This paper uses the DEA method to calculate the efficiency of grain production compensation policy of China from 2004 to 2011. The results show that the effect of the implementing of grain production compensation policy on grain production is not significant,and takes on the repeated fluctuation. According to the implementing characteristics of grain production compensation policy,it uses DID to evaluate the effect of grain production compensation policy,and analyzes the policy effect on the increasing of grain yield. The research shows,there is positive effect of grain subsidy policy on the i...