A large area of membrane surface and intracellular immune receptors have been evolved in higher plants to sense various pathogen signals and prevent pathogen invasion. Among them, pattern recognition receptors on the cell surface activate basic immune response after sensing pattern molecules, while nucleotide-bounding leucine-rich repeat proteins(NLRs) activate specific immune response by sensing effector proteins secreted by pathogenic microorganisms,resulting in hypersensitivity and cell death. In this review, the latest research progress of plant immunity is mainly reviewed from the aspects...
