Utilizing an acid-resistant biological soil crust (BSC) species that we discovered, we developed a device capable of efficiently removing cadmium (Cd) from mine wastewater with varying levels of acidity. Our research has demonstrated that this particular BSC species adapts to acidic environments by regulating the balance of fatty acids and acid-resistant enzymes. At a Cd concentration of 5 mg/L, the BSC grew well. When the initial Cd concentration was 2 mg/L, and the flow rate was set at 1 mL/min (at pH levels of 3, 4, and 5), BSC had a high removal rate of Cd, and the removal rate increased w...
