

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Beijing Changping Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 102200, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Road, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Road, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China

okra;nitrogen;soil moisture fluctuation;physiological characteristics;yield