作者： Yan, Xing;Han, Haojie;Li, Xiaohan;Wen, Jiong;Rong, Xiangmin;...

期刊： Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,2024年361:108822 ISSN：0167-8809

通讯作者： Xia, YQ

作者机构： [Xia, Yongqiu; Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xiaoyuan; Yan, Xing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.;[Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Wen, Jiong] Yueyang Agr Res Acad, Yueyang 414215, Peoples R China.;[Rong, Xiangmin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xia, YQ ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.

关键词： N removal kinetics;Small water bodies;Dissolved organic carbon;Intensive agricultural areas

摘要： Small water bodies are extensively distributed and play critical roles in nitrogen (N) removal, primarily through sediment denitrification. However, our comprehension understanding of the N removal rate constant in these systems, particularly within the first-order kinetics model, remains limited. To address this gap, a one-year field study was conducted to investigate the N removal rate and N removal rate constant in various small water bodies within a typical intensive agricultural area. We observed a decrease in N removal rates in the downstream direction, from ditches to downstream ponds and streams, potentially due to upstream water bodies receiving higher nutrient inputs. Moreover, our findings revealed that the N removal process in small water bodies generally follows a first-order kinetics reaction model, with the N removal rate constant varying from 0.22 d-1 in streams and 0.48 d-1 in vegetated ditches. Both water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations collectively influenced the N removal rate constants. By leveraging the relationship between the N removal rate constant and these environmental factors, we further estimated that, on average, small water bodies remove 68% of the N loading in the Dongting Lake Basin. We recommend implementing artificial management measures, such as vegetation, to enhance the N removal capacity of water bodies. However, the caution must be exercised in measures like concrete linings in ditches, as they can hinder N removal. These findings not only offer methods for estimating N removal in small water bodies, but also provide an insight into enhancing the N removal capacity of these systems to effectively mitigate non-point N pollution.

语种： 英文

作者： Yan, Xing;Han, Haojie;Li, Xiaohan;Rong, Xiangmin;Xia, Longlong;...

期刊： Journal of Environmental Management,2024年364:121472 ISSN：0301-4797

通讯作者： Xia, YQ

作者机构： [Xia, Longlong; Xia, Yongqiu; Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xiaoyuan; Yan, Xing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.;[Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Yongqiu; Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xiaoyuan; Yan, Xing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing 211135, Peoples R China.;[Rong, Xiangmin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Xia, YQ ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.

关键词： Aquaculture;China;Net emission;Nitrous oxide;Small water body

摘要： Aquaculture systems are expected to act as potential hotspots for nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions, largely attributed to substantial nutrient loading from aquafeed applications. However, the specific patterns and contributions of N(2)O fluxes from these systems to the global emissions inventory are not well characterized due to limited data. This study investigates the patterns of N(2)O flux across 127 freshwater systems in China to elucidate the role of aquaculture ponds and lakes/reservoirs in landscape N(2)O emission. Our findings show that the average N(2)O flux from aquaculture ponds was 3.63 times higher (28.73μg N(2)O m(-2) h(-1)) than that from non-aquaculture ponds. Additionally, the average N(2)O flux from aquaculture lakes/reservoirs (15.65μg N(2)O m(-2) h(-1)) increased 3.05 times compared to non-aquaculture lakes/reservoirs. The transition from non-aquaculture to aquaculture practices has resulted in a net annual increase of 7589±2409Mg N(2)O emissions in China's freshwater systems from 2003 to 2022, equivalent to 20% of total N(2)O emissions from China's inland water. Particularly, the robust negative regression relationship between N(2)O emission intensity and water area suggests that small ponds are hotspots of N(2)O emissions, a result of both elevated nutrient concentrations and more vigorous biogeochemical cycles. This indicates that N(2)O emissions from smaller aquaculture ponds are larger per unit area compared to equivalent larger water bodies. Our findings highlight that N(2)O emissions from aquaculture systems can not be proxied by those from natural water bodies, especially small water bodies exhibiting significant but largely unquantified N(2)O emissions. In the context of the rapid global expansion of aquaculture, this underscores the critical need to integrate aquaculture into global assessments of inland water N(2)O emissions to advance towards a low-carbon future.

语种： 英文

作者： Deng, Xiao;Wu, Shuangjun;Yang, Yang;Qin, Yongbo;Huang, Qinyi;...

期刊： Chemosphere,2023年322:138192 ISSN：0045-6535

通讯作者： Yang, Yang(yyss0212@163.com)

作者机构： [Huang, Qinyi; Wu, Weijian; Rong, Xiangmin; Zeng, Qingru; Deng, Xiao; Wu, Shuangjun; Qin, Yongbo; Yang, Yang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yang Yang] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China

关键词： Cadmium;Phytoremediation;Rice–chicory rotation;Straw removal

摘要： Cadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy systems is a serious problem, and a strategy must be devised that ensures safe grain production and rapid remediation of soil Cd contamination. To investigate the remediation potential of crop rotation and its effect on Cd accumulation in rice, a four-year (seven-season) rice–chicory rotation field trial was conducted on a moderately acidic Cd-contaminated paddy soil. Rice was planted in summers, followed by straw removal, and chicory, a Cd-enrichment plant, was planted during winter fallows. Rotation effects were compared with those with rice only (control). Rice yields between the rotation and control were not significantly different, whereas Cd concentrations in rice tissues decreased in the rotation. Cd concentration in brown rice of the low-Cd variety decreased to less than 0.2 mg/kg (national food safety standard) from the third season onward, whereas in the high-Cd variety, it decreased from 0.43 mg/kg in the first season to 0.24 mg/kg in the fourth season. The highest Cd concentration in chicory aboveground parts was 24.47 mg/kg, with an enrichment factor of 27.81. Chicory had high regenerative capacity and was repeatedly harvested for biomass in multiple mowings, with average aboveground biomass over 2000 kg/ha in a single mowing. Theoretical phytoextraction efficiency (TPE) of one rice season with straw removal was 0.84%–2.44%, whereas the highest TPE of one chicory season reached 8.07%. The seven seasons of rice–chicory rotation extracted up to 407 g/ha Cd from soil with a TPE exceeding 20%. Therefore, rice–chicory rotation and straw removal can effectively reduce Cd accumulation in subsequent rice crops, without interrupting production and simultaneously rapidly remediating Cd-contaminated soil. Thus, the production potential of light to moderately Cd-contaminated paddy fields can be realized with crop rotation. © 2023

语种： 英文

作者： 龙广丽;严星;夏永秋;刘鑫;文炯;...

期刊： 农业环境科学学报,2023年42(4):842-851 ISSN：1672-2043

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[夏永秋; 严星] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所;[文炯; 彭芝] 岳阳市农业科学研究院;[刘鑫; 荣湘民; 龙广丽] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 反硝化速率;沟塘;脱氮能力;面源污染

摘要： 为探究洞庭湖区典型沟塘反硝化脱氮规律,本研究于2020年9月至2021年8月,采集洞庭湖流域不同类型沟塘上覆水样及表层柱状沉积物,通过近似原位的培养方法并结合膜进样质谱法测定了不同沟塘的反硝化速率。结果表明:沟塘反硝化速...展开更多 为探究洞庭湖区典型沟塘反硝化脱氮规律,本研究于2020年9月至2021年8月,采集洞庭湖流域不同类型沟塘上覆水样及表层柱状沉积物,通过近似原位的培养方法并结合膜进样质谱法测定了不同沟塘的反硝化速率。结果表明:沟塘反硝化速率存在显著的时空异质性,反硝化速率范围为22.10~238.02μmol·m–2·h–1,均值为91.12μmol·m–2·h–1,春、夏季节的反硝化速率大于秋、冬季节。不同类型的沟塘反硝化速率也存在显著差异,表现为农沟>支沟>池塘>干沟,有植被沟渠>无植被沟渠。偏最小二乘回归分析(PLSR)表明,水体中硝态氮(NO3--N)浓度和溶解性有机碳(DOC)浓度及沉积物中DOC含量均会对反硝化速率产生显著影响(P<0.05),其中水体NO3--N浓度是反硝化作用的最主要限制因素。研究表明,研究区沟塘湿地可去除33.44%的水体氮负荷,从而大幅减少了向下游水域输入的氮污染风险,这对于缓解洞庭湖流域面源污染有重要作用。收起

语种： 中文

作者： Lin, Meixia;Li, Fayun;Li, Xiaotong;Rong, Xiangmin;Oh, Kokyo

期刊： Environmental Chemistry Letters,2023年21(3):1837-1862 ISSN：1610-3653

通讯作者： Fayun Li

作者机构： [Li, Xiaotong; Li, Fayun; Lin, Meixia] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R China.;[Li, Fayun; Rong, Xiangmin; Lin, Meixia] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Oh, Kokyo] Ctr Environm Sci Saitama, Saitama 3470115, Japan.

通讯机构： [Fayun Li] S;School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China<&wdkj&>School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China

关键词： Biochar;Support matrix;Adsorption;Biodegradation;Enzymatic catalysis;Environmental remediation

摘要： Worldwide pollution of waters and soils is a rising health issue calling for advanced decontamination methods such as adsorption of contaminants on biochar because biochar is carbon-negative material displaying many adsorptive properties. Biochar has been improved by chemical, physical and magnetic modifications, and by surface decoration, yet the recent development of biochar-supported composites appears more promising. Here we review biochar-supported composites with focus on preparation, mechanisms, biochar-clays, biochar-microorganisms, biochar-enzymes, and applications to adsorb metals, nutrients and organic contaminants.

语种： 英文

作者： Lin, Meixia;Li, Fayun;Wang, Wei;Rong, Xiangmin

期刊： Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2022年655:130217 ISSN：0927-7757

通讯作者： Li, FY

作者机构： [Li, Fayun; Rong, Xiangmin; Lin, Meixia] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Wei; Li, Fayun; Lin, Meixia] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R China.;[Li, Fayun; Li, FY] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, FY ] S;Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.

关键词： Adsorption;Biochar;Mineral;Petroleum hydrocarbon;Removal mechanism

摘要： Three biochar-based adsorbents, namely, original ecological biochar (BC), attapulgite-biochar composite (ABC), and FeCl3-attapulgite-biochar composite (FABC), were successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere in the study. The as-prepared samples were applied to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from soil. The characterization results of interfacial chemical behaviors of the adsorbents indicated that Fe-O-C metallic-organic complexes were generated on the surface of biochar when FeCl3 and ATP was added in the pyrolysis process of biochar. FABC performed best in improving the stability and oxidation resistance of biochar. The adsorption experiments of petroleum hydrocarbons indicated that the maximum removal efficiency of FABC was 86.75%, which was 1.39 times of that of ABC and 1.56 times of that of BC. The composition changes of petroleum hydrocarbons before and after adsorption experiments were analyzed with UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscope (UV–vis DRS) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Primary adsorption mechanisms of petroleum hydrocarbons onto FABC were attributed to surface adsorption, micropore filling, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and chelating effects and oxidation-reduction reactions were also involved in the adsorption process. Therefore, as a low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly adsorbent, FABC is significant in removing organic pollutants from soil. © 2022

语种： 英文

作者： Lin, Meixia;Li, Fayun*;Cheng, Wenyuan;Rong, Xiangmin;Wang, Wei

期刊： Chemosphere,2022年288:132620 ISSN：0045-6535

通讯作者： Li, Fayun

作者机构： [Wang, Wei; Li, Fayun; Lin, Meixia] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai 210418, Peoples R China.;[Li, Fayun; Rong, Xiangmin; Lin, Meixia] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Wenyuan] Hebei Univ Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Tianjin 300401, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, Fayun] S;Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai 210418, Peoples R China.

关键词： Alkali-activated biochar;Graphite phase carbon nitride;Morphology modulation;Persistent organic pollutants;Synergistic effect

摘要： The rational design of a novel and environmentally friendly photocatalytic composite for persistent pollutant removal, energy production and catalytic applications have attracted widespread interest. In this study, the new composite composed of KOH-modified biochar and g-C3N4 with different morphologies was successfully prepared with facile supramolecular self-assembly and thermal poly-condensation method. The characterization results of the as-prepared composites suggested that KOH-modified biochar had been well combined with g-C3N4 with different morphologies. These synthesized catalysts were used to degrade phenanthrene under visible light radiation. A-BC/g–C3N4–D performed best and removed 76.72% phenanthrene. Its first-order reaction rate constant was 0.355 h−1, which was 3.7 times higher than that of g-C3N4. A-BC/g–C3N4–D still exhibited a high photocatalytic activity after four cycles. Radical quenching results showed that superoxide radical (·O2−), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and hole (h+) could be used as active species in the redox reaction with phenanthrene. Based on the exploration results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), a possible reaction pathway of phenanthrene degradation was also proposed. This study provides a novel strategy for fabricating various high-performance photocatalysts and the removal of persistent organic pollutants. © 2021

语种： 英文

作者： 杨勇;李晗;旦增;云丹佳措;陈革明;...

期刊： 西藏农业科技,2021年43(01):24-28 ISSN：1005-2925

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410128;湖南华绿生物科技有限公司,湖南湘潭 411200;[旦增; 云丹佳措] 西藏白朗县农牧综合服务中心,西藏日喀则 857000;西藏珠峰华绿生态农业科技有限公司,西藏日喀则 857000;[荣湘民; 杨勇] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 青稞;控失肥;肥料利用率;产量;西藏

摘要： 采用田间小区试验,研究"珠峰4000"青稞专用控失肥对青稞籽粒产量、养分吸收和肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:在试验设置施肥量范围内,施用青稞专用控失肥青稞籽粒产量明显增加,且籽粒产量随施肥量的增加呈上升趋势;养分累积量与籽粒产量的趋势一致,而肥料利用率却呈下降趋势。施肥量为900 kg/hm~2时产量最高,达到4 682.3 kg/hm~2,增产幅度达到150.7%。有效穗、穗粒数、结实率和千粒质量都明显增加,而有效穗和穗粒数对籽粒产量影响较大。

语种： 中文

作者： 唐丽;谢勇;荣湘民;杨威;黄佳怡;...

期刊： 中国农业科技导报,2020年22(9):132-142 ISSN：1008-0864

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,长沙410128;[黄佳怡; 荣湘民; 谢勇; 张炼; 唐丽; 何石福; 杨威] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校

关键词： 有机肥;替代比例;水稻;产量;田面水;氮素利用

摘要： 有机肥与化肥配施是农业生产中稳产增产、减少化肥施用和保护环境的重要生产模式。为探索有机肥替代化肥氮的合理比例,采用田间小区试验,设置6个有机肥替代化肥氮的比例梯度(0%、10%、20%、30%、 40%和50%),分析了有机肥替代化肥氮的比例差异对水稻产量、氮素利用率和氮流失风险的影响。结果表明:与常规化肥处理比较, 20%的替代比对早稻的有效穗数显著增加了5.8%,对晚稻的产量构成因素(穗长增加16.1%、有效穗数增加7.4%、实粒数增加11.8%、千粒重增加11.1%、结实率增加4.5%)均有显著的增加效果,且早、晚稻分别显著增产13.9%和18.6%,氮肥吸收利用率分别显著增加4.7%和4.9%。替代比例与早、晚稻产量的拟合方程得出产量最佳的替代比均为21%。有机肥氮配施比例越大,田面水氮浓度越低,减少了氮素径流损失风险。因此,有机肥替代化肥氮的比例20%时,既可以提高水稻增产潜力,又能降低稻田氮素流失风险和适当减少稻田化学氮肥施用量,值得推广应用。

语种： 中文

作者： 杨勇;李晗;旦增;云丹佳措;陈革明;...

期刊： 大麦与谷类科学,2020年37(03):35-40 ISSN：1673-6486

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128;湖南华绿生物科技有限公司,湖南湘潭411200;西藏自治区日喀则市白朗县农牧综合服务中心,西藏日喀则857000;西藏珠峰华绿生态农业科技有限公司,西藏日喀则857000;[荣湘民; 杨勇] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 青稞;商品有机肥;肥料利用率;产量;有机质

摘要： 采用田间小区试验,研究商品有机肥对青稞产量和养分利用效率的影响。结果表明,随着商品有机肥施用量的增加,青稞籽粒产量呈先增加后减少的趋势。供试商品有机肥施肥量为2 250 kg/hm2时籽粒产量最高,达到5 007.5 kg/hm2,增产幅度为66.2%。氮磷钾肥利用率都随着商品有机肥施用量的增加呈先缓慢升高后快速降低的趋势,最高分别增加7.51、3.13、17.67百分点。由此说明增施商品有机肥可明显增加土壤速效养分含量和有机质含量,对土壤p H值影响不大。综合分析,青稞施用供试商品有机肥,推荐适宜施用量为1 500～2 250 kg/hm2。

语种： 中文

作者： 杨勇;李晗;旦增;云丹佳措;陈革明;...

期刊： 西藏农业科技,2020年42(04):52-56 ISSN：1005-2925

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128;湖南华绿生物科技有限公司,湖南湘潭411200;白朗县农牧综合服务中心,西藏日喀则857000;西藏珠峰华绿生态农业科技有限公司,西藏日喀则857000;[荣湘民; 杨勇] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 青稞;有机肥;养分吸收;产量

摘要： 采用田间小区试验,研究'珠峰4000'商品有机肥对青稞氮磷钾养分吸收和籽粒产量的影响.结果表明:增施商品有机肥青稞产量明显增加,随着施肥量的增加,青稞籽粒产量呈先增加后减少的趋势,施肥量为2250 kg/hm2时产量最高,达到5007.5 kg/hm2,增产幅度达到66.2 ％;有效穗、穗粒数和结实率明显增加,千粒重增幅较小;养分含量增加不明显,而养分积累量显著增加.籽粒产量与养分积累量呈显著正相关关系,而与养分含量呈负相关关系;产量构成因素各指标都与产量呈正相关,但只有穗粒数达到极显著相关.

语种： 中文

作者： 黄家怡;荣湘民;侯坤;黄卓江;颜娟;...

期刊： 河南农业科学,2020年49(08):31-44 ISSN：1004-3268

作者机构： 湖南农业大学 资源环境学院,湖南 长沙 410128;[黄家怡; 荣湘民; 田昌; 颜娟; 黄卓江; 侯坤; 韩永亮] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 双季稻;减量施肥;生物炭;腐植酸;产量;养分流失

摘要： 采用大田试验研究了氮、磷各减量20％配施腐植酸(900 kg/hm2)、生物炭(2250 kg/hm2)对水稻产量和氮、磷流失的影响,以期筛选出能够削减水稻田面源污染的田间施肥技术.结果表明,相对于常规施肥,氮、磷各减量20％及减量后配施生物炭、腐植酸对水稻产量均无显著影响,对秸秆和籽粒中氮、磷、钾含量亦无显著影响;但相对于氮、磷各减量20％ 处理,在氮、磷各减量20％ 的基础上同时增施生物炭和腐植酸能显著提高双季稻的株高、每穗实粒数、结实率、产量.常规施肥处理田面水中氮、磷质量浓度总体上显著高于其他氮、磷减量配施生物炭、腐植酸处理;且相对于氮、磷各减量20％处理,采用在氮、磷各减量20％基础上配施生物炭、腐植酸的施肥方式,田面水中平均总氮、总磷质量浓度分别减少了3.18％ ～16.35％、3.23％ ～13.21％,明显降低了氮、磷流失风险.其中,氮、磷减量20％同时配施腐植酸和生物炭处理双季稻产量高,且氮、磷流失少,是最好的施肥方式,该施肥方式相比于氮、磷各减量20％ 处理早稻田面水中总氮、可溶性氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、总磷、可溶性磷质量浓度分别下降了16.35％、13.45％、17.39％、14.06％、13.21％、13.95％,晚稻田面水中分别下降了10.51％、10.78％、9.43％、16.90％、12.90％、13.33％.

语种： 中文

作者： 文炯;石敦杰;荣湘民;田昌;杨勇

期刊： 作物研究,2019年33(4):309-314,326 ISSN：1001-5280

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,长沙410128;岳阳市农业科学研究院/农业农村部岳阳农业环境科学观测实验站,湖南岳阳414000;湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,长沙,410128;[荣湘民; 文炯; 杨勇; 田昌; 石敦杰] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 生态沟渠;氮磷消纳;水生植物;生物拦截

摘要： 构建生态沟渠消纳水体氮磷是防控农业面源污染的重要措施。为筛选出适应湘北洞庭湖区农区沟渠生长的高富集氮、磷植物,选取津市市毛里湖稻区沟渠作为研究对象,进行生态沟渠拦截试验。于2016～2017年连续监测,系统研究狐尾藻、珍珠梅、海寿花等水生植物及组合对小流域农田排水中氮、磷的去除效果。结果表明:2年观测期（4～8月）内,拦截植物对农田排水总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮及总磷的去除率效应极显著（p <0. 01）,且去除率具有生长变化趋势。不同拦截植物及组合对总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮及总磷的去除率大小表现为狐尾藻+海寿花>海寿花>珍珠梅>狐尾藻>自然植被。其中,狐尾藻+海寿花组合平均总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮及总磷的去除率2016年分别为53. 57%、77. 35%、51. 74%和61. 06%,2017年分别为34. 67%、66. 53%、39. 51%和46. 05%。研究区生态沟渠对氮、磷污染物有较好的拦截效应,单种植物以海寿花的水体氮磷消纳效果较好,在此基础上混种狐尾藻,效果更佳。

语种： 中文

作者： 唐丽;谢勇;杨威;黄佳怡;黄卓江;...

期刊： 南方农业学报,2019年50(6):1204-1210 ISSN：2095-1191

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙,410128;[黄佳怡; 荣湘民; 谢勇; 黄卓江; 唐丽; 何石福; 杨威] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 玉米;稻草覆盖;厢边种植大豆;产量;养分利用;径流损失

摘要： 【目的】研究稻草覆盖或厢边种植大豆等农艺措施对玉米产量、氮磷钾养分利用和径流损失的影响,为探索旱地作物高产高效种植的有效农艺措施提供科学依据。【方法】采用田间小区试验,设不施肥且无农艺措施（CK）、施化肥但无农艺措施（CF）、施化肥+覆盖稻草（CF+R）、施化肥+厢边种植大豆（CF+S）和施化肥+稻草覆盖+厢边种植大豆（CF+R+S）5个处理,探讨稻草覆盖和厢边种植大豆对玉米产量、氮磷钾养分利用及径流损失的影响。【结果】与CF处理相比,CF+R和CF+R+S处理的玉米产量分别显著增加16.0%和23.2%（P<0.05,下同）,玉米生育期内总径流量分别显著减少18.5%和22.0%,地上部氮素和钾素累积量分别显著提高20.1%和25.6%、15.2%和20.1%,磷素累积量无显著变化（P>0.05,下同）,氮、磷、钾径流损失量显著减少33.6%和40.2%、38.0%和40.0%、38.8%和46.6%。CF+S处理对玉米增产和氮、钾肥料增效的影响不显著,未能有效拦截地表径流和减少氮钾养分的径流损失,但可显著减少17.7%的磷素养分损失。【结论】稻草覆盖或稻草覆盖结合厢边种植大豆的农艺措施能显著增加玉米产量,显著提高氮素和钾素利用率,并显著减少氮、磷和钾素径流损失。其中稻草覆盖结合厢边种植大豆农艺措施的增产效应、肥料利用效应和养分损失环境效应相对较佳,可在南方丘陵地区大田旱地作物种植中推广应用。

语种： 中文

作者： Wu, Zhimin;Yang, Lan;Jiang, Lihong;Zhang, Zhenhua;Song, Haixing;...

期刊： PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR,2019年14(12):1681114 ISSN：1559-2316

通讯作者： Han, Yongliang

作者机构： [Song, Haixing; Zhang, Zhenhua; Rong, Xiangmin; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Wu, Zhimin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Lihong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Han, Yongliang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Ethanol;nutrient accumulation;oilseed rape

摘要： With hydroponics culture, we monitored the response of the growth and nutrient accumulation of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to five ethanol concentrations: 0 mL•L−1 (control), 0.0125 mL•L−1, 0.025 mL•L−1, 0.05 mL•L−1, and 0.25 mL•L−1, respectively. The results showed that a high concentration of exogenous ethanol (0.25 mL•L−1) significantly inhibited oilseed rape growth by 52.28%. However, the biomass of oilseed rape with a low concentration of exogenous ethanol (0.0125–0.05 mL•L−1) manipulation was raised by 16.62–44.08%. A similar result was found on the total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of the oilseed rape. Results of micro-element determination showed that iron and zinc accumulation in oilseed rape was unchanged, while manganese and copper accumulation was increased first and then decreased with increasing ethanol concentration. This study provided a possibility for improving plant growth with low concentration ethanol application in oilseed rape planting. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

语种： 英文

作者： 文炯;田昌;李中希;杨勇;荣湘民

期刊： 湖南农业科学,2019年(05):25-29 ISSN：1006-060X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙 410128;岳阳市农业科学研究院,农业部岳阳农业环境科学观测实验站,湖南岳阳 414000;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙,410128;[李中希] 岳阳市农业科学研究院;[荣湘民; 文炯; 杨勇; 田昌] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 增效剂组配;水稻;氮素利用率;无机氮

摘要： 利用田间小区试验,研究多维肥精（ANO）、氢醌（HQ）和NAM组配对水稻产量、氮肥利用率和田面水中铵态氮、硝态氮浓度的影响。结果表明:处理F（ANO+HQ+NAM）的产量最高,达到5 735 kg/hm2,显著高于复混肥处理B（有肥对照）、C（ANO）、E（ANO+NAM）,较处理B的增产量和增产率分别为1 095 kg/hm2和23.60%,且氮素吸收利用率、氮素农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力均最高,分别为34.94%、15.61%和46.96%,较处理B分别提高了7.01、4.41和4.40个百分点;增施抑制剂（HQ、NAM）能明显降低田面水中无机氮浓度的峰值,均以处理F的田面水无机氮浓度较低。综合水稻产量、氮素利用率和田面水中无机氮浓度,认为组配ANO、HQ和NAM的处理效果最好。

语种： 中文

作者： 汤桂容;周旋;田昌;彭辉辉;张玉平;...

期刊： 土壤,2019年51(4):641-647 ISSN：0253-9829

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[彭辉辉; 汤桂容] 长沙环境保护职业技术学院;[周旋] 湖南省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所;[荣湘民; 张玉平; 田昌] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 有机无机氮肥配施;莴苣;氧化亚氮;排放特征

摘要： 采用静态箱-气相色谱法研究不同种类有机无机氮肥配合施用对盆栽莴苣土壤N_2O排放规律及排放量的影响。试验设置不施肥(CK)、不施氮肥(PK)、施纯化肥(NPK)、有机无机肥配施1(20%猪粪氮+80%化肥氮,NPKM1)、有机无机肥配施2(20%沼渣沼液氮+80%化肥氮,NPKM2)和有机无机肥配施3(20%猪粪堆肥氮+80%化肥氮,NPKM3)共6个处理。结果表明:莴苣生育期各处理施肥后土壤N_2O排放出现多个峰值,出峰时间和大小不一;累积排放量随着生育期的进程逐渐增加,处理间差异更为明显。莴苣生育期各处理土壤N_2O平均排放通量及累积排放量范围分别为0.10 ~ 0.25 mg/(m~2 h)和1.37 ~ 3.42 kg/hm~2,大小均表现为NPK>NPKM2>PK>NPKM 1 >NPKM3>CK。土壤N_2O排放系数范围为0.13% ~ 0.68%,大小表现为NPK>NPKM2>NPKM 1 >NPKM3。与NPK处理相比, NPKM1、NPKM2和NPKM3处理莴苣土壤N_2O累积排放量均分别降低48.08%、25.75%和48.30%,产量分别增加48.66%、22.13%和53.76%。总之,施用纯化肥会促进菜地土壤N_2O的排放,而不同种类有机无机氮肥配施能有效减少N_2O排放且提高作物产量,以猪粪类配施效果最佳。因此,有机无机配施是菜地N_2O减排、降低蔬菜种植中氮素损失的重要途径。

语种： 中文

作者： Xie, Yong;Tang, Li;Han, Yongliang;Yang, Lan;Xie, Guixian;...

期刊： Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2019年99(5):2259-2266 ISSN：0022-5142

通讯作者： Rong, Xiangmin;Zhang, Yuping

作者机构： [Xie, Guixian; Tang, Li; Rong, XM; Zhang, Yuping; Tian, Chang; Rong, Xiangmin; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jianwei; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Xie, Yong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, POB 410128,1 Nongda Rd, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Guixian; Tang, Li; Zhang, Yuping; Tian, Chang; Rong, Xiangmin; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jianwei; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Xie, Yong] Natl Engn Lab Soil & Fertilizer Resources Efficie, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Guixian; Tang, Li; Zhang, Yuping; Tian, Chang; Rong, Xiangmin; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jianwei; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Xie, Yong] Hunan Prov Key Lab Farmland Pollut Control & Agr, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuan] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Soil & Fertilizer Inst, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Rong, XM; Zhang, YP] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, POB 410128,1 Nongda Rd, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： PCU application;N rates;maize yield;N2O emission;NH3 emission

摘要： <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND</jats:title><jats:p>Urea is commonly over‐applied as a nitrogen (N) fertilizer to crops in southern China and has a low utilization efficiency as a result of the high precipitation and high temperatures in this region. This has led to a need to optimize the management of N fertilizer use in maize crops on the subtropical hilly uplands of southern China.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the effects of applying different amounts of N in the form of polymer‐coated urea (PCU) on the yield of maize and gaseous losses of N from soils in the form of NH<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O. The field plots used in this trial had zero‐added N (0 kg N ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), the addition of urea (240 kg N ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) and four levels of fertilization with PCU (1 PCU, 0.9 PCU, 0.8 PCU and 0.7 PCU), which represented a 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% reduction, respectively, in the application of PCU‐N relative to the urea plot. Compared to the urea plot, there was little variation in the yield of maize for all the PCU‐N treatments, with a significant improvement in the utilization efficiency of N (up to 46.0–51.2%) with a 0–30% reduction in the application of PCU‐N. Significant effects in the mitigation of the N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O emission flux and the accumulation of N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O‐N were observed in the 0.8 PCU and 0.7 PCU plots. The application of PCU‐N significantly reduced the flux and total amount of NH<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>‐N lost to the environment: as the application rate for N decreased by 0–30%, the NH<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> loss was significantly reduced by 12.7–36.1%.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION</jats:title><jats:p>The findings of the present study suggest that the use of PCU could allow a reduction in the application of N of 20–30% compared to traditional agricultural practices in this area with the same yield of maize, although with significantly decreased NH<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O losses and the increased utilization of N. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry</jats:p></jats:sec>

语种： 英文

作者： Li, Peipei;Zhi, Dan;Zhang, Xiaoxiao;Zhu, Hongmei*;Li, Zhiyong;...

期刊： Journal of Environmental Management,2019年250:109488 ISSN：0301-4797

通讯作者： Zhu, Hongmei;Zhou, Yaoyu

作者机构： [Zhi, Dan; Rong, Xiangmin; Zhou, Yaoyu; Zhu, Hongmei; He, Yangzhou; Li, Peipei; Li, Zhiyong; Luo, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Hunan Int Sci & Technol Cooperat Base Agr Typ Pol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Yutao] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Xiaoxiao] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Urban Water Resources & Environm, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, HM; Zhou, YY] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhu, HM; Zhou, YY] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Adsorption;Perfluoroalkyl acid;Perfluorochemicals;Removal

摘要： Perfluorinated substances are global and ubiquitous pollutants. The persistent organic pollution of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) have drawn attentions worldwide. In view of the current need for sustainable development, many researchers began to study the remediation techniques for PFCs. Due to its unique hydrophobic and oil-phobic characteristics, the requirements for the PFCs removal process are different, so that their remediation techniques are still under continuous exploration. Hence, this review summarized the removal behaviors of various PFCs on different materials which supply a good foundation for future investigations in this field. It is evident from previous literature that every remediation techniques for PFCs has its own advantages. Among various currently evaluated removal methods, adsorption seems to be one of the most commonly used and recognized techniques for PFCs pollution control. Other innovative and promising techniques, such as physical and/or chemical methods, have also been tested for their effectiveness in removing perfluorinated compounds. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

语种： 英文

作者： 汤桂容;周旋;田昌;彭辉辉;张玉平;...

期刊： 中国土壤与肥料,2019年2019(3):29-35 ISSN：1673-6257

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[彭辉辉] 长沙环境保护职业技术学院;[周旋] 湖南省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所;[荣湘民; 张玉平; 田昌; 汤桂容] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 有机无机氮肥配施;莴苣;二氧化碳排放;甲烷排放

摘要： 采用静态箱—气相色谱法研究不同种类有机无机肥料配合施用对盆栽莴苣土壤二氧化碳(CO_2)和甲烷(CH4)排放规律及排放量的影响。以等氮(N)用量为基准,磷(P)、钾(K)用量相应折算,分别以猪粪、沼渣沼液、猪粪堆肥与化肥进行配施,且各处理N、P、K总施用量一致。共设置6个处理:不施肥(CK);不施氮肥(PK);施纯化肥(NPK);有机无机肥配施1(20%猪粪N+80%化肥N,NPKM1);有机无机肥配施2(20%沼渣沼液N+80%化肥N,NPKM2);有机无机肥配施3(20%猪粪堆肥N+80%化肥N,NPKM3)。结果表明:莴苣全生育期内土壤CH4排放各处理呈现“源”、“汇”交替现象,各时间测点排放通量在每次施肥后均呈现升降波动趋势,直至总体趋于平稳;各阶段排放累积量随着生育期的变化,处理间差异逐渐明显。莴苣盆栽土壤CH4累积排放量为-5.90 ~ -0.42 kg·hm~(-2),大小表现为CK=PK>NPK>NPKM3> NPKM1>NPKM2。莴苣全生育期内土壤CO_2的各时间测点排放通量总体呈现上升趋势,受施肥影响略有波动;各阶段排放累积量随着生育期的增加,处理间差异更加明显。莴苣盆栽土壤CO_2累积排放量为1 506.37 ~ 2 260.58 kg·hm~(-2),大小表现为NPKM3>NPKM1>NPK>NPKM2>PK>CK。莴苣盆栽全球增温潜势为1.50 ~ 2.23 t CO_2eq·hm~(-2),大小表现为NPKM3>NPKM1>NPK>NPKM2>PK>CK。总体而言,不同有机无机肥料配施表现为菜地土壤的CH4汇,以沼渣沼液配施效果最佳,而猪粪类有机肥配施会导致菜地全球增温潜势升高,应合理搭配进行施用。

语种： 中文