The concentrated poverty area is the main battlefield of poverty alleviation in China. The sustainable livelihood framework is an important theory to think about the factors contributing to poverty and its formation process. Taking the Hunan Wuling Mountain area as an example, it first diagnoses the poverty characteristics of the Wuling Mountain area in Hunan, and then analyzes the causes of poverty from five aspects such as natural capital, human capital, financial capital, material capital and social capital, and finally puts forward the optim...