Erratum: Adsorption and degradation of benfuracarb in three soils in Hunan, People's Republic of China (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (2006) 76 (720-727) DOI: 10.1007/s00128-006-0979-x)
作者：
Xue, N.* ;Yang, R.;Xu, X.;Seip, H. M.;Zeng, Q.
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2006年77(2):319-319 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Xue, N.
作者机构：
[Xue, N.] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Ecoenvironm Sci Res Ctr, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.;Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
通讯机构：
[Xue, N.] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Waste Water;Water Management;Water Pollution;Benfuracarb;Corrected List
摘要：
No abstract available.
语种：
英文
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Bioavailability of cyanide in the different environmental compartments
作者：
Yu, XZ* ;Lei, JJ;Xue, ND;Tang, YW
期刊：
环境科学学报(英文版) ,2006年18(2):347-352 ISSN：1001-0742
通讯作者：
Yu, XZ
作者机构：
[Yu, XZ] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, XZ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
cyanide;hybrid willows;metabolism;phytoremediation
摘要：
Vascular plants possess an enzyme system that detoxifies cyanide by converting it to the amino acid asparagine. Hybrid willows (Salix matsudana Koidz ×Salix alba L.) were exposed to cyanide to determine whether willows can transport and metabolize this compound. Pre-rooted trees were grown in different environmental compartmentsspiked or irrigated with potassium cyanide at 24.0±0.5°C. Cyanide in compartments, in air and in tissues of plants was analyzed spectrophotometrically. Results from this study indicated that large amounts of applied cyanide was removed from the systems during the presence of willows. Growing compartments of plants have a strong influence on the removal rates of cyanide. Little or no initial cyanide was detected in plant materials. Volatilization of cyanide was not occurring. Mass balance studies showed that applied cyanide was significantly metabolized during transport through willows cuttings. However, there was a clear difference between the metabolism rates of cyanide by willows exposed to different environmental compartments. The highest cyanide metabolism rate was found at the treatment with willows growing in hydroponic solution with a metabolism rate of 2.44 mgCN/(kg·d), followed by willows growing in sand with a value of 1.02 mgCN/(kg·d), The lowest metabolism rate had the willows growing in soils (0.43 mg CN/(kg·d)). In conclusion transport and metabolism of cyanide in plants is likely and phytoremediation of cyanide is a feasible option for cleaning soils and water contaminated with cyanide. ©2006 Science Press. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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湖南典型农田土壤有机碳含量及其演变趋势
作者：
彭佩钦;刘强;黄道友;汪汉林;唐国勇;...
期刊：
环境科学 ,2006年27(7):1319-1322 ISSN：0250-3301
作者机构：
中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态重点实验室,长沙,410125;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙,410128;[彭佩钦; 唐国勇; 黄道友; 汪汉林; 苏以荣] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所;[刘强] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
洞庭湖区;土壤有机碳;耕作制度;变化趋势
摘要：
以湖南省沅江市（28°42′～29°11′N、112°16′～112°56′E）为代表，通过典型样区密集取样分析和同一区域的历史资料比较，研究了洞庭湖区农业用地土壤有机碳的演变趋势，发现稻田土壤有机碳在最近25a中稳步增加，而改为旱地的土壤有机碳含量减少．2004年典型样区土壤有机碳均值为（26．66±4．93）g·kg^-1，主要分布区间为20～35g·kg^-1，比1979提高22．64％；其中耕作制度为双季稻的土壤有机碳含量，由1979年的20．29g·kg^-1提高到了2004年的28．12g·kg^-1，年均增加量约313．5mg·kg^-1（年递增率为1．15％）；耕作制度为一季稻的土壤有机碳含量，由1979年的20．29g·kg^-1提高到了2004年的27．25g·kg^-1，年均增加量约278．3mg·kg^-1（年递增率为1．16％），耕作制度为水旱轮作的土壤有机碳含量，由1979年的20．29g·kg^-1提高到了2004年的23．90g·kg^-1，年均增加量约144．5mg·kg^-1（年递增率为0．78％），而改为旱地的土壤有机碳含量，由1979年的20．29g·kg^-1降低到了2004年的18．40g·kg^-1，年均减少量约75．48mg·kg^-1（年递减率为0．37％）．方差分析表明，稻田土壤有机碳的增加达到了极显著水平，改为旱地的土壤有机碳含量的减少未达到了显著水平．表明洞庭湖区不同利用类型的土地均是重要的固碳场所，农业用地的土壤有机碳库是大气CO2循环的“汇”，而不是“源”．
语种：
中文
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Extraction studies of cobalt （ Ⅱ ） and nickel （ Ⅱ ） from chloride solution using PC88A
作者：
Luo Lin* ;Wei Jian-hong;Wu Gen-yi;Toyohisa, F.;Atsushi, S.
期刊：
中国有色金属学报(英文版) ,2006年16(3):687-692 ISSN：1003-6326
通讯作者：
Luo Lin
作者机构：
[Luo Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Engn, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.;Akita Univ, Fac Engn & Resource Sci, Satellite Venture Business Lab, Akita 0108502, Japan.
通讯机构：
[Luo Lin] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
cobalt;nickel;solvent extraction;PC-88A
摘要：
Solvent extraction study of cobalt and nickel were carried out from a chloride solution with a high ratio of Co to Ni using the sodium salt of PC88A as extractant diluted in kerosene. The solution was generated in batches by leaching a tungsten super alloy scraps. The results show that extraction rate of metal ions increases with increase of aqueous phase pH value. The pH0.5 value difference of 1.40 with PC88A indicates the possible separation of cobalt and nickel. Increase of the concentration of the solvent can enhance the percentage extraction of both metal ions. Improvement of temperature is beneficial to extraction separation of cobalt and nickel. Extraction and stripping processes were also studied in a cross-current solvent extraction unit and the results were also given.
语种：
英文
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Soil heavy metal contamination and acid deposition: experimental approach on two forest soils in Hunan, Southern China
作者：
Liao, BH;Guo, ZH;Probst, A* ;Probst, JL
期刊：
Geoderma ,2005年127(1-2):91-103 ISSN：0016-7061
通讯作者：
Probst, A
作者机构：
Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, Lab Mecanismes & Transferts Geol,UMR 5563, F-31400 Toulouse, France.;Hunan Agr Univ, Inst Agroenvironm Protect, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Cent S Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;[Probst, A] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, Lab Mecanismes & Transferts Geol,UMR 5563, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
通讯机构：
[Probst, A] U;Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, Lab Mecanismes & Transferts Geol,UMR 5563, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
关键词：
Acid deposition;Complex contamination;Forest soil;Heavy metal;Southern China
摘要：
In 1985, a tailing dam collapsed in Hunan province (southern China) leading to soil contamination by heavy metals from the tailings waste. Moreover, acid deposition becomes more and more serious in this area. In this context, two forest soils (a red soil and a yellow red soil, typically and commonly found in southern China) were collected from Hunan. The objectives are (i) to determine releases and changes in speciation fractions of heavy metals (especially Cd, Cu, and Zn) when the soils are contaminated with heavy metals and affected by simulated acid deposition, and (ii) to study effects of soil heavy metals and acid deposition on releases of soil Ca2+, Mg2+, and Al3+. The soil samples were soaked in the solutions of CdCl 2, CuCl2, and ZnCl2 for 15 days to make contaminated soils containing 200 mg kg-1 of Cd, Cu, and Zn. Then the contaminated soils and the original soils were extracted with five simulated acid deposition solutions (pH ranged from 5.6 to 3.0 and total dissolved salts increased). The experimental results indicate that acid deposition leads to great releases of soil heavy metals due to complicated soil chemical processes, mostly cation exchange and partly dissolution of minerals at pH lower than 4.2. These released heavy metals come mainly from soil exchangeable pools and other labile fractions. Releases of heavy metals are closely controlled by pH values or, in some cases, total cation contents in acid deposition; meanwhile, concentrations of heavy metals are negatively related to the relevant pH values in soil equilibrium solutions when pH values are in a range of 4.2-5.1. From the point of view of heavy metal releases, Zn is the most sensitive to acid deposition, followed by Cd and Cu. Compared with the original soils, the contaminated soils could probably release more base cations Ca2+ and Mg2+ and less Al3+. Greater amounts of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Al released from Soil B show that this soil is more sensitive to acid deposition, and we could expect serious environmental contamination in Soil B area if mining activities and acid deposition are not under control in the future. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Complex toxic effects of Cd2+, Zn2+, and acid rain on growth of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L)
作者：
Liao, BH* ;Liu, HY;Zeng, QE;Yu, PZ;Probst, A;...
期刊：
Environment International ,2005年31(6):891-895 ISSN：0160-4120
通讯作者：
Liao, BH
作者机构：
[Liao, BH] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Univ Toulouse 3, LTMG, CNRS, UMR 5563, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
通讯机构：
[Liao, BH] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acid rain;Cd2+;Complex toxic effect;Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L);Zn2+
摘要：
Complex toxic effects of Cd2+, Zn2+, and acid rain on growth of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) were studied in a pot experiment by measurement of fresh weights of the plants, determination of surperoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the plant organs, and observation of injury symptoms. The experimental results demonstrated that all treatments of Cd2+, Zn2+, and/or acid rain significantly decreased fresh weights of kidney bean and caused toxic effects on growth of the plants, especially higher amounts of Cd2+ and Zn2+ and higher acidity of acid rain. Combination of these three pollutant factors resulted in more serious toxic effects than any single pollutant and than combinations of any two pollutants. SOD, POD, and MDA in the plant organs changed with different pollution levels, but MDA content in the leaves showed the best relationship between the pollution levels and toxic effects.
语种：
英文
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Recycling EDTA solutions used to remediate metal-polluted soils
作者：
Zeng, QR;Sauve, S;Allen, HE;Hendershot, WH*
期刊：
Environmental Pollution ,2005年133(2):225-231 ISSN：0269-7491
通讯作者：
Hendershot, WH
作者机构：
McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.;Hunan Agr Univ, Sect Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.;Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.;[Hendershot, WH] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Macdonald Campus,21 222 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Hendershot, WH] M;McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Macdonald Campus,21 222 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.
关键词：
soil remediation;chelating reagents;metal separation;EDTA recovery;EXTRACTIVE DECONTAMINATION;CONTAMINATED SOIL;HEAVY-METALS;ORGANIC-ACIDS;REMOVAL;PB;RECOVERY
摘要：
The objective of this research was to investigate the recycling of ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) used for the removal of trace metals from contaminated soils. We successfully used Na2S combined with Ca(OH)(2) to precipitate the trace metals allowing us to recycle the EDTA. The results of batch and column leaching experiments show that both Ca-EDTA and Na-EDTA are powerful chelating agents with a similar soil remediation potential. The major advantage of Ca-EDTA is the preservation of soil organic matter. We found that Na2S was capable of separating the metals Cd, Cu and Pb from EDTA; however, the precipitation of Zn required the addition of Ca(OH)(2). After reusing the reclaimed EDTA seven times, over a 14-day period, EDTA reagent losses ranged from 19.5% to 23.5%. Successive washing cycles enhanced the removal of trace metals from contaminated soils. The metal sulfide precipitates contain high concentrations of metals and could potentially be recycled. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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The effect of temperature on the rate of cyanide metabolism of two woody plants
作者：
Yu, XZ;Trapp, S* ;Zhou, PH;Hu, H
期刊：
Chemosphere ,2005年59(8):1099-1104 ISSN：0045-6535
通讯作者：
Trapp, S
作者机构：
[Trapp, S] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
通讯机构：
[Trapp, S] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
China;Cyanide;Elder;Metabolism;Phytoremediation;Plant;Temperature;Willow
摘要：
The response of cyanide metabolism rates of two woody plants to changes in temperature is investigated. Detached leaves (1.0 g fresh weight) from weeping willow (Salix babylonica L.) and Chinese elder (Sambucus chinensis Lindl.) were kept in glass vessels with 100 ml of aqueous solution spiked with potassium cyanide for a maximum of 28 h. Ten different temperatures were used ranging from 11°C to 32°C. The disappearance of aqueous cyanide was analyzed spectrophotometrically. The cyanide removal rate of Chinese elder was higher than that of weeping willow at all temperatures. The highest cyanide removal rate for Chinese elder was found at 30°C with a value of 12.6 mg CN kg <sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>, whereas the highest value of the weeping willow was 9.72 mg CN kg<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> at 32°C. The temperature coefficient values, Q<inf>10</inf>, which are the ratio of removal rates at a 10 degree difference, were determined for Chinese elder and weeping willow to 1.84 and 2.09, respectively, indicating that the cyanide removal rate of weeping willow was much more susceptible to changes in temperature than that of the Chinese elder. In conclusion, changes in temperature have a substantial influence on the removal rate of cyanide by plants. ©2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Metal contamination of soils and crops affected by the Chenzhou lead/zinc mine spill (Hunan, China)
作者：
Liu, HY;Probst, A* ;Liao, BH
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment ,2005年339(1-3):153-166 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Probst, A
作者机构：
Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5563, IRD,LMTG, F-31400 Toulouse, France.;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Probst, A] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5563, IRD,LMTG, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
通讯机构：
[Probst, A] U;Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5563, IRD,LMTG, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
关键词：
Arsenic;China;Contamination;Crop;Heavy metals;Lead/zinc mine;Soil
摘要：
In 1985, the collapse of the tailing dam in Chenzhou lead/zinc mine (Hunan, southern China) led to the spread of mining waste spills on the farmland along the Dong River. After the accident, an urgent soil cleaning up was carried out in some places. Seventeen years later, cereal (rice, maize, and sorghum), pulses (soybean, Adzuki bean, mung bean and peanut), vegetables (ipomoea, capsicum, taro and string bean) and the rooted soils were sampled at four sites: (1) the mining area (SZY), (2) the area still covered with the mining tailing spills (GYB), (3) the cleaned area from mining tailing spills (JTC), and (4) a background site (REF). Metal concentrations in the crops and soils were analyzed to evaluate the long-term effects of the spilled waste on the soil and the potential human exposure through food chains. The results showed that the physical-chemical properties of the soils obviously changed due to the different farming styles used by each individual farmer. Leaching effects and plant extraction of metals from some soils were quite weak. Certain soils were still heavily polluted with As, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu. The contamination levels were in the order of GYB>SZY>JTC showing that the clean-up treatment was effective. The maximum allowable concentration (MAC) levels for Chinese agricultural soils were still highly exceeded, particularly for As and Cd (followed by Zn, Pb and Cu), with mean concentrations of 709 and 7.6 mg kg <sup>-1</sup>, respectively. These concentrations exceed the MAC levels by 24 times for As and 13 times for Cd at GYB. Generally, the edible leaves or stems of crops were more heavily contaminated than seeds or fruits. Ipomoea was the most severely contaminated crop. The concentrations of Cd and Pb were 3.30 and 76.9 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> in ipomoea leaves at GYB, which exceeded the maximum permit levels (0.5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> for Cd and 9 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> for Pb) by 6.6 and 8.5 times, respectively. Taro (+skin) could accumulate high concentrations of Zn and Cd in the edible stem, and rice and capsicum had high Cd concentration in the edible parts. However, the toxic element concentrations in maize, sorghum, Adzuki bean, soybean and mung bean remained lower than the threshold levels. The bio-accumulation factors (BAFs) of crops were in the order: Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>As. BAF was typically lower in the edible seeds or fruits than in stems and leaves. The accumulation effect strongly depends on the crop's physiological properties, the mobility, of the metals, and the availability of metals in soils but not entirely on the total element concentrations in the soils. Even so, the estimated daily intake amount of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb from the crops grown in the affected three sites and arsenic at SZY and GYB exceeded the RDA (Recommended dietary allowance) levels. Subsequently, the crops grown in Chenzhou Pb/Zn mine waste affected area might have a hazardous effect on the consumer's health. This area still needs effective measures to cure the As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu contamination. ©2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Mobility and speciation of Cd,Cu,and Zn in two acidic soils affected by simulated acid rain
作者：
Guo, ZH* ;Liao, BH;Huang, CY
期刊：
环境科学学报(英文版) ,2005年17(2):332-334 ISSN：1001-0742
通讯作者：
Guo, ZH
作者机构：
[Guo, ZH] Cent S Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Guo, ZH] C;Cent S Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
关键词：
batch experiment;heavy metals;mobility;speciation;acid rain
摘要：
Through a batch experiment, the mobility and speciation of heavy metals(Cd, Cu, Zn) in two acidic forest soils from Hunan Province were studied. The results showed that the release and potential active speciation of Cd, Cu, and Zn in the tested contaminated red soil(CRS) and yellow red soil(CYRS) increased significantly with pH decreasing and ion concentrations increasing of simulated acid rain, and these effects were mainly decided by the pH value of simulated acid rain. Cd had the highest potential risk on the environment compared with Cu and Zn. Cd existed mainly in exchangeable form in residual CRS and CYRS, Cu in organically bound and Mn-oxide occluded forms, and Zn in mineral forms due to the high background values.
语种：
英文
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HPCD对甲基对硫磷的增溶、洗脱与光降解
作者：
钟宁;曾清如;廖柏寒;刘嫦娥;周细红
期刊：
中国环境科学 ,2005年25(1):96-100 ISSN：1000-6923
通讯作者：
Zeng, Q.-R.
作者机构：
[钟宁; 曾清如; 廖柏寒; 周细红] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[刘嫦娥] 云南大学生命科学学院;湖南农业大学资源环境学院 湖南长沙410128;云南昆明650000
通讯机构：
Coll. of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural Univ., China
关键词：
羟丙基-β-环糊精(HPCD);甲基对硫磷;增溶;洗脱;光降解
摘要：
研究了一种高水溶性的环糊精衍生物羟丙基-β-环糊精(HPCD)溶液对甲基对硫磷的增溶作用、土壤中甲基对硫磷的洗脱去除作用以及对甲基对硫磷的光降解作用.结果表明,HPCD使甲基对硫磷在水中的溶解度显著增加,20g/L的HPCD溶液中,甲基对硫磷的溶解度比在纯水中提高了约13倍;HPCD溶液能有效地对土壤中的甲基对硫磷进行洗脱,10g/L的HPCD溶液洗脱率为90%以上;HPCD能促进甲基对硫磷的光降解,6g/L的HPCD使甲基对硫磷的半衰期(T1/2)由原来的103.90h减少到15.16h,而且表现出很高的光敏效应,光敏效率为90.3%.结合其高增溶能力、高洗脱能力与光催化降解能力,HPCD能有效地降低弱极性有机污染物在环境中的污染.
语种：
中文
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Metabolism of cyanide by Chinese vegetation
作者：
Yu, XZ* ;Trapp, S;Zhou, PH;Wang, C;Zhou, XS
期刊：
Chemosphere ,2004年56(2):121-126 ISSN：0045-6535
通讯作者：
Yu, XZ
作者机构：
Tech Univ Denmark, Environm & Resources DTU, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yu, XZ] Tech Univ Denmark, Environm & Resources DTU, Bldg 15, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
通讯机构：
[Yu, XZ] T;Tech Univ Denmark, Environm & Resources DTU, Bldg 15, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
关键词：
Cyan hydrogen;Cyanide;Degradation;Kinetics;Metabolism;Plants
摘要：
Cyanide is a high-volume production chemical and the most commonly used leaching reagent for gold and silver extraction. Its environmental behavior and fate is of significant concern because it is a highly toxic compound. Vascular plants possess an enzyme system that detoxifies cyanide by converting it to the amino acid asparagine. This paper presents an investigation of the potential of Chinese vegetation to degrade cyanide. Detached leaves (1.5 g fresh weight) from 28 species of 23 families were kept in glass vessel with 100 ml of aqueous solution spiked with potassium cyanide at 23.5°C for 28 h. Cyanide concentrations ranged from 0.83 to 1.0 CNmgl-1. The disappearance of cyanide from the aqueous solution was analyzed spectrophotometrically. The fastest cyanide removal was by Chinese elder, Sambucus chinensis, with a removal capacity of 8.8 mgCNkg-1h-1, followed by upright hedge-parsley (Torilis japonica) with a value of 7.5 mgCNkg-1h -1. The lowest removal capacity had the snow-pine tree (Credrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud). Results from this investigation indicated that a wide range of plant species is able to efficiently metabolize cyanide. Therefore, cyanide elimination with plants seems to be a feasible option for cleaning soils and water contaminated by cyanide from gold and silver mines or from other sources. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Clomazone dissipation, adsorption and translocation in four paddy topsoils
作者：
Li, LF;Li, GX* ;Yang, RB;Guo, ZY;Liao, XY
期刊：
环境科学学报(英文版) ,2004年16(4):678-682 ISSN：1001-0742
通讯作者：
Li, GX
作者机构：
[Li, GX] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Inst Agr Environm Protect, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, GX] C;China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
关键词：
clomazone;dissipation;adsorption;translocation;paddy topsoils
摘要：
Laboratory experiments about the dissipation, adsorption and translocation in four paddy topsoils were conducted in this paper. From the results it can be concluded as follows: the dissipation rate of clomazone differed greatly in different paddy soil derived from different parent materials. The half-lives for clomazone degradation in paddy soils ranged from 5.7 to 22.0 d. The order of clomazone dissipation rate was reddish yellow paddy soil ＞alluvial sandy paddy soil ＞ yellow clayey paddy soil ＞ purple sandy paddy soil. Clomazone sorption quantity was significantly correlated with organic carbon ( R2 = 0.62) and clay content ( R2 = 0.67) in the tested paddy soils.Positive correlation was found between apparent Kd value and cation exchange content(CEC). The consequences for the adsorption of different soils were purple sandy paddy soil ＞ yellow clayey paddy soil ＞ reddish yellow paddy soil ＞ alluvial sandy paddy soil. Under the simulated rainfall of 200 mm through four different unsaturated soil lysimeters over 24 h, clomazone was readily to be leached into lower surface soil and there was about 2.6%-4.2%of applied clomazone leached out of 20 cm cultivated soil layer. Translocation experiments showed that the order of clomazone leaching ability was: alluvial sandy paddy soil ＞ reddish yellow paddy soil ＞ yellow clayey paddy soil ＞purple sandy paddy soil. Simple regression results manifested that factors like CEC, organic carbon, clay, and adsorption rate constant had been negatively correlated with the percentage of clomazone loss from soil lysimeters.
语种：
英文
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Effects of nitrate supply on plant growth, nitrate accumulation, metabolic nitrate concentration and nitrate reductase activity in three leafy vegetables
作者：
Chen, BM;Wang, ZH;Li, SX;Wang, GX* ;Song, HX;...
期刊：
Plant Science ,2004年167(3):635-643 ISSN：0168-9452
通讯作者：
Wang, GX
作者机构：
[Wang, GX] Lanzhou Univ, State Key Lab Arid Agroecol, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China.;NW Sci Technol Univ Agr & Forestry, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, GX] L;Lanzhou Univ, State Key Lab Arid Agroecol, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Compartment;Metabolic nitrate;Nitrate;Nitrate reductase;Vegetable
摘要：
Three leafy vegetables, rape (Brassica campestris L.), Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis var. Oleifera Makino et Nenoto) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), were grown in plastic pots with 5 kg soil per pot at five nitrate supply rates, 0.00 (N<inf>1</inf>), 0.15 (N<inf>2</inf>), 0.30 (N<inf>3</inf>), 0.45 (N<inf>4</inf>), and 0.60 (N<inf>5</inf>) g N kg<sup>-1</sup> soil to investigate the effects of nitrate supply on plant growth, nitrate accumulation and nitrate reductase activity (NRA) 9 weeks after sowing. The optimum yield appeared at N<inf>3</inf>, while above N<inf>4</inf>, a strong decrease in plant growth occurred. The nitrate concentration increased with nitrate supply in the whole plant and the different organs except in roots where nitrate concentration at N<inf>5</inf> decreased compared with N<inf>4</inf>. The nitrate concentration in both the metabolic pool (MP) and the storage pool (SP) of the leaf blades increased with nitrate supply. From N<inf>1</inf> to N <inf>2</inf>, NRA increased most rapidly. The highest NRA occurred at N <inf>4</inf>. However, nitrate reductase (NR) activities were not significantly different between N<inf>3</inf>, N<inf>4</inf> and N<inf>5</inf>, which imply that there is a threshold of nitrate concentration in MP (NMP) to induce NRA. The parameters of NR for nitrate were measured by the in vivo method. The K <inf>m</inf> values we obtained were similar to the reported values by the in vitro method, which confirms the feasibility of the anaerobic method for determining NRA and NMP. Finally, the effects of the posttranslational regulation of NR were discussed. ©2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Toxicity of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate and Alkylethoxylate to Aquatic Plants
作者：
Liu, HY* ;Liao, BH;Zhou, PH;Yu, PZ
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2004年72(4):866-872 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Liu, HY
作者机构：
[Liu, HY] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, HY] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
摘要：
No abstract available
语种：
英文
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Combined Toxic Effects of Cadmium and Acid Rain on Vicia faba L.
作者：
Liao, BH* ;Liu, HY;Lu, SQ;Wang, KF;Probst, A;...
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2003年71(5):998-1004 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Liao, BH
作者机构：
[Liao, BH] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Changsha Univ, Dept Appl Chem & Environm Protect, Changsha 410003, Peoples R China.;Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5563, Lab Transfers & Mech Geol, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
通讯机构：
[Liao, BH] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cadmium;Toxic Effect;Acid Rain;Combine Toxic Effect
语种：
英文
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Inclusion effects of highly water-soluble cyclodextrins on the solubility, photodegradation, and acute toxicity of methyl parathion
作者：
Zeng, Q* ;Liao, B;Luo, Y;Liu, C;Tang, H
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2003年71(4):668-674 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Zeng, Q
作者机构：
Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Aquat Chem, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Q] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Aquat Chem, POB 2871, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, Q] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Aquat Chem, POB 2871, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Methyl;Toxicity;Cyclodextrin;Acute Toxicity;Parathion
语种：
英文
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Effect of β-cyclodextrin compounds on the solubilization of three selected pesticides and their toxicity with methyl parathion to Rana tigrina tadpoles
作者：
Luo, YC* ;Zeng, QR;Wu, G;Luan, ZK;Yang, RB;...
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2003年70(5):998-1005 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Luo, YC
作者机构：
Chinese Acad Sci, Ecoenvironm Sci Res Ctr, State Key Lab Environm Aquat Chem, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Luo, YC] Chinese Acad Sci, Ecoenvironm Sci Res Ctr, State Key Lab Environm Aquat Chem, PO 2871, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, YC] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Ecoenvironm Sci Res Ctr, State Key Lab Environm Aquat Chem, PO 2871, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Methyl;Toxicity;Parathion;Methyl Parathion;Select Pesticide
语种：
英文
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一种新型的光波导阵列电光快速扫描器
作者：
石顺祥;李家立;王广生;花吉珍
期刊：
光学学报 ,2002年22(11):1318-1322 ISSN：0253-2239
通讯作者：
Shi, S.(shxshi@mail.xidian.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[石顺祥; 李家立] Sch. of Tech. Phys., Xidian Univ., Xi'an 710071, China;[花吉珍] Hebei Semi-conduct. Res. Inst., Min. of Info. Indust., Shijiazhuang 050002, China;[王广生] China Airborne Missile Acad., Luoyang 471009, China
通讯机构：
Sch. of Tech. Phys., Xidian Univ., China
关键词：
激光扫描;光波导阵列;电光效应
摘要：
目前我国湖库型饮用水水源地水质总体状况较好,但不同程度地存在一些污染,分析其污染的原因,主要表现在工业废水和生活污水点源污染的排放,农田种植业、养殖业等引起的面源污染以及相关管理措施欠完善.根据湖库型饮用水水源地污染现状及危害,结合国内外湖库型饮用水水源地污染防治对策,综述了常用保护措施,为湖库型饮用水水源地保护提供依据.
语种：
中文
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LAS和AE对水生植物损伤的显微和亚显微结构观察
作者：
刘红玉;廖柏寒;鲁双庆;周朴华;杨仁斌
期刊：
中国环境科学 ,2001年21(6):527-530 ISSN：1000-6923
通讯作者：
Liu, H.
作者机构：
[刘红玉; 廖柏寒; 杨仁斌] 湖南农业大学环境科学系;[鲁双庆] 长沙大学应用化学与环境保护系;[周朴华] 湖南农业大学生物技术系
通讯机构：
Department of Environmental Science, Hunan Agricultural University, China
关键词：
表面活性剂;水绵;水浮莲;污染;亚显微结构
摘要：
利用透射电镜研究了阴离子型表面活性剂LAS和非离子型表面活性剂AE对水生植物水绵、水浮莲的损伤作用.观察发现,在LAS处理液中,水绵细胞壁外层被溶解而消失,载色体的规则螺旋缠绕结构被打乱,集结成团.细胞膜与细胞壁部分分离.水浮莲细胞出现质壁分离,细胞膜部分解体,细胞质中有许多空腔,液泡增大,叶绿体变形;在AE处理液中,水绵细胞壁外层被溶解,细胞膜消失,载色体和造粉核解体,分散于整个由细胞壁内层构成的空腔中.水浮莲细胞膜部分解体,染色质浓缩,核膜逐渐解体,叶绿体和线粒体解体,液泡消失,被细胞质充填.可以推断:LAS和AE对水生植物损伤的机理不同,AE以溶解为主,LAS则除溶解外,所带电荷引起蛋白质构象改变也是主要因素之一.
语种：
中文
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