First report on the allelopathic effect of Tychonema bourrellyi (Cyanobacteria) against Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria)
作者：
Shao, Jihai;Peng, Liang;Luo, Si;Yu, Gongliang;Gu, Ji-dong;...
期刊：
Journal of Applied Phycology ,2013年25(5):1567-1573 ISSN：0921-8971
通讯作者：
Li, Renhui
作者机构：
[Luo, Si; Peng, Liang; Shao, Jihai] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Gongliang; Li, Renhui; Lin, Shen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Key Lab Algal Biol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Shao, Jihai; Gu, Ji-dong] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Farmland Pollut Control & Agr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Ji-dong] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Environm Microbiol & Toxicol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Renhui] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Key Lab Algal Biol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Tychonema bourrellyi;Microcystis aeruginosa;Allelopathy;Volatile substances;beta-Ionone;Cyanobacteria
摘要：
The allelopathic effect of the cyanobacterium Tychonema bourrellyi against the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa is reported for the first time in this paper. The filtrate of T. bourrellyi CHAB663 culture showed strong inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa NIES-843, but the inhibitory effect was weakened by shaking culture, and such results implied that the allelopathic effect was probably mediated by the volatile substances secreted by T. bourrellyi. β-Ionone was identified as a major ingredient in the volatile substances in the cultures of T. bourrellyi, and it may act as an important allelochemical responsible for this allelopathic activity. The filtrates of T. bourrellyi culture were shown to decrease the maximum electron transport rate (ETRmax) and elevate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cells of M. aeruginosa NIES-843. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
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英文
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Research on the intensified bioleaching technology based on the optimized model of the orthogonal method in the static electromagnetic field
作者：
Le, Dongwei* ;Huang, Tao;Lu, LiLi
期刊：
Disaster Advances ,2013年6:299-307 ISSN：0974-262X
通讯作者：
Le, Dongwei
作者机构：
[Huang, Tao; Le, Dongwei] Chongqing Univ, Coll Resource & Environm Sci, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.;[Lu, LiLi] Human Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Le, Dongwei] C;Chongqing Univ, Coll Resource & Environm Sci, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
关键词：
static electromagnetic field;bioleaching;chalcopyrite tailings;orthogonal design;Bp neural network expression and cell morphology and established that Ca2+ model;Model optimization
摘要：
This paper discusses the intensified bioleaching effects of the mixed bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(T.f)and Thiobacillus thiooxidans(T.t), equipped with static electromagnetic field, in an homemade reactor, obtaining the optimal combination of experimental parameters based on the orthogonal experiments in the process of biological leaching of chalcopyrite tailings. The three factors, including magnetic induction, pulp density and leaching temperature, are divided into three levels respectively, and the initial pH value is kept at the specific value, 2, in the experiments. The pH value and redox potential (E-h) were firstly recorded on the sixth day and continued to be done at the interval of three days, in the process of the experiment. The tendency charts were made by mathematical software at the end (27(th) day) of the experiments. The final optimal combination was gotten, combining with analysis of variance and Cu2+ leaching concentration, under the discrete condition. Bp neural network model was established to optimize orthogonal experiment results, continued the discrete data and excavated experiment information, in order to improve the Cu2+ leaching concentration, and ultimately determined the optimal combination. The highest leaching rate of copper could been reached when the experiments were conducted under the condition of the simulated optimal combination, 9.6 mT of magnetic induction intensity, 11.3% of pulp concentration and 27.1 degrees C of leaching temperature. Confirmatory trial was conducted, finding the Cu2+ leaching concentration was 39.56%, which was higher than that of orthogonal experiments, 38.72%.
语种：
英文
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Impact of Phanerochaete chrysosporium inoculation on indigenous bacterial communities during agricultural waste composting
作者：
Zhang, Jiachao;Zeng, Guangming* ;Chen, Yaoning;Yu, Man;Huang, Hongli;...
期刊：
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,2013年97(7):3159-3169 ISSN：0175-7598
通讯作者：
Zeng, Guangming
作者机构：
[Chen, Yaoning; Chen, Ming; Zeng, Guangming; Liu, Zhifeng; Zhu, Yi; Fan, Changzheng; Zhang, Jiachao; Jiang, Min] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Yaoning; Chen, Ming; Zeng, Guangming; Liu, Zhifeng; Zhu, Yi; Fan, Changzheng; Zhang, Jiachao; Jiang, Min] Hunan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Biol & Pollut Control, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Man] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Environm Resources & Soil Fertilizer Inst, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Hongli] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Hui] Hunan Acad Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, Guangming] H;Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Composting;Phanerochaete chrysosporium;Inoculation;Bacterial community;Redundancy analysis;Variance partition analysis
摘要：
This research was conducted to distinguish between the separate effects of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium inoculation and sample property heterogeneity induced by different inoculation regimes on the indigenous bacterial communities during agricultural waste composting. P. chrysosporium was inoculated during different phases. The bacterial community abundance and structure were determined by quantitative PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, respectively. Results indicated a significant stimulatory effect of P. chrysosporium inoculation on the bacterial community abundance. The bacterial community abundance significantly coincided with pile temperature, ammonium, and nitrate (P < 0.006). Variance partition analysis showed that the P. chrysosporium inoculation directly explained 20.5 % (P = 0.048) of the variation in the bacterial communities, whereas the sample property changes induced by different inoculation regimes indirectly explained up to 35.1 % (P = 0.002). The bacterial community structure was significantly related to pile temperature, water-soluble carbon (WSC), and C/N ratio when P. chrysosporium were inoculated. The C/N ratio solely explained 7.9 % (P = 0.03) of the variation in community structure, whereas pile temperature and WSC explained 7.7 % (P = 0.026) and 7.5 % (P = 0.034) of the variation, respectively. P. chrysosporium inoculation affected the indigenous bacterial communities most probably indirectly through increasing pile temperature, enhancing the substrate utilizability, and changing other physico-chemical factors. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
语种：
英文
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La-EDTA coated Fe_3O_4 nanomaterial: Preparation and application in removal of phosphate from water
作者：
Yang, Jiao;Zeng, Qingru;Peng, Liang* ;Lei, Ming;Song, Huijuan;...
期刊：
环境科学学报(英文版) ,2013年25(2):413-418 ISSN：1001-0742
通讯作者：
Peng, Liang
作者机构：
[Peng, Liang; Yang, Jiao; Tie, Boqing; Zeng, Qingru; Gu, Jidong; Lei, Ming] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Liang] Cent S Univ, Sch Met Sci & Technol, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;[Song, Huijuan] Hunan Perochem Vocat Technol Coll, Yueyang 414012, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng, Liang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
La-EDTA-Fe3O4;phosphate;magnetic materials
摘要：
La-EDTA-Fe3O4 was prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method. The magnetic composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Furthermore, the adsorption properties of La-EDTA-Fe3O4 toward phosphate in water were investigated. The uptake rate of phosphate in water by La-EDTA-Fe3O4 was 3-1000 times than that of EDTA-Fe3O4, and reached 97.8% at 7 hr. The adsorption process agreed well with the Freundlich model and kinetics studies showed that the adsorption of phosphate proceeds according to pseudo second-order adsorption kinetics. The maximum removal rate was achieved at pH 6.0-7.0. The La-EDTA-Fe3O4 had good adsorption properties and could be separated well from aqueous solution by a permanent magnet. Therefore, this nanomaterial has potential application for the removal of phosphate from large water bodies.
语种：
英文
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Potential for control of harmful cyanobacterial blooms using biologically derived substances: Problems and prospects
作者：
Shao, Jihai;Li, Renhui;Lepo, Joe Eugene;Gu, Ji-Dong*
期刊：
Journal of Environmental Management ,2013年125:149-155 ISSN：0301-4797
通讯作者：
Gu, Ji-Dong
作者机构：
[Shao, Jihai] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Shao, Jihai; Gu, Ji-Dong] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Farmland Pollut Control & Agr, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Renhui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Key Lab Algal Biol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Lepo, Joe Eugene] Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.;[Lepo, Joe Eugene] Univ W Florida, Ctr Environm Diagnost & Bioremediat, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
通讯机构：
[Gu, Ji-Dong] U;Univ Hong Kong, Lab Environm Microbiol & Toxicol, Sch Biol Sci, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cyanobacteria;Water blooms;Biologically originated substances;Algae removal
摘要：
Water blooms of cyanobacteria have posed a worldwide environmental threat and a human health hazard in recent decades. Many biologically derived (but non-antibiotic) bioactive substances are known to inhibit the growth of aquatic bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Some of these biologically derived substances (BDSs) have no or low toxicity to aquatic animals and humans. Most BDSs are easily biodegradable in aquatic environments. These characteristics indicate that they may have potential for control and removal of harmful algae. However, BDSs also have the disadvantages of high cost of preparation, and possible damage to non-target aquatic organisms, and sometimes, low efficiency of algae removal. The ecological risks of most BDSs are still unknown. Here, we review recent research progress relative to the inhibitory effects of BDSs on cyanobacteria, and critically analyze the potential of BDSs as algicides with an emphasis on possible problems during the process of controlling harmful cyanobacteria. We suggest avenues of study to enhance effective use of BDSs in controlling of cyanobacterial blooms; these include guidelines for isolation and characterization of new effective BDSs, exploiting the synergistic effects of BDSs, the merits of controlling harmful cyanobacteria at the early stages of proliferation and evaluation of ecological risks of BDSs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Synthesis of reactive nanoscale zero valent iron using rectorite supports and its application for Orange II removal
作者：
Luo, Si;Qin, Pufeng;Shao, Jihai;Peng, Liang;Zeng, Qingru;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2013年223:1-7 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Gu, Ji-Dong
作者机构：
[Luo, Si; Qin, Pufeng; Peng, Liang; Shao, Jihai; Zeng, Qingru; Gu, Ji-Dong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Ji-Dong] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Environm Microbiol & Toxicol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Ji-Dong] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Environm Microbiol & Toxicol, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gu, Ji-Dong] U;Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Environm Microbiol & Toxicol, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Nanocomposite;Orange II;Rectorite;Reduction;Zero valent iron
摘要：
The nanoscale zero valent iron-rectorite (nZVI-R) composite was successfully synthesized through incorporation of nano-zero valent iron (nZVI) into the natural rectorite as supports. Iron ions were imbedded in the interlayer of rectorite clay via an ion-exchange reaction, and then the exchangeable Fe(III) cations were reduced to nZVI by NaBH4 in solution. The confinement of Fe crystal growth in the interlayer regions of rectorite resulted in the formation of nZVI particles at ca. 10.3nm. The structure, morphology, Fe species, crystal phase, and elemental composition of the prepared nZVI-R composite materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Comparing with the commercially available nZVI-Junye, nZVI prepared in laboratory (nZVI-Lab) and Na-rectorite, the synthesized nZVI-R composite in this study showed superior decolorization efficiency for Orange II with 0.2g of nZVI-R and a complete removal of Orange II achieved in less than 10min. On the basis of FT-IR spectra, the mechanism for nZVI-R in the discoloration of Orange II was also postulated. This nZVI-R composite has potential applications in cleaning up environmental contaminants such as organic dyes or halogen compounds. © 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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Photoelectrochemical activity of NiWO4/WO3 heterojunction photoanode under visible light irradiation
作者：
Zhu, Jing;Li, Wenzhang;Li, Jie* ;Li, Yaomin;Hu, Haishi;...
期刊：
Electrochimica Acta ,2013年112:191-198 ISSN：0013-4686
通讯作者：
Li, Jie
作者机构：
[Li, Jie; Li, Yaomin; Hu, Haishi; Li, Wenzhang; Zhu, Jing] Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Resources Chem Nonferrous Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yahui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Jie] C;Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Resources Chem Nonferrous Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
会议名称：
12th International Fischer Symposium
会议时间：
JUN 03-07, 2012
会议地点：
Lubeck, GERMANY
会议主办单位：
[Zhu, Jing;Li, Wenzhang;Li, Jie;Li, Yaomin;Hu, Haishi] Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Resources Chem Nonferrous Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.^[Yang, Yahui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Tungsten oxide;Nickel tungstate;Heterojunction;Photoelectrochemical;Photoanode
摘要：
NiWO<inf>4</inf>/WO<inf>3</inf> heterojunction photoanode was fabricated for the first time to enhance the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance under visible light irradiation. Such a photoanode was prepared using a simple deposition-annealing method of NiWO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles onto the surface of porous WO<inf>3</inf> films. It was found that the NiWO<inf>4</inf>/WO <inf>3</inf> film synthesized with 25 mM Ni(NO<inf>3</inf>)<inf>2</inf> in ethanol exhibited the best PEC performance, which achieved a 70% increase compared with the pure WO<inf>3</inf> film under similar conditions. The promising composite photoanode is desired to be employed for water splitting in the PEC cells. The heterojunction structure offers enhanced photoconversion efficiency and increased the density of carriers. This study reveals that introducing NiWO<inf>4</inf> into WO<inf>3</inf> films could facilitate the separation and restrain the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs and accelerate the electrons transfer. Synthesis details are discussed, with film morphologies and structures characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. ©2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
语种：
英文
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Transport and assimilation of ferricyanide by three willow species
作者：
Zhang, Fu-Zhong;Yu, Xiao-Zhang* ;Gu, Ji-Dong
期刊：
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION ,2013年224(4):1-10 ISSN：0049-6979
通讯作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang
作者机构：
[Gu, Ji-Dong; Zhang, Fu-Zhong; Yu, Xiao-Zhang] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Xiao-Zhang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Assimilation;Cyanide;Ferricyanide;Iron;Uptake;Willow
摘要：
Uptake, bioaccumulation, and assimilation of ferricyanide by three different species of willows was investigated. Intact prerooted weeping willows (Salix babylonica L.), Hankow willows (Salix matsudana Koidz), and hybrid willows (S. matsudana Koidz ×alba L.) were grown hydroponically and treated with ferricyanide at 25.0 ±0.5 C for 144 h. Willows without leaves were also investigated as a treatment to quantify effect of transpiration on transport and assimilation of ferricyanide. Dissociation of ferricyanide to free cyanide in solution in absence of light was negligible. Phytotransport of ferricyanide was apparent. The phytoremoval rate of ferricyanide obtained varied with willow species (p <0.05). Remarkable decreases in the removal rate were detected with the trees without leaves compared with the intact trees (p <0.01). Due to small amounts of the applied ferricyanide recovered in plant materials, ferricyanide removed from the hydroponic solution was largely assimilated by plants. Transpiration stream concentration factor (TSCF) was also estimated using the content of iron (Fe). These information suggests that phytodegradation is a major process involved in botanical assimilation of ferricyanide through an undefined degradation pathway. ©2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
语种：
英文
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Effects of exogenous thiocyanate on mineral nutrients, antioxidative responses and free amino acids in rice seedlings
作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang* ;Zhang, Fu-Zhong
期刊：
Ecotoxicology ,2013年22(4):752-760 ISSN：0963-9292
通讯作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang
作者机构：
[Yu, Xiao-Zhang; Zhang, Fu-Zhong] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Xiao-Zhang] Guilin Univ Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Xiao-Zhang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Amino acid;Enzymes;Mineral nutrition;Oxidative stress;Rice;Thiocyanate
摘要：
The effects of exogenous thiocyanate (SCN-) on amino acids composition, content of mineral nutrients and antioxidative systems in plants were investigated. Young rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. XZX 45) were grown in nutrient solutions amended with potassium thiocyanate (KSCN). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in plant materials were analyzed in vivo. Mineral nutrients and free amino acids in rice seedlings were also measured to determine metabolic responses to SCN- exposure. A significant reduction in transpiration and relative growth was recorded with all treatments (p<0.05), while changes of total chlorophyll content in leaves was negligible (p>0.05). SCN -induced toxicity appeared to be more sensitive to activities of POD in shoots and APX activities in roots than the others. The content of nutrient elements in rice seedlings exposed to exogenous SCN- was variable, while the effects were more evident at the highest SCN-treatment (p<0.05). Although the change of total free amino acids in shoots of SCN -exposed seedlings was negligible (p>0.05), responses of different amino acids to SCN- application were quite different. Among fifteen free amino acids detected, serine (Ser), proline (Pro), and methionine (Met) increased, while asparagine (Asp) decreased with an increase of the doses of SCN- supplied. Phyto-transport of SCN- was apparent and the removal rates were positively correlated to the doses, suggesting that phyto-assimilation of SCN- is an enzymatic process through a potentially un-identified degradation pathway. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013.
语种：
英文
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Microbial responses to simulated water erosion in relation to organic carbon dynamics on a hilly cropland in subtropical China
作者：
Huang, Jinquan;Li, Zhongwu* ;Zeng, Guangming;Zhang, Jiachao;Li, Jianbing;...
期刊：
Ecological Engineering ,2013年60:67-75 ISSN：0925-8574
通讯作者：
Li, Zhongwu
作者机构：
[Li, Zhongwu; Zeng, Guangming; Ma, Wenming; Zhang, Xue; Huang, Jinquan; Nie, Xiaodong] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zhongwu; Zeng, Guangming; Ma, Wenming; Zhang, Xue; Huang, Jinquan; Nie, Xiaodong] Hunan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Environm Biol & Pollut Control, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jianbing] Univ No British Columbia, Environm Engn Program, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.;[Zhang, Jiachao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Zhongwu] H;Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Microbial abundance;Microbial community structure;Rainfall simulation;Soil organic carbon;Soil properties;Water erosion
摘要：
Water erosion significantly affects soil properties, and microbial communities are likely to respond to this disturbance, thereby considerably influencing soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. This study investigated the impact of water erosion on the soil microbial communities in a hilly, sloped cropland in subtropical China. To this end, 1. h rainfall was simulated, and the soil samples collected from three plots (I, II, and III) during and for 132. h after rainfall simulation were analyzed. The two-stage variations in soil microbial abundance and community structure were identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, respectively. During rain, severe water erosion significantly reduced the bacterial abundance (BA) and fungal abundance (FA) in plot II. Most of the soil properties of the entire land significantly changed because of erosion. The overall redundancy analysis results illustrate that during the subsequent 132. h, soil pH strongly controlled the Shannon index of bacterial diversity and soil moisture had a significant negative correlation with FA and the Shannon index of fungal diversity. By contrast, a positive correlation was found between BA, FA and SOC. These results suggest that the dynamics of microbial communities are closely related to erosion-induced changes in soil properties. Bacteria and fungi differentially respond to these changes. Thus, merely analyzing the variations in SOC pool content is therefore insufficient. Elucidating soil microbial dynamics and gaining insight into the dynamics of erosion-sensitive functional groups or species are necessary for evaluating eroded carbon dynamics. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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Identification and characterization of BGL11(t), a novel gene regulating leaf-color mutation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
作者：
Wang, Zhi-kun* ;Huang, Yun-xiang;Miao, Zheng-diao;Hu, Zhi-yan;Song, Xin-zhang;...
期刊：
GENES & GENOMICS ,2013年35(4):491-499 ISSN：1976-9571
通讯作者：
Wang, Zhi-kun
作者机构：
[Hu, Zhi-yan; Liu, Li; Miao, Zheng-diao; Wang, Zhi-kun] Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Inst Appl Chem, Linan 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Yun-xiang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Song, Xin-zhang] Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Sch Forestry & Biotechnol, Linan 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Zhi-kun] Z;Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Inst Appl Chem, Linan 311300, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Oryza sativa L.;Bright-green leaf mutant;Chloroplast development;BGL11(t);Map-based cloning
摘要：
A novel bright-green leaf mutant, bgl11, derived from Nipponbare (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) treated by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), exhibited a distinct bright-green leaf phenotype throughout development. Chlorophyll contents of bgl11 decreased significantly than that of its wild-type parent. Genetic analysis suggested that the bright-green leaf trait was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, which was tentatively designed as BGL11(t). To isolate the BGL11(t) gene, a map-based cloning strategy was employed, and the gene was finally mapped in a 94.7 kb region between marker InDel11-5 and InDel11-9 on the long arm of chromosome 11, in which no gene leaded to leaf-color mutation had been mapped or cloned. Cloning and sequencing analysis revealed that, LOC-Os11g38040, which was predicted to encode an expressed protein, had a 9 bp segment deletion in the coding region of bgl11. Furthermore, the transgenic plants with wild-type gene LOC-Os11g38040 were restored to normal phenotype. Accordingly, the gene (LOC-Os11g38040) was identified as the BGL11(t) gene. These results are very valuable for further study on BGL11(t) gene and illuminating the mechanism of chloroplast development in rice. © 2013 The Genetics Society of Korea.
语种：
英文
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Evaluation of agricultural nonpoint source pollution potential risk over China with a Transformed-Agricultural Nonpoint Pollution Potential Index method
作者：
Yang, Fei;Xu, Zhencheng;Zhu, Yunqiang* ;He, Chansheng;Wu, Genyi;...
期刊：
Environmental Technology ,2013年34(21):2951-2963 ISSN：0959-3330
通讯作者：
Zhu, Yunqiang
作者机构：
[Zhu, Yunqiang; Fu, Qiang; Yang, Fei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Qiu, Jin Rong; Xu, Zhencheng] South China Inst Environm Sci, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[He, Chansheng] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geog, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.;[Wu, Genyi] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Qingsong; Fu, Qiang] Henan Univ, Coll Environm & Planning, Kaifeng 475001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, Yunqiang] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
关键词：
NPS potential risk;T-APPI;evaluation;spatial distribution
摘要：
Agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution has been the most important threat to water environment quality. Understanding the spatial distribution of NPS pollution potential risk is important for taking effective measures to control and reduce NPS pollution. A Transformed-Agricultural Nonpoint Pollution Potential Index (T-APPI) model was constructed for evaluating the national NPS pollution potential risk in this study; it was also combined with remote sensing and geographic information system techniques for evaluation on the large scale and at 1 km2 spatial resolution. This model considers many factors contributing to the NPS pollution as the original APPI model, summarized as four indicators of the runoff, sediment production, chemical use and the people and animal load. These four indicators were analysed in detail at 1 km2 spatial resolution throughout China. The T-APPI model distinguished the four indicators into pollution source factors and transport process factors; it also took their relationship into consideration. The studied results showed that T-APPI is a credible and convenient method for NPS pollution potential risk evaluation. The results also indicated that the highest NPS pollution potential risk is distributed in the middle-southern Jiangsu province. Several other regions, including the North China Plain, Chengdu Basin Plain, Jianghan Plain, cultivated lands in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, also showed serious NPS pollution potential. This study can provide a scientific reference for predicting the future NPS pollution risk throughout China and may be helpful for taking reasonable and effective measures for preventing and controlling NPS pollution. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
语种：
英文
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Responses of Seed Yield and Quality to Nitrogen Application Levels in Two Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Varieties Differing in Nitrogen Efficiency
作者：
Zhang, Zhen-hua;Song, Hai-xing* ;Liu, Qiang;Rong, Xiang-min;Peng, Jian-wei;...
期刊：
Plant Production Science ,2012年15(4):265-269 ISSN：1343-943X
通讯作者：
Song, Hai-xing
作者机构：
[Xie, Gui-xian; Zhang, Zhen-hua; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jian-wei; Song, Hai-xing; Rong, Xiang-min; Zhang, Yu-ping] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Gui-xian; Zhang, Zhen-hua; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jian-wei; Song, Hai-xing; Rong, Xiang-min; Zhang, Yu-ping] Natl Engn Lab High Utilizat Efficiency Soil Ferti, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chun-yun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Li-ru] Yueyang Qual Inspect Agr Prod Monitoring Ctr, Yueyang 414000, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Ji-dong] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Song, Hai-xing] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Nitrogen efficiency;Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.);Quality;Yield
摘要：
Abstract The relationship between nitrogen efficiency (NE), defined as seed yield per unit nitrogen (N) application, and seed quality was examined in two oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) varieties at 5 N application levels, 0.6, 3, 6, 12, 15 mmol L−1, N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5, respectively. Seed yield, oil yield and protein content were increased with the increase in N application level, but NE and oil content were decreased, and the fatty acid composition in seed was hardly changed. Analysis of seven fatty acids revealed aslight decrease in the contents of erucic acid and arachidonic acid with the increase in N application level, but no obvious change in the contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Compared with the low NE variety H29, the seed yield and contents of erucic acid and arachidonic acid in the high NE variety bin270 were more markedly increased with the increase in N application level, and the oil content was hardly changed. The seed yield, oilcontent and oil yield were higher in the high NE variety than in the low NE variety at all 5 N application levels. There were no significant differences in protein, palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid contents between the varieties at any of the 5 N application levels, but there were slight differences in the linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents between the two varieties. In brief, N application improved oil yield more greatly in the high NE variety than in the low NE variety, but hardly affected the fatty acid composition. Therefore, the seed quality and oil content of oilseed rape may not be decreased by breeding of a high NE variety with a high N absorption efficiency and high N use efficiency.
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英文
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Modifying Fe3O4 nanoparticles with humic acid for removal of Rhodamine B in water
作者：
Peng, Liang* ;Qin, Pufeng;Lei, Ming;Zeng, Qingru;Song, Huijuan;...
期刊：
Journal of Hazardous Materials ,2012年209-210:193-198 ISSN：0304-3894
通讯作者：
Peng, Liang
作者机构：
[Peng, Liang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resource & Environm, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Liang; Song, Huijuan] Cent S Univ, Sch Met Sci & Technol, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Jidong] Univ Hong Kong, Lab Environm Toxicol, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng, Liang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resource & Environm, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Nano-Fe3O4;Rhodamine B;Nanostructure;Separations;Adsorption;Interface
摘要：
Humic acid (HA) modifying Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles (Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/HA) was developed for removal of Rhodamine B from water. Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/HA was prepared by a coprecipitation procedure with cheap and environmentally friendly iron salts and HA. TEM images revealed the Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/HA (with ~10nm Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> cores) were aggregated as aqueous suspensions. With a saturation magnetization of 61.2emu/g, the Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/HA could be simply recovered from water with magnetic separations at low magnetic field gradients within a few minutes. Sorption of the Rhodamine B to Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/HA reached equilibrium in less than 15min, and agreed well to the Langmuir adsorption model with maximum adsorption capacities of 161.8mg/g. The Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/HA was able to remove over 98.5% of Rhodamin B in water at optimized pH. ©2012 Elsevier B.V.
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英文
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Phytotoxicity of thiocyanate to rice seedlings
作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang* ;Zhang, Fu-Zhong;Li, Fan
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2012年88(5):703-706 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang
作者机构：
[Li, Fan; Yu, Xiao-Zhang; Zhang, Fu-Zhong] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Xiao-Zhang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Removal;Rice;Thiocyanate;Toxicity
摘要：
The acute toxicity of potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) to rice seedlings was tested. Hydroponically-grown plants showed different responses to the two species of thiocyanate. NH4SCN caused more severe stress to rice seedlings than KSCN. A significant reduction in transpiration and relative growth was observed with all NH4SCN treatments (p\0.01), while the effect of KSCN on rice seedlings was more evident at greater than 100 mg SCN/L (p\0.01). Both chemicals had a negligible effect on total chlorophyll content in shoots of rice seedlings (p[0.05). Although phyto-transport of thiocyanate was apparent, rice seedlings showed significantly higher removal potential for NH4SCN than KSCN. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.
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英文
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Improved debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers by bimetallic iron–silver nanoparticles coupled with microwave energy
作者：
Luo, Si;Yang, Shaogui* ;Sun, Cheng;Gu, Ji-Dong
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment ,2012年429:300-308 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Yang, Shaogui
作者机构：
[Luo, Si; Yang, Shaogui; Sun, Cheng] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Si; Gu, Ji-Dong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Ji-Dong] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Environm Microbiol & Toxicol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Shaogui] N;Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Bimetallic iron-silver;PBDEs;Debromination;Nano technologies;Zero valent iron;Microwave energy
摘要：
This study focused on the enhanced debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and 2,2,4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by Fe-Ag nano-particles under microwave radiation (Fe-Ag/MW). Fe-Ag bimetallic nano-particles were synthesized by reductive deposition of Ag on nano-iron and characterized with a number of techniques, including BET, XRD, TEM and XPS. Approximately 97% of BDE-209 or 78% of BDE-47 were rapidly transformed to its degradation products within 8 min in the Fe-Ag/MW system. The dehalogenation efficiency of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was enhanced apparently by microwave radiation. Moreover, the microwave thermal energy played a significant role in accelerating the degradation reactions. Compared with nano-iron alone, the deposition of Ag also increased the rates of degradation. GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses of PBDEs' degradation products reveals that the possible degradation pathway proceeds through stepwise debromination from [n]-bromo- to [n-1]-bromo-DE, with bromine being substituted by hydrogen sequentially. Di- to nona-brominated congeners were formed during BDE-209 reduction, while diphenyl ether to tri-BDEs were observed during BDE-47 degradation. These results suggest that PBDEs can be debrominated rapidly by the innovative processes that may be environmentally friendly in applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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英文
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Risk assessment and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils of Huanghuai plain, China
作者：
Yang, Bing;Xue, Nandong* ;Zhou, Lingli;Li, Fasheng;Cong, Xin;...
期刊：
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ,2012年84:304-310 ISSN：0147-6513
通讯作者：
Xue, Nandong
作者机构：
[Xue, Nandong; Li, Fasheng; Li, Huiying; Liu, Bo; Yang, Bing; Han, Baolu; Zhou, Lingli; Yan, Yunzhong] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Bo; Han, Baolu] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm & Recourses, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cong, Xin] Liaoning Tech Univ, Coll Resource & Environm Engn, Fuxing 123000, Peoples R China.;[Xue, Nandong] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, 8 DaYangFang AnWai, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xue, Nandong] C;Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, 8 DaYangFang AnWai, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Agricultural soil;Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs);Principal component analysis;Risk assessment
摘要：
The profiles and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in 227 agricultural surface soils from the Huanghuai plain, China. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 15.7 to 1247.6. μg/kg, with an average of 129.5. μg/kg. Compared with pollution level and carcinogenic potential risk in other research, the soil PAH concentrations in this study fell within low to middle level. Unexpectedly, a significant correlation was not observed between the PAH concentration in soils and the corresponding content of the soil organic matter. This is partly interpreted for our sampling sites located in agricultural area where fresh input of organic fertilizers is expected. Principal component analysis-multiple linear regression suggests that low temperature combustion, coal combustion and traffic emissions could be the primary PAH contributors in soils from the Huanghuai plain, accounting for 46.7 percent, 42.1 percent and 11.2 percent of PAH concentrations, respectively. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
语种：
英文
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Reductive degradation of tetrabromobisphenol using iron-silver and iron-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles with microwave energy
作者：
Luo, Si;Yang, Shaogui;Wang, Xiaodong;Sun, Cheng*
期刊：
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE ,2012年29(6):453-460 ISSN：1092-8758
通讯作者：
Sun, Cheng
作者机构：
[Luo, Si; Wang, Xiaodong; Yang, Shaogui; Sun, Cheng] Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Sch Environm, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Si] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Cheng] Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Sch Environm, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, Cheng] N;Nanjing Univ, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Sch Environm, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
关键词：
bimetallic;debromination;microwave radiation;nanoparticles;TBBPA
摘要：
In this work, a novel combined system by Fe-Ag or Fe-Ni nanoparticles and microwave (MW) radiation were used for the debromination of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in aqueous solutions. Core-shell structure bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by replacement reaction in liquid phase and then characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. MW radiation can enhance the degradation of TBBPA by Fe-Ag or Fe-Ni observably. The rate of reduction reactions for bimetallic nanoparticles under MW were first compared with those under conventional heating conditions. Compared with nano-iron, the deposition of Ag or Ni also accelerated the debromination, and Fe-Ag was more reactive than Fe-Ni toward TBBPA reduction. Removal efficiencies increased with increasing Fe-Ag dosage and MW energy level. Major reduction products of TBBPA identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were tri-BBPA, di-BBPA, mono-BBPA, and BPA, which indicated a stepwise debromination process. It provides an effective technology for TBBPA laden wastewater treatment. © Copyright 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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英文
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Evidence of iron cyanides as supplementary nitrogen source to rice seedlings
作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang* ;Shen, Ping-Ping;Gu, Ji-Guang;Zhou, Yan;Zhang, Fu-Zhong
期刊：
Ecotoxicology ,2012年21(6):1642-1650 ISSN：0963-9292
通讯作者：
Yu, Xiao-Zhang
作者机构：
[Zhou, Yan; Yu, Xiao-Zhang; Zhang, Fu-Zhong] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Shen, Ping-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Marine Bioresources Sustainable Utilizat, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Gu, Ji-Guang] Jinan Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Xiao-Zhang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 41028, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Assimilation;Glutamine synthetase;Iron cyanide;Nitrate reductase;Rice
摘要：
The effect of iron cyanides on activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) of plants was investigated. Young rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. XZX 45) were grown in the nutrient solutions containing KNO3 or NH4Cl and treated with ferro-cyanide [K 4Fe(CN)6] or ferri-cyanide [K3Fe(CN) 6]. Total cyanide and free cyanide in solutions and in plant materials were analyzed. Activities of NR and GS in different parts of plants were assayed in vivo. Results: indicated that all rice seedlings exposed to either ferro- or ferri-cyanide showed positive growth. The phyto-assimilation rates of both iron cyanide species by rice seedlings were positively correlated to the doses supplied. Seedlings grown on NO3- showed significantly higher assimilatory potential for both ferroand ferri-cyanide than those on NH4+. Rice seedlings grown on NH 4+-containing nutrient solution accumulated more cyanide in plant materials, majority being in roots rather than shoots, than these grown on NO3--containing nutrient solution, suggesting that the presence of ammonium (NH4+) in the nutrient solution caused a negative impact on botanical assimilation of both iron cyanides. Sensitivity of NR and GS in rice seedlings exposed to ferro- and ferri-cyanide was identical, where conspicuous effects were only observed at the highest concentration supplied. The evidence offered here suggests that both iron cyanides can be a supplementary source of nitrogen to plant nutrition. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.
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英文
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Role of soil total nitrogen in aroma synthesis of traditional regional aromatic rice in China
作者：
Yang, Shuying;Zou, Yingbin* ;Liang, Yizeng;Xia, Bing;Liu, Shaokun;...
期刊：
Field Crops Research ,2012年125:151-160 ISSN：0378-4290
通讯作者：
Zou, Yingbin
作者机构：
[Zhu, Jiawen; Li, Ping; Liu, Liang; Chen, Ying; Yang, Shuying] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Md, Ibrahim; Zou, Yingbin; Li, Diqin; Xia, Bing; Zeng, Yan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Inst Rice Res, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liang, Yizeng] Cent S Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Res Ctr Modernizat Chinese Herbal Med, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shaokun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Inst Land Utilizat & Informat Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yanqing] Xiang Xi Zi Zhi Zhou Tobacco Co, Yongshun Dept Co, Automonous Prefecture Xi 416700, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zou, Yingbin] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Inst Rice Res, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
AMWFA;Aromatic rice;GC-MS;Nitrogen-containing compounds;Soil total nitrogen
摘要：
Background and aims: Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) is warmly welcomed world-wide. Previous research showed contradictory evidence on whether or not nitrogen is an environmental factor in producing high quality aromatic rice. So it is necessary to clarify the role of nitrogen in aroma synthesis of traditional Chinese regional aromatic rice. Methods: By sensory analysis and GC-MS analysis coupled with alternative moving window factor analysis (AMWFA), aromas were qualified and quantified. Aromatic rice cultivars named Basmati, Xiangwanxian#13, Zhongxiang#1 and non-aromatic rice cultivar named Huanghuazhan were chosen. Two experiments were conducted in three locations on five kinds of paddy fields. One experiment was designed as a Split-Split-plot with four replications in traditional regional aromatic rice production field (APF) and common paddy field (CPF). APF and CPF located in Jiangyong County and Yongshun County. The second experiment was a completely randomized design with four rice cultivars with four replications in Changsha City. Results: Results showed that: (1) higher total soil nitrogen content corresponds to higher l-proline content and total nitrogen (protein) content of the brown rice; (2) higher total soil nitrogen content corresponds to lower soluble protein content of the brown rice; (3) the stronger the aroma of the rice grain, the greater the l-proline and total nitrogen content with lower soluble protein found in the brown rice; and (4) the higher the total nitrogen content of the soil, the stronger the aroma of the grain. Conclusions: Total soil nitrogen is one of the key factors in producing the aroma of traditional Chinese regional aromatic rice. We can regulate the nitrogen metabolism to strengthen the aroma of the rice as the same as gene modification. In the future we should consider the effect of the salinization of soil on the nitrogen (N) metabolism. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
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