The purpose of this paper is to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in mountainous and hilly area in China.The research methods include landscape index analysis,spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial analysis.The results show that the rural settlement density in Taoyuan county and its land use scale spatial characteristics are significant;the settlement overall shape is simple;the Yuanshui,Baiyang River and Yan River Basin′settlement shape is relatively complex;the rule is not obvious.The spatial distribu...