Excessive application of nitrogen fertilization in farmland systems can cause nitrogen wastage, environmental pollution, and increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Dense planting is one of the efficient strategies for nitrogen fertilizer reduction within rice production. However, there are paying weak attention to the integrative effect of dense planting with less nitrogen (DPLN) on carbon footprint (CF), net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB) and its components in double-cropping rice systems. Herein, this work aims to elucidate the effect via field experiments in double-cropping rice cultiv...
