This article analyzed some cases of the floating children from the rural labor family who failed to receive the education of their age in Xiangtan, Hunan Province, and concludes that the key problem preventing them from proper education of their age is related to their survival environment: First, the national financial budget to education based on the so called household registration system is the main cause to prevent the floating children from peasant laborer from schooling, and it is necessary to establish a set of policy arrangement in na...