This paper analyzes the influence of farmland institution change in China on agricultural output and farmers' income in three stages (1958-1977,1978-2002 and 2003-2010) by using the period weight two-stage EGLS method. The result shows as follows; farmland institution change itself,the endogenous effect of it on agricultural labor input and agricultural capital input all affect agricultural output and farmers' in- come ,and the economic performance of farmland institution change is obvious;in the environment of two-tier management system ba...