摘要：
In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that aldosterone regulates osteopontin (OPN)-related signaling pathways to promote nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and that kaempferol, a flavonoid compound, blocks those changes. Aldosterone induced productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS), OPN, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase 4 (Nox4), NF-kappa B, OPN, alphavbeta3 (alpha(v)beta(3)) integrin, and inhibitor of NF-kappa B alpha phosphorylation (P-I kappa B alpha) in HUVEC. HUVECs were pretreated with kaempferol (0, 1, 3, or 10 mu M) for 1 h and exposed to aldosterone (10(-6) M) for 24 h. Kaempferol reduced ROS, OPN, NF-kappa B, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels; Nox4, alpha(v)beta(3) integrin; and P-I kappa B alpha expressions. The effect of aldosterone was also abrogated by spironolactone (10(-6) M). In addition, vitamin C (20 mmol/L) reduced ROS production. Vitamin C and LM609 (10 mu g/mL) treatment decreased expressions of OPN, alpha(v)beta(3) integrin, and NF-kappa B (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The present results suggest that kaempferol may modulate OPN-alpha(v)beta(3) integrin pathway to inhibit NF-kappa B activation in HUVECs.
摘要：
Little information is available about the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in sheep and goats in China. In the present investigation, the seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum infections in sheep and goats were investigated in Qinghai province, China between January 2012 and June 2013. A total of 1250 serum samples (600 sheep and 650 goats) collected from 8 administrative regions of Qinghai province, China were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of specific antibodies, and sera positive were subsequently confirmed with indirect fluorescent antibody test. Specific IgG against T. gondii were detected in 21.33% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.06-24.61%) (128/600) and 29.54% (95% CI: 26.03-33.05%) (192/650) and against N. caninum in 10.33% (95% CI: 7.9-12.77%) (62/600) and 7.23% (95% CI: 5.24-9.22%) (47/650) of the sheep and goats, respectively. The risk factors significantly associated with T. gondii and N. caninum seroprevalence were the presence of cats and dogs, the pasturing system, the herd size, the hygiene in the farms. The results of the present survey indicate that T. gondii and N. caninum infections are highly prevalent in sheep and goats in Qinghai province, China. This is the first time that antibodies to N. caninum have been detected in sheep and goats in China. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Xiao, Hong-Bo; Liu, Zi-Kui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Xiang-Yang] Hunan Collaborat Innovat Ctr Utilizat Bot Funct I, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Chun-Na] Third Hosp Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Zhi-Feng] Xiangnan Univ, Dept Basic Med, Chenzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiao, Hong-Bo] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Protein arginine methyltransferases;Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase;Asymmetric dimethylarginine;Endothelial dysfunction;Icariin
摘要：
Background: Oxidative stress may affect PRMT/ADMA/DDAH (protein arginine methyltransferases/asymmetric dimethylarginine/dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase) pathway to impair endothelial dysfunction. The present study was carried out to test the effect of icariin on endothelial function and the mechanisms responsible for this. Methods: Eighty mice at 12 weeks of age were separated randomly into four groups (n = 20): C57BL/6J control, untreated apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)), two groups of icariin-treated (10 or 30 mg/kg body wt/day, intragastrically) ApoE(-/-). Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEcs) were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group, vehicle of icariin (10 mu mol/L) group, icariin (10 mu mol/L) group, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (10 mu g/mL) group, LPC plus icariin (10 mu mol/L) group, LPC plus icariin (3 mu mol/L) group, and LPC plus icariin (10 mu mol/L) group. Results: In ApoE-/- mice and primary HUVECs, icariin treatment decreased reactive oxygen species. production, PRMT I expression, ADMA level, half-maximum effective concentration of ApoE(-1-) mice aortic rings. Icariin increased DDAH II expression, DDAH activity, maximal relaxation value and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in aortic rings from ApoE(-/-) mice (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Conclusions: The present results suggest that icariin regulates PRMT/ADMA/DDAH pathway to improve endothelial function. (C) 2015 Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has pro-inflammatory properties. This study was conducted to determine whether the LPS induced pro-inflammatory response in a model of mastitis and in mouse mammary epithelial cells (MEC).
To investigate the effects of LPS in vivo, 50 μL of a solution of LPS (20 ng/μL) were infused into the mammary glands of mice. To study the effects of LPS in vitro, MEC were exposed to LPS (20 μg/mL) for 24 h. Activation of nuclear factor kB (NF-κB) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were studied. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1beta]) and expression of osteopontin (OPN) were also evaluated.
After LPS administration, route of NF-κB signaling is activated and the activity of MPO is increased. Furthermore, LPS increases the expression of OPN and production of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta.
Present results demonstrate that LPS induces a pro-inflammatory response in a murine model of mastitis and suggest the involvement of the NF-κB pathway and OPN.
Le lipopolysaccharide (LPS) a des propriétés pro-inflammatoires. Cette étude a été menée afin de déterminer si le LPS induit une réponse pro-inflammatoire in vivo dans un modèle de mammite chez la souris et in vitro dans des cellules épithéliales mammaires.
Pour étudier les effets du LPS in vivo, 50 μL de solution de LPS (20 ng/μL) ont été infusés dans les glandes mammaires de souris. Pour étudier les effets du LPS in vitro, les cellules épithéliales mammaires en culture primaire (MEC) ont été exposées à du LPS (20 μg/mL) pendant 24 h. L’activation du facteur nucléaire kB (NF-κB) et la myéloperoxydase (MPO) ont été étudiées. Les niveaux de production des cytokines pro-inflammatoires, ostéopontine (OPN), interleukine-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) et interleukine-1bêta (IL-1 bêta) ont également été évalués.
Après administration de LPS, la voie de signalisation NF-κB est activée et l’activité de la myéloperoxydase (MPO) augmentée. De plus, le LPS augmente l’expression de l’OPN et la production de TNF-alpha, d’IL-6, et d’IL-1bêta.
Les résultats présents démontrent que le LPS induit une réponse pro-inflammatoire dans un modèle de mammite murin et suggèrent l’implication de la voie NF-κB et de l’OPN.
