施氮量与机插密度对超级稻Y两优1号产量和氮肥利用率的影响
作者:
王玉梅;谢小兵;陈佳娜;单双吕;曹放波;...
期刊:
杂交水稻 ,2016年31(4):47-53 ISSN:1005-3956
作者机构:
[王玉梅; 谢小兵; 陈佳娜; 单双吕; 曹放波; 高伟; 李志斌; 周雪峰; 黄敏; 邹应斌] 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
超级杂交稻;Y两优1号;施氮量;机插密度;产量;氮肥利用率
摘要:
在湖南长沙以超级稻Y两优1号为材料,研究了机插秧条件下栽插密度和施氮量对产量表现及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:产量随机插密度增加而增加,随施氮量的增加先增后降,机插密度和施氮量均通过增加有效穗数来增加产量;产量最高的处理组合为N1D1(施氮量170 kg /hm~2, 密度36.4万穴/hm~2, 产量9.57 t /hm~2), 其次为N1D2(施氮量170 kg /hm~2, 密度为28.6万穴/hm~2, 产量9.45 t /hm~2)和N2D1(施氮量240 kg /hm~2, 密度为36.4万穴/hm~2, 产量9.38 t /hm~2) 。降低施氮量或增加机插密度能提高氮肥吸收利用率和氮肥偏生产力。在施氮量为170 kg /hm~2、机插密度为28.6万~ 36.4万穴/hm~2条件下,既可以获得高产,又可以提高氮肥利用率。
语种:
中文
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机插条件下低氮密植栽培对"早晚兼用"双季稻产量和氮素吸收利用的影响
作者:
陈佳娜;曹放波;谢小兵;单双吕;高伟;...
期刊:
作物学报 ,2016年42(8):1176-1187 ISSN:0496-3490
通讯作者:
Zou, Y.-B.
作者机构:
[谢小兵; 李志斌; 黄敏; 陈佳娜; 邹应斌; Shan S.-L.; 曹放波; 高伟] Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
[Zou, Y.-B.] A;Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
双季稻;机插密度;施氮量;产量;氮素利用率
摘要:
为了缓解长江中下游双季稻区机插双季稻生育期不配套的矛盾, 2014-2015年早晚两季均以常规早稻品种中嘉早17为材料,在大田栽培条件下研究机插密度(36.4、28.6、19.0穴m~(-2))与施氮量(0、110~140、176~189 kg N hm~(-2))对机插双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:采用"早晚兼用"机插双季稻栽培模式有利于早、晚2季周年高产,以"高密+高氮"处理产量最高, 2年分别达到16.94 t hm~(-2)和16.99 t hm~(-2),但与"高密+低氮"处理的产量差异不显著;氮肥利用率随氮肥用量增加而下降,随栽插密度增加而提高,以"高密+低氮"处理最高, 2年4季分别为62.77%、 55.75%、65.82%、64.37%,比"高密+高氮"处理分别提高12.11%、9.01%、8.49%、2.14%;"高密+低氮"处理与"低密+高氮"处理相比,群体干物质积累量及辐射利用率均有一定的优势。由此可见,在此模式下适当增加机插密度,减少氮肥用量,既可实现高产,又能显著提高氮素利用率。采用"早晚兼用"品种搭配模式,低氮、密植栽培可作为长江中下游双季稻区机插双季稻生产的关键技术。
语种:
中文
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水稻降镉剂JGLY-2的施用方法及应用效果初探
作者:
熊海蓉;张先文;熊远福;刘祺文;邹应斌
期刊:
广东农业科学 ,2016年43(9):82-89 ISSN:1004-874X
作者机构:
湖南农业大学分析测试中心,湖南长沙,410128;湖南农业大学生物科技学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南农业大学理学院,湖南长沙,4101282;湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙,410128;[熊海蓉; 邹应斌; 熊远福; 刘祺文; 张先文] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;镉污染;水稻降镉剂;施用方法;应用效果
摘要:
为了探明水稻降镉剂的施用方法及应用效果,通过包衣、浸种、叶喷3种施用方式的发芽试验,测定了降镉剂JGLY-2处理种子或秧苗后水稻的发芽率、苗素质及苗体镉、锌、锰、铁含量.结果显示:降镉剂3种施用方式的最佳用量分别为包衣比1:20、浸种比1:20、叶喷5 g.与对照相比,用降镉剂3种施用方式处理后,秧苗镉、锰含量分别降低30.30%~49.57%、7.46% ~ 19.18%;秧苗干重、锌含量分别提高0.62%~8.62%、0.20%~15.94%.表明水稻降镉剂能显著降低水稻镉含量,减轻镉胁迫对水稻的危害,是一种降低水稻镉污染的有效药剂.
语种:
中文
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Factors contributing to the superior post-heading nutrient uptake by no-tillage rice
作者:
Huang, Min* ;Zhou, Xuefeng;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Zou, Yingbin;...
期刊:
Field Crops Research ,2016年185:40-44 ISSN:0378-4290
通讯作者:
Huang, Min
作者机构:
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Jiang, Ligeng; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Ligeng] Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
No-tillage;Nutrient uptake;Rhizosphere soil;Rice;Root physiology
摘要:
No-tillage (NT) is expected to be an alternative practice for rice production in China since it has potential benefits including labor saving and soil conservation. NT can lead to superior post-heading nutrient uptake and consequently increased post-heading biomass production in rice, but limited information is available on the factors contributing to the superior post-heading nutrient uptake. In this study, post-heading nutrient uptake and related soil and root characteristics were compared between NT and conventional tillage (CT) rice in field experiments in Changsha, Hunan Province of China in 2013 and 2014 and Nanning, Guangxi Province of China in 2014. Results showed that post-heading N, P and K uptake were 28-49% higher under NT than under CT. NT had 10-18% higher available N, P and K contents and 5-9% higher root distribution percentage at 0-5 cm soil depth and consequently 11-16% higher rhizophere soil available N, P and K contents than CT. There was no significant difference in rhizophere soil pH between NT and CT. NT had equal root biomass, length and surface but 37-49% higher root oxidation activity compared to CT. These results suggest that improvement in nutrient supply and root physiology are responsible for the superior post-heading nutrient uptake by NT rice. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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Long-term effect of no-tillage on soil organic carbon and nitrogen in an irrigated rice-based cropping system
作者:
Huang, Min* ;Zhou, Xuefeng;Cao, Fangbo;Zou, Yingbin*
期刊:
Paddy and Water Environment ,2016年14(2):367-371 ISSN:1611-2490
通讯作者:
Huang, Min;Zou, Yingbin
作者机构:
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min; Zou, YB] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Huang, M; Zou, YB] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
No-tillage;Irrigated rice;Soil nitrogen;Soil organic carbon
摘要:
A 10-year field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of no-tillage (NT) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) in an irrigated rice-based cropping system. The results showed that concentrations of SOC, soil total N (STN), and soil organic N (SON) were higher at 0–5 cm depth but lower at 5–10 cm depth under NT than conventional tillage (CT), while at 10–20 cm depth the differences were not significant. Consequently, stocks of SOC, STN, and SON under NT were higher at 0–5 cm depth but lower at 5–10 cm depth than those under CT. However, no significant differences were observed in stocks of SOC, STN, and SON at 0–20 cm depth between NT and CT, indicating that the lower st ocks of SOC, STN, and SON at 5–10 cm depth could offset the greater stocks of them at 0–5 cm depth under NT. In addition, there were no significant differences in soil inorganic N concentration and soil C:N ratio between NT and CT at all the three depths. Our study suggests that (1) NT farming does not necessarily store SOC and N more than CT soils for the upper soil layer and (2) converting from CT to NT farming may not cause a significant change in soil N mineralization in the irrigated rice-based cropping systems. ©2015, The International Society of Paddy and Water Environment Engineering and Springer Japan.
语种:
英文
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Improving physiological N-use efficiency by increasing harvest index in rice: A case in super-hybrid cultivar Guiliangyou 2
作者:
Huang, Min* ;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Jiang, Ligeng;Zou, Yingbin* ;...
期刊:
Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ,2016年62(5):725-743 ISSN:0365-0340
通讯作者:
Huang, Min;Zou, Yingbin
作者机构:
[Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min; Zou, YB; Jiang, Ligeng] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Ligeng] Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Guofu] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Nanning, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Huang, M; Zou, YB] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
harvest index;physiological N-use efficiency;remobilization of stored reserves;super-hybrid rice
摘要:
Field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to compare grain yield, yield attributes and physiological N-use efficiency between two super-hybrid rice cultivars: (1) with the potential of high harvest index and physiological N-use efficiency (Guiliangyou 2) and (2) a representative super-hybrid rice cultivar (Y-liangyou 1). No significant difference in grain yield was observed between Guiliangyou 2 and Y-liangyou 1, whereas there were obvious differences in yield attributes between the two cultivars. Compared with Y-liangyou 1, Guiliangyou 2 had 8–10% lower biomass production but 14–18% higher harvest index. Consequently, physiological N-use efficiency was 18–20% higher in Guiliangyou 2 than in Y-liangyou 1. The higher harvest index in Guiliangyou 2 was mainly attributed to enhanced remobilization of stored reserves in the growing grain than in Y-liangyou 1. Larger panicle neck diameter and thinner leaves were partially responsible for the enhanced remobilization of stored reserves in Guiliangyou 2 as compared to Y-liangyou 1. Our results suggest that Guiliangyou 2 is a unique super-hybrid rice cultivar that achieves high grain yield by increasing harvest index and N-use efficiency.
语种:
英文
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耕作方式对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮的动态影响
作者:
唐先亮;魏甲彬;周玲红;徐华勤;邹应斌;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2016年30(3):282-287 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌; 周玲红; 魏甲彬; 唐剑武; 徐华勤; 唐先亮] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
稻田;耕作方式;土壤微生物量碳;土壤微生物量氮
摘要:
为了探讨不同耕作方式对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮动态变化的影响,本研究就长期免耕和常规翻耕两种耕作方式,针对水稻不同生育期稻田0~20 cm 土层土壤微生物量碳氮含量变化进行了分析。结果表明,免耕处理土壤有机质显著增加了13.09%。翻耕处理水稻各生育期土壤微生物量碳氮含量基本高于免耕处理。翻耕处理土壤微生物量碳含量在水稻种植前和收割后两个时期分别比免耕高20.58%和16.79%,差异显著,其他时期差异不明显;翻耕处理土壤微生物量氮含量在水稻分蘖后期、孕穗期、黄熟期、收割后四个时期分别比免耕高31.70%、38.42%、41.82%和98.96%,差异显著。免耕处理土壤微生物量碳氮比率基本高于翻耕处理。因此,免耕有利于土壤有机质的积累,而翻耕方式更有利于微生物活动,提高土壤微生物量碳、氮含量,并且翻耕处理有利于提高土壤氮素有效性。
语种:
中文
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单本密植机插对杂交稻生长和产量的影响
作者:
谢小兵;王玉梅;黄敏;赵春容;陈佳娜;...
期刊:
作物学报 ,2016年42(6):924-931 ISSN:0496-3490
通讯作者:
Zou, Y.-B.
作者机构:
[周雪峰; 高伟; 陈佳娜; 王玉梅; 赵春容; 曹放波; Shan S.-L.; 李志斌; 黄敏; 谢小兵; 范龙; 邹应斌] Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
[Zou, Y.-B.] A;Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
杂交稻;单本密植机插;干物质;辐射利用率;产量
摘要:
为了研究单本密植机插和常规机插对杂交稻分蘖动态、干物质积累、辐射利用率和产量及产量构成的影响,在湖南省浏阳市以杂交稻泰优390、五优308为材料和在广东省肇庆市以五优308为材料,进行印刷播种和常规播种的秧苗素质比较以及单本密植机插和常规机插的大田栽培试验。结果表明,两试验点印刷播种的叶龄、白根数、总根数、茎基宽、地上部干重和地下部干重均明显高于常规播种。单本密植机插的最高分蘖数和有效分蘖数显著低于常规机插,但单本密植机插的每穗粒数、总颖花数、结实率和千粒重高于常规机插,增产10.28%~13.96%,达到显著水平。从穗部性状来看,单本密植机插的一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、穗长、着粒密度和单穗重均显著高于常规机插。在生长前期,单本密植机插的干物质积累和叶面积指数低于常规机插,而成熟期干物质量比常规机插高0.61%~9.45%,且收获指数显著高于常规机插。此外,单本密植机插的截获辐射量和截获率低于常规机插,而辐射利用率显著高于常规机插。由此可见,杂交稻单本密植机插不仅可以降低用种量、提高秧苗素质,还能增加每穗粒数、总颖花数、千粒重及提高结实率、收获指数和辐射利用率,从而获得高产。
语种:
中文
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不同穗型超级稻品种籽粒灌浆特性
作者:
魏颖娟;赵杨;邹应斌
期刊:
作物学报 ,2016年42(10):1516-1529 ISSN:0496-3490
通讯作者:
Zou, Y.-B.
作者机构:
[赵杨; 魏颖娟; 邹应斌] Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构:
[Zou, Y.-B.] A;Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
超级稻;籽粒灌浆;产量;生理指标
摘要:
为探明不同穗粒型超级稻产量构成特点、籽粒灌浆特性及其与后期生理指标的关系。以不同生育期品种准两优527、两优培九、Y两优1号、玉香油占、黄花占为试验材料,在大田栽培条件下分期播种以确保不同生育期品种在相似的温光条件下灌浆结实。结果表明,不同播期平均产量及其构成因子的品种间差异显著,以两优培九产量最高(9.47 t hm~(–2)),玉香油占产量最低(8.39 t hm~(–2))。依据每穗粒数和千粒重系统聚类分析,可将品种分为大粒型(准两优527)、中粒型(两优培九、Y两优1号)和小粒型(玉香油占、黄花占)。籽粒灌浆强度及持续时间的品种间差异明显。其中,大粒型品种籽粒灌浆起步快、强度大、峰值持续时间短,上、中、下部枝梗籽粒均为一段式灌浆;中粒型品种籽粒灌浆起步快、强度较小、峰值持续时间长,其上部枝梗籽粒为一段式灌浆,中、下部枝梗籽粒为两段式灌浆,高峰值分别在抽穗后12~18 d和24~30 d;小粒型品种籽粒灌浆起步慢、强度小、峰值持续时间长,其上、中部枝梗籽粒为一段式灌浆,下部枝梗籽粒为两段式灌浆。平均籽粒灌浆速率与品种的穗粒类型密切相关,其中,大粒型品种为0.68 mg d~(–1),中粒型品种为0.48~0.51 mg d~(–1),小粒型品种为0.41~0.47 mg d~(–1)。籽粒灌浆强度及持续时间与后期剑叶、根系生理指标有关,籽粒灌浆启动后,叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b值、类胡萝卜素含量逐渐降低,剑叶可溶性糖含量、 MDA含量逐渐上升, POD活性、CAT活性及根系活力先后出现2次升降过程。可见,不同穗粒型超级稻品种产量构成及籽粒灌浆特点的差异明显,籽粒灌浆强度及持续时间与品种的穗粒型及枝梗着生的部位有关,也与后期剑叶及根系衰老生理指标的变化趋势一致。
语种:
中文
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Raising potential yield of short-duration rice cultivars is possible by increasing harvest index [Augmenter le potentiel de rendement de variétés de riz de cycle court est possible par l’augmentation de l’indice de récolte]
作者:
Huang, Min* ;Yin, Xiaohong;Jiang, Ligeng;Zou, Yingbin;Deng, Guofu
期刊:
BIOTECHNOLOGIE AGRONOMIE SOCIETE ET ENVIRONNEMENT ,2015年19(2):153-159 ISSN:1370-6233
通讯作者:
Huang, Min
作者机构:
[Yin, Xiaohong; Zou, Yingbin; Jiang, Ligeng; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Ligeng] Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Provinc, Peoples R China.;[Zou, Yingbin] Jiangxi Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Modernizat Prod Double Cro, Nanchang 330035, Jiangxi Provinc, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Guofu] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Nanning 530007, Guangxi Provinc, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Agronomic characters;Crop yield;Harvest index;Leaf area index;Life cycle;Rice
摘要:
Description of the subject. Further increases in rice yield potential are generally thought to require greater biomass assimilation. This study presents a new cultivar that draws greater yield from increased harvest index (HI). Objectives. Our objective was to identify the physiological traits that are critical to the high yield of a recently developed short-duration rice cultivar Guiliangyou 2 (GLY2). Method. GLY2 and a check cultivar Yuxiangyouzhan (YXYZ) were grown in a field at the Experimental Farm of Guangxi University, Guangxi province, southern China in early and late rice-growing seasons in 2013. Grain yield, yield components, canopy characteristics including leaf area index (LAI), leaf N content (LNC), leaf area duration (LAD) and assimilation rate (NAR), biomass accumulation, and harvest index were determined for each cultivar in each season. Results. GLY2 produced 17–38% higher grain yield than YXYZ with the same growth duration. Spikelets per m2 and grain weight were higher in GLY2 than in YXYZ by 11–13% and 6–17%, respectively. GLY2 had higher LAI and LAD but lower LNC and NAR than YXYZ. As a consequence of the compensation between the canopy characteristics, there was no significant difference in biomass accumulation between the two cultivars. Harvest index of GLY2 was 13–23% higher than that of YXYZ. Large sink size, high remobilization of stored reserves and maintained biomass production after heading were responsible for the high HI of GLY2. Conclusions. Our study suggests that it is possible to increase HI together with grain yield by improving the potential sink size and the remobilization of stored reserves while maintaining high LAI and LAD in short-duration rice. © 2015, FAC UNIV SCIENCES AGRONOMIQUES GEMBLOUX. All rights reserved.
语种:
英文
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机插密度与氮肥运筹对中嘉早17产量形成及氮肥利用率的影响
作者:
陈佳娜;谢小兵;伍丹丹;曹放波;单双吕;...
期刊:
中国水稻科学 ,2015年29(6):628-636 ISSN:1001-7216
作者机构:
湖南农业大学 农学院,长沙,410128;[李志斌; 曹放波; 邹应斌; 谢小兵; 陈佳娜; 高伟; 单双吕; 伍丹丹] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
双季稻;机插秧;栽插密度;氮肥
摘要:
针对长江流域双季稻机插秧发展缓慢的问题,以常规早稻品种中嘉早17为材料,在大田条件下研究了栽插密度与氮肥用量对机插双季稻产量的影响.结果表明,机插双季稻产量并未随栽插密度增加而显著增加.以高密(36.4万穴/hm~2)+高氮(施纯氮量早稻175.5 kg/hm~2,晚稻189 kg/hm~2)处理产量最高,其中,早稻为7.80 t/hm~2,晚稻为9.05 t/hm~2,但与高密+中氮(施纯氮量早稻110 kg/hm~2,晚稻140 kg/hm~2)处理产量差异不显著,且栽插密度和施氮量间互作效应不显著.氮肥利用率随氮肥用量增加而下降,随栽插密度增加而提高.其中,氮肥吸收利用率中氮比高氮平均增加13.26%,高密度比低密度平均增加17.53%.由此可见,提高栽插密度,减少氮肥用量,既可通过大幅增加有效穗以实现高产,又能显著提高氮肥利用率.少氮密植可作为长江流域机插双季稻高产高效栽培的关键技术.
语种:
中文
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多熟种植制度下水稻高光效栽培的策略
作者:
唐启源;邹应斌;雷恩;黄敏;陈佳娜
作者机构:
[唐启源; 邹应斌; 雷恩; 黄敏; 陈佳娜] 湖南农业大学农学院
会议名称:
作物多熟种植与国家粮油安全高峰论坛
会议时间:
2015-10-15
会议地点:
长沙
会议论文集名称:
作物多熟种植与国家粮油安全高峰论坛论文集
关键词:
多熟制;水稻;高光合效率;作物辐射利用率(RUE)
摘要:
本文阐述了水稻高光效栽培的概念与多熟制水稻高光效栽培的内涵,提出了种植制度高光效、栽培季节高光效、栽培方式高光效等多熟种植制度下水稻高光效栽培的途径,并进行了具体的实例分析。
语种:
中文
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不同种植地点超级杂交稻产量及氮磷钾吸收积累特点
作者:
夏冰;赵杨;魏颖娟;黄敏;敖和军;...
期刊:
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) ,2015年41(5):547-557 ISSN:1008-9209
作者机构:
[夏冰; 赵杨; 魏颖娟; 黄敏; 敖和军; 邹应斌] 湖南农业大学农学院
关键词:
超级稻;产量;氮磷钾养分;地点
摘要:
为探明不同生态条件下超级杂交稻产量与氮、磷、钾养分的吸收积累特点及其基因型差异。以两优培九、中浙优1号等8个代表性的超级杂交稻品种为材料,普通杂交稻汕优63和超级常规稻胜泰1号为对照,于2007—2009年在湖南省桂东、长沙、南县进行了大田栽培试验。结果表明不同基因型超级杂交稻产量与氮磷钾养分吸收量的地点间、年度间、品种间差异显著。不同超级杂交稻品种产量3年3地点平均为9.32~10.25 t/hm~2,比汕优63增产5.1%~15.6%,比胜泰1号增产8.9%~19.7%;氮、磷、钾养分需要量分别为18.48~19.85 kg,3.75~4.63 kg和15.90~17.40 kg;氮、磷、钾养分吸收量分别为177.69~189.09 kg/hm~2,36.94~39.80 kg/hm~2和153.38~165.39 kg/hm~2,其中稻谷中氮素、磷素分别为61.2%~65.3%和67.6%~74.4%,稻草中钾素为86.9%~89.6%;氮素吸收率在分蘖中期约为20%,穗分化期25%~30%,抽穗期30%~40%,成熟期约为20%;磷素分别约15%,20%~30%,40%~45%,10%~20%;钾素分别为15%~20%,25%~35%,30%~40%,15%~20%。可见,超级杂交稻具有显著的增产优势,养分需要量低于对照品种,说明超级杂交稻有利于实现高产与养分高效利用相协调。
语种:
中文
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施氮量对华南双季超级稻产量和干物质生产的影响
作者:
谢小兵;蒋鹏;黄敏;曹放波;周雪峰;...
期刊:
中国稻米 ,2015年(4):163-169 ISSN:1006-8082
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[蒋鹏] 湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128;四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所/农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,四川德阳618000;国家水稻改良中心四川泸州分中心,四川泸州646100;[曹放波; 邹应斌; 黄敏; 谢小兵; 张瑞春; 陈佳娜; 周雪峰; 伍丹丹] 湖南农业大学
会议名称:
全国第十六届水稻优质高产理论与技术研讨会
会议时间:
2015-08-25
会议地点:
贵阳
会议论文集名称:
全国第十六届水稻优质高产理论与技术研讨会论文集
关键词:
双季超级稻;施氮量;产量;干物质
摘要:
以两优培九、Y两优1号、玉香油占和黄华占为材料,研究了施氮量对华南双季超级稻产量和干物质生产的影响。结果表明,施氮量对产量、有效穗数、每穗粒数和总颖花数的影响达显著水平,对结实率和千粒重的影响不显著,2011年N2(225 kg/hm^2)条件下的产量显著高于N1(112.5 kg/hm^2),早、晚稻增幅分别为6.33%-13.39%和11.53%-25.06%,而2012年N1(161-176 kg/hm^2)和N2之间的产量差异不显著;与N0相比,增施氮肥可以显著增加干物质量,提高作物生长速率,但2012年N1和N2之间差异不显著。2年各品种N1的氮肥利用率要高于N2,其中氮肥偏生产力达到显著水平。因此,华南双季稻区早、晚稻在施氮量为161-176 kg/hm^2的条件下分别种植生育期较长和生育期较短的超级稻品种,可以在足够穗数的基础上增加每穗粒数或穗重并积累较多的干物质,从而有利于产量和氮肥利用率的提高。
语种:
中文
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Root Morphology Was Improved in a Late-Stage Vigor Super Rice Cultivar
作者:
Huang, Min* ;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Jiang, Ligeng;Zou, Yingbin
期刊:
PLOS ONE ,2015年10(11):e0142977 ISSN:1932-6203
通讯作者:
Huang, Min
作者机构:
[Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Jiang, Ligeng; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Ligeng] Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Rice;Shoot growth;Fine roots;Leaves;Panicles;Chlorophyll;Photosynthesis;Root growth
摘要:
This study aimed to test the hypothesis that root morphology might be improved and consequently contributing to superior post-heading shoot growth and grain yield in late-stage vigor super rice. A pot experiment was carried out to compare yield attributes, shoot growth and physiological properties and root morphological traits between a late-stage vigor super rice cultivar (Y-liangyou 087) and an elite rice cultivar (Teyou 838). Grain yield and total shoot biomass were 7-9% higher in Y-liangyou 087 than in Teyou 838. Y-liangyou 087 had 60-64% higher post-heading shoot growth rate and biomass production than Teyou 838. Average relative chlorophyll concentration and net photosynthetic rate in flag leaves were 7-11% higher in Y-liangyou 087 than in Teyou 838 during heading to 25 days after heading. Y-liangyou 087 had 41% higher post-heading shoot N uptake but 17-25% lower root biomass and root-shoot ratio at heading and maturity than Teyou 838. Specific root length and length and surface area of fine roots were higher in Y-liangyou 087 than in Teyou 838 at heading and maturity by more than 15%. These results indicated that root-shoot relationships were well balanced during post-heading phase in the late-stage vigor super rice cultivar Y-liangyou 087 by improving root morphology including avoiding a too great root biomass and developing a large fine root system. © 2015 Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
语种:
英文
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双季晚稻机插品种筛选
作者:
曹放波;陈佳娜;谢小兵;单双吕;邹应斌
期刊:
中国稻米 ,2015年(4):205-207 ISSN:1006-8082
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[曹放波; 邹应斌; 谢小兵; 陈佳娜; 单双吕] 湖南农业大学
会议名称:
全国第十六届水稻优质高产理论与技术研讨会
会议时间:
2015-08-25
会议地点:
贵阳
会议论文集名称:
全国第十六届水稻优质高产理论与技术研讨会论文集
关键词:
双季晚稻;机插秧;产量
摘要:
随着经济的快速发展和农村劳动力的大量转移,机械化已成为水稻生产发展的重要方向。为了筛选适宜湖南地区机械化高效生产的晚稻品种,以H优518等11个组合为材料,在大田栽培条件下研究了其产量及生育期表现。结果表明,保证足够的有效穗数和安全齐穗是双季晚稻机插获得高产的前提。因此,在湖南进行双季晚稻机插,应选择生育期相对适中,分蘖力较强,穗粒结构协调的品种。
语种:
中文
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彩色稻含氮化合物与可溶性糖含量的比较研究
作者:
阳树英;邹应斌;刘少坤;赵则胜;李铮;...
期刊:
中国稻米 ,2015年(2):8-12 ISSN:1006-8082
作者机构:
湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院;湖南农业大学农学院;上海交通大学农学院;[李铮; 邹应斌; 彭茜; 阳树英; 刘少坤] 湖南农业大学;[赵则胜] 上海交通大学
关键词:
彩色稻;L-脯氨酸;可溶性蛋白;可溶性糖;总氮含量;糙米
摘要:
通过对不同品种彩色稻含氮化合物含量的比较与相关性分析,筛选出增香潜力大的彩色功能稻种质资源,为彩色稻的增香研究提供可行性技术参数。结果表明,各品种糙米的全氮含量高低依次为上农红粳〉上农黑糯〉红香玉〉白巨胚〉绿稻〉黑巨胚〉红玉巨胚;可溶性糖含量高低依次为上农红粳〉红玉巨胚〉红香玉〉白巨胚〉绿稻〉红巨胚〉上农黑糯;其可溶性蛋白质含量高低依次为红玉巨胚〉黑巨胚〉白巨胚〉上农黑糯〉绿稻〉上农红粳〉红香玉;L-脯氨酸含量高低依次为白巨胚〉绿稻〉红玉巨胚〉上农黑糯〉红香玉〉黑巨胚〉上农红粳;并且各品种间各生理性状差异极显著。上农红粳、上农黑糯、红玉巨胚、绿稻糙米的L-脯氨酸含量与糙米总氮含量正相关;上农黑糯、绿稻、黑巨胚、红玉巨胚的L-脯氨酸含量与可溶性糖含量负相关(其中绿稻为显著负相关);上农红粳、上农黑糯、绿稻、红玉巨胚谷粒颖果的L-脯氨酸含量与可溶性蛋白含量负相关,并与总氮含量正相关。因此,上农黑糯、绿稻、上农红粳、红玉巨胚的增香潜力比较大。
语种:
中文
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低温胁迫下早稻幼苗叶片和根系的生理指标变化及其品种间差异
作者:
赵杨;魏颖娟;邹应斌
期刊:
核农学报 ,2015年29(4):792-798 ISSN:1000-8551
作者机构:
[赵杨; 魏颖娟; 邹应斌] 湖南农业大学农学院
关键词:
早稻幼苗;低温;叶片;根系;生理响应
摘要:
为了探讨早稻幼苗叶片和根系对低温胁迫的生理响应,以低温胁迫(5℃,3d)下幼苗死苗率为评价指标筛选出的2个耐寒品种(株两优505、金优268)和2个冷敏感品种(中嘉早17、株两优819)为试验材料,研究低温胁迫(10℃,5d)下幼苗叶片和根系生理指标的变化。结果表明:1)低温处理期间,叶片SOD、CAT活性表现为先升后降的变化,在处理后1d达到最大值,根系表现为缓慢增加趋势,在处理后5d达到最大值。叶片MDA含量增加趋势相似,而根系中耐寒品种MDA含量缓慢增加,冷敏感品种则急剧增加。叶片和根系的可溶性蛋白含量变化不同,其中叶片为先增后降,根系则先降后增。2)常温恢复期间,耐寒品种叶片SOD、CAT活性可恢复到处理前水平,但根系和冷敏感品种叶片均不能恢复。叶片MDA含量先增加后减少,而根系中耐寒品种含量则相对稳定,冷敏感品种仍继续增加。耐寒品种叶片可溶性蛋白含量可恢复增加,但根系和冷敏感叶片不能恢复,甚至明显降低。由此可知,低温胁迫条件下,早稻幼苗叶片的生理响应较根系敏感,且在叶片和根系中耐寒品种生理变化较冷敏感品种均敏感。本文为进一步研究水稻幼苗叶片和根系抵御低温冷害的不同生理机制提供参考依据。
语种:
中文
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水稻伤流液研究进展
作者:
陈佳娜;谢小兵;伍丹丹;邹应斌
期刊:
中国农学通报 ,2015年31(9):9-12 ISSN:1000-6850
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[邹应斌; 谢小兵; 陈佳娜; 伍丹丹] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;伤流液;根系伤流液;伤流强度
摘要:
水稻根系伤流液可作为其研究根系活力和诊断营养状况的主要依据,同时与水稻地上部分的生长以及产量关系密切。系统综述了水稻根系伤流液的组成成分、伤流强度的变化规律、影响因素及其与地上部的关系,并对改进水稻伤流液收集方法以及其有待进一步研究的问题进行了展望。
语种:
中文
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No-tillage effect on rice yield in China: A meta-analysis
作者:
Huang, Min* ;Zhou, Xuefeng;Cao, Fangbo;Xia, Bing;Zou, Yingbin
期刊:
Field Crops Research ,2015年183:126-137 ISSN:0378-4290
通讯作者:
Huang, Min
作者机构:
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Xia, Bing; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Cropping system;N management;No-tillage;Rice yield;Rice-planting region;Soil quality
摘要:
Rice production in China has been constrained by changes in socioeconomic and physical environments such as decreased labor availability and degraded soil. No-tillage (NT) may be an alternative system for rice production in China because it has potential benefits including labor saving and soil conservation. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of NT on rice yield in China and to investigate how the effect varies with the environmental and management factors. Results showed that decrease in panicle number per unit land area was observed in NT rice across a wide range of environmental and management conditions in China, but grain yield was not reduced because it was compensated for by more spikelet number per panicle and higher spikelet-filling percentage. Grain yield responses to NT were affected by region (climate), soil, cropping system and proportion of N applied during the vegetative period (PNVP). Typically, grain yield showed a positive response to NT in south-west region (where the climate during rice-growing season is characterized by frequent fog and clouds, high humidity and insufficient sunlight). NT resulted in a decreased grain yield in soils with pH lower than 6.0 and low fertility. Grain yield was decreased in rice-rice cropping systems but increased in rice-upland cropping systems by NT. NT had negative effect on grain yield under PNVP of 70% and 80% but had no significant effect under PNVP of 90%. However, responses of grain yield to NT did not vary with establishment method (transplanting vs. seedling throwing vs. direct seeding), cultivar type (hybrid vs. inbred), duration of NT adoption (<3 years vs. 3-6 years vs. >6 years) and residue management practice (removal vs. retention). We conclude that adoption of NT for rice production in China should be site-specific and depend on agronomic practices including cropping system and N management. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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