Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a globally significant overwintering oilseed crop. Polyamine oxidase (PAO), an evolutionarily conserved family of FAD-binding proteins, plays crucial roles in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress. However, there is a scarcity of systematic identification and functional analysis of the PAO gene family in rapeseed. In this study, we identified 8, 7, 9, 16, 14 and 13 PAO genes in the genomes of B. rapa, B. nigra, B. oleracea, B. napus, B. juncea and B. carinata, respectively, which can be categorized into three subgroups: PAO1, PAO2/3/4, and PA...