期刊论文

中文

中国农业科学

0578-1752

2006

39

12

2531-2537

10.3321/j.issn:0578-1752.2006.12.018

国家星火计划资助项目（2004EA770030）； 湖南省教育厅资助项目（03C174）；

本校为第一机构

[目的]以中国粮食主产区之一的洞庭湖区为研究对象，研究氮肥的外部成本和稻田经济生态最佳投入量。[方法]采用环境影响经济评价方法估算氮肥的外部成本，运用外部不经济性原理和生产函数模型方法研究兼顾农户经济效益、生态效益的稻田适宜施氮量。[结果]2002年洞庭湖区因氮肥施用不当带来的渔业损失0．1×10^7元，饮用水源污染损失1．02×10^8元，旅游业损失0．9×10^7元和居住环境损失0．3×10^7元。每公斤纯氨的外部成本约为0．41元。兼顾生产与农户经济效益的施氨量为138kg·ha^-1，兼顾生产与生态效益的施氮量为137kg·ha^-1。[结论]洞庭湖区实际施氮量已经达到并超过农户经济效益最佳施氮...

[Objective] The external costs and the optimum use of nitrogen fertilizer based on the balance of economic and ecological benefits was studied in the paddy field system of the Dongting Lake area, one of the main food production regions in China. [Method] The environmental impact was economically evaluated. The optimum Uue of nitrogen fertilizer was calculated based on the exterior diseconomy theory and economic benefits were considered. [Result] by using the production function model. Both ecological benefits and farmers＇ It was calculated the...