After treating of 30Gy, 50Gy and 80Gy 12C heavy ion beam irradiation on rapeseed, the effects of botanical characters,quality characters, chromosome behavior and DNA molecular polymorphism were studied. The results are as follows: Treatments of 50Gy and 80Gy 12C heavy ion beam irradiation can make the growth duration earlier and change the botanical characters of rapeseed. These botanical characters include larger leaves of the plant, luxuriant growth, improved agronomy characters. Some plants have variations such as tumor-like root, dwarf stem...