籼粳杂交稻在靖州县试种示范表现
作者:
胡晓金;杨国凤;唐启源
期刊:
中国农技推广 ,2017年33(8):32-34 ISSN:1002-381X
作者机构:
湖南省靖州县农业局农技推广站 湖南 靖州 418400;湖南农业大学农学院 湖南 长沙 410128;[胡晓金; 杨国凤] 靖州县农业局;[唐启源] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
籼粳杂交稻;靖州县;示范表现;试种;生产示范;粮食结构;农民收入;水稻产量
摘要:
<正>为调整粮食结构,提高水稻产量和增加农民收入,靖州县在湖南省农委的支持下,2015年引进籼粳杂交稻品种甬优1540和甬优538在靖州县生产大田进行了试种,2016年又进行了千亩大田生产示范,亩产850 kg以上,取得了良好效果。1试种示范试种示范在靖州县甘棠镇乐群村水稻专业种植合作社社长姚争云的承包稻田进行,2015年试种籼粳杂交稻组合为甬优538和甬优1540;2016年千亩示范供试品种为甬优1540,均由浙江宁波市农科院
语种:
中文
展开
农科类本科生科研训练方法与实现途径的思考
作者:
雷东阳;旷浩源;张海清;唐启源
期刊:
教育教学论坛 ,2016年(24):231-232 ISSN:1674-9324
作者机构:
湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙,410128;湖南农业大学 教育学院,湖南 长沙,410128;[雷东阳; 唐启源; 张海清; 旷浩源] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
大学生;科研训练;农科类;实现途径
摘要:
科研训练对农科类大学生创新能力和创业能力的培养具有重要作用。在农科类专业的科研训练中存在现有人才培养计划难以保证科研训练质量、学生参与的积极性不高、评价机制不健全等问题。针对这些问题,提出创新农科类本科生人才培养方案,使科研训练融入大学四年的全过程;完善科研训练模式,构建产学研结合等合理的科研训练体系;健全评价体系,建立以过程评价为主的灵活评价方式。
语种:
中文
展开
不同地点对Ⅱ优838制种产量和种子活力的影响
作者:
王晓敏;崔婷;徐小健;李波;陈其敏;...
期刊:
杂交水稻 ,2016年31(5):28-30 ISSN:1005-3956
作者机构:
[王晓敏; 崔婷; 徐小健; 李波; 陈其敏; 唐启源; 邓化冰] 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
杂交水稻;Ⅱ优838;制种;产量;种子活力
摘要:
以Ⅱ优838(Ⅱ- 32A/R838)为供试组合,分别在湖南永安、绥宁和桂东进行多点联合制种试验,比较不同制种地点产量和种子活力的差异。结果表明:理论产量和实际产量均表现为桂东>绥宁>永安,并且均达到显著水平;有效穗数和结实率在制种地点间存在显著差异,均表现为桂东>绥宁>永安;每穗颖花数和千粒重在制种地点间差异不显著;绥宁和桂东制种的种子活力显著高于永安。因此,制种地点对杂交水稻制种产量和种子活力具有显著影响,绥宁和桂东更适合作为高产优质制种基地。
语种:
中文
展开
比重分级对杂交水稻种子发芽、出苗和产量的影响
作者:
崔婷;王晓敏;秦建权;邓化冰;唐启源
期刊:
杂交水稻 ,2015年30(2):80-83 ISSN:1005-3956
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙,410128;[邓化冰; 王晓敏; 崔婷; 唐启源; 秦建权] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
杂交水稻;种子分级;种子活力;发芽率;产量
摘要:
以杂交水稻品种陆两优996和两优培九的商品种子为试验材料,以盐水溶液将种子精选分级为比重<1.0(T1)、1.0~1.09(T2)、1.1~1.19(T3)、≥1.2(T4)等不同等级,以未精选的种子为对照(CK),研究比重分级对种子发芽出苗、秧苗素质及产量的影响.结果表明,种子精选分级后,处理T2、T3、T4种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、出苗率、成秧率均不同程度高于CK,T1处理则显著低于CK;与未分级的商品种子对照相比,T2、T3、T4处理均增产显著,增产的原因是单位面积有效穗数和每穗总粒数增加.
语种:
中文
展开
比重分级对杂交水稻种子发芽、出苗和产量的影响(英文)
作者:
崔婷;王晓敏;秦建权;邓化冰;唐启源
期刊:
农业科学与技术(英文版) ,2015年(10):2099-2103 ISSN:1009-4229
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙,410128;[Huabing DENG; Xiaomin WANG; Ting CUI; Qiyuan TANG; Jianquan QIN] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
杂交水稻;种子分级;种子活力;发芽率;产量
摘要:
以杂交水稻品种陆两优996、两优培九商品种子为试验材料,以盐水溶液将种子精选分级为比重<1.0(T1)、1.0-1.09(T2)、1.1-1.19(T3)、≥1.2(T4)不同组分,以未精选的种子(CK)为对照,研究了比重分级对种子发芽出苗、秧苗素质及产量等的影响。结果表明:种子精选分级后,处理 T2、T3、T4下水稻种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、出苗率、成秧率都均不同程度的高于 CK, T1处理则显著低于 CK;与未分级的商品种子对照相比, T2、T3、T4处理均增产显著,增产的原因是单位面积有效穗数或者每穗总粒数的增加。
语种:
中文
展开
影响杂交水稻制种母本异交结实率的因素
作者:
王晓敏;李波;徐小健;陈其敏;唐启源
期刊:
作物研究 ,2015年29(3):317-320 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[李波; 王晓敏; 徐小健; 唐启源; 陈其敏] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
杂交水稻;制种;异交结实率;影响因素
摘要:
母本异交结实率是制约杂交水稻制种产量潜力发挥的重要因素之一,如何提高杂交水稻制种母本异交结实率一直是研究的热点。在总结前人研究的基础上,探讨了制种父母本群体结构、父母本花期相遇程度、赤霉素的使用、辅助授粉等因素对母本异交结实率的影响,并指出了未来探寻杂交水稻制种母本异交结实率影响因素的研究方向。
语种:
中文
展开
多熟种植制度下水稻高光效栽培的策略
作者:
唐启源;邹应斌;雷恩;黄敏;陈佳娜
作者机构:
[唐启源; 邹应斌; 雷恩; 黄敏; 陈佳娜] 湖南农业大学农学院
会议名称:
作物多熟种植与国家粮油安全高峰论坛
会议时间:
2015-10-15
会议地点:
长沙
会议论文集名称:
作物多熟种植与国家粮油安全高峰论坛论文集
关键词:
多熟制;水稻;高光合效率;作物辐射利用率(RUE)
摘要:
本文阐述了水稻高光效栽培的概念与多熟制水稻高光效栽培的内涵,提出了种植制度高光效、栽培季节高光效、栽培方式高光效等多熟种植制度下水稻高光效栽培的途径,并进行了具体的实例分析。
语种:
中文
展开
Effect of extreme temperatures at different stages during grain filling on rice seed weight and germination and its regulations
作者:
Bashari Bashari Ibrahim;Qiyuan Tang;Ting Cui;Xiaomin Wang;Amaglo Newton K.
期刊:
Research on Crops ,2015年16(3):365-377 ISSN:0972-3226
通讯作者:
Qiyuan, T.
作者机构:
College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410 128, China;Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Sudan;College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha City, China
通讯机构:
College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词:
Abscisic acid;extreme temperatures;rice (Oryza sativa L.);salicylic acid.
摘要:
A series of studies were carried out in chamber room to investigate the injury mechanism under extreme temperature and at different grain filling stages with foliar application of plant growth regulators (Abscisic acid-ABA and salicylic acid-SA) on the rice cultivar Huanghuazhan. Grain filling rate and grain weight were measured as yield components, while seed germination rate, germination index and seed vigour index were measured as seed quality indices. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and active oxygen resistance activity were also analyzed. The results showed that the rate of grain filling and grain weight were significantly reduced under the extreme temperature conditions and at higher concentrations of the plant growth regulators. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased and decreased among treatments, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly high. Maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm) and the potential photochemical efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fo) also decreased under high temperature stress, whilst it increased and decreased under low temperature stress among treatments.
语种:
英文
展开
Quantifying atmospheric nitrogen deposition through a nationwide monitoring network across China
作者:
Xu, W.;Luo, X. S.;Pan, Y. P.;Zhang, L.;Tang, A. H.;...
期刊:
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS ,2015年15(21):12345-12360 ISSN:1680-7316
通讯作者:
Liu, X. J.
作者机构:
[Wu, Q. H.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Liu, X. J.; Xu, W.; Tang, A. H.; Li, Q. Q.; Yang, D. W.; Xue, J.; Luo, X. S.; Zhang, F. S.] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Luo, X. S.] Henan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Nutr Resources & Environm Sci, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Y. P.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, L.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.;[Shen, J. L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 4410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Liu, X. J.] C;China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
摘要:
A Nationwide Nitrogen Deposition Monitoring Network (NNDMN) containing 43 monitoring sites was established in China to measure gaseous NH3, NO2, and HNO3 and particulate NH4+ and NO3- in air and/or precipitation from 2010 to 2014. Wet/bulk deposition fluxes of Nr species were collected by precipitation gauge method and measured by continuous-flow analyzer; dry deposition fluxes were estimated using airborne concentration measurements and inferential models. Our observations reveal large spatial variations of atmospheric Nr concentrations and dry and wet/bulk Nr deposition. On a national basis, the annual average concentrations (1.3-47.0 μg N m-3) and dry plus wet/bulk deposition fluxes (2.9-83.3 kg N ha-1 yr-1) of inorganic Nr species are ranked by land use as urban > rural > background sites and by regions as north China > southeast China > southwest China > northeast China > northwest China > Tibetan Plateau, reflecting the impact of anthropogenic Nr emission. Average dry and wet/bulk N deposition fluxes were 20.6 ± 11.2 (mean ± standard deviation) and 19.3 ± 9.2 kg N ha-1 yr-1 across China, with reduced N deposition dominating both dry and wet/bulk deposition. Our results suggest atmospheric dry N deposition is equally important to wet/bulk N deposition at the national scale. Therefore, both deposition forms should be included when considering the impacts of N deposition on environment and ecosystem health. © Author(s) 2015.
语种:
英文
展开
Exploiting Co-Benefits of Increased Rice Production and Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emission through Optimized Crop and Soil Management
作者:
An, Ning;Fan, Mingsheng* ;Zhang, Fusuo;Christie, Peter;Yang, Jianchang;...
期刊:
PLOS ONE ,2015年10(10):e0140023 ISSN:1932-6203
通讯作者:
Fan, Mingsheng
作者机构:
[An, Ning; Jiang, Rongfeng; Fan, Mingsheng; Zhang, Fusuo; Christie, Peter] China Agr Univ, Ctr Resources Environm & Food Secur, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jianchang] Yangzhou Univ, Key Lab Crop Genet & Physiol Jiangsu Prov, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Jianliang] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Shiwei] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Shi, Xiaojun] Southwest Univ, Resource & Environm Coll, Chongqing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Fan, Mingsheng] C;China Agr Univ, Ctr Resources Environm & Food Secur, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Rice;Agricultural soil science;Agricultural production;Fertilizers;Cereal crops;Crops;Greenhouse gases;Crop management
摘要:
Meeting the future food security challenge without further sacrificing environmental integrity requires transformative changes in managing the key biophysical determinants of increasing agronomic productivity and reducing the environmental footprint. Here, we focus on Chinese rice production and quantitatively address this concern by conducting 403 on-farm trials across diverse rice farming systems. Inherent soil productivity, management practices and rice farming type resulted in confounded and interactive effects on yield, yield gaps and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (N2O, CH4 and CO2-equivalent) with both trade-offs and compensating effects. Advances in nitrogen, water and crop management (Best Management Practices-BMPs) helped closing existing yield gaps and resulted in a substantial reduction in CO2-equivalent emission of rice farming despite a tradeoff of increase N2O emission. However, inherent soil properties limited rice yields to a larger extent than previously known. Cultivating inherently better soil also led to lower GHG intensity (GHG emissions per unit yield). Neither adopting BMPs only nor improving soils with low or moderate productivity alone can adequately address the challenge of substantially increasing rice production while reducing the environmental footprint. A combination of both represents the most efficient strategy to harness the combined-benefits of enhanced production and mitigating climate change. Extrapolating from our farm data, this strategy could increase rice production in China by 18%, which would meet the demand for direct human consumption of rice by 2030. It would also reduce fertilizer nitrogen consumption by 22% and decrease CO2-equivalent emissions during the rice growing period by 7% compared with current farming practice continues. Benefits vary by rice-based cropping systems. Single rice systems have the largest food provision benefits due to its wider yield gap and total cultivated area, whereas double-rice system (especially late rice) contributes primarily to reducing GHG emissions. The study therefore provides farm-based evidence for feasible, practical approaches towards achieving realistic food security and environmental quality targets at a national scale.
语种:
英文
展开
水稻幼穗形态发生与维管束生长变化的研究
作者:
付娟;李霞;丁君辉;唐启源;王若仲
期刊:
江西农业学报 ,2015年(8):25-29+35 ISSN:1001-8581
作者机构:
湖南农业大学 生物科学技术学院 植物激素与生长发育湖南省重点实验室,湖南 长沙,410128;湖南农业大学 农学院,湖南 长沙,410128;[王若仲; 唐启源; 付娟; 李霞; 丁君辉] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;生长锥;幼穗;维管束;形态
摘要:
通过体视显微镜及石蜡切片观察,研究了水稻幼穗分化过程中生长锥的形态以及维管束的生长变化。结果表明:水稻生长锥在幼穗分化第一期出现苞原基的分化,在第二期出现枝梗原基的分化,在第三期可见明显白色苞毛和颖花的发育,在第四期枝梗和颖花原基显著生长;在小穗发育过程中先后在枝梗末端分化出护颖原基、内外颖原基和雌雄蕊原基,在第四期花药中可见次级造孢细胞。发现在幼穗分化过程中幼穗主轴的维管束数目往上递减,穗茎节部位的大维管束能通过分离和合并来调节生长;在穗茎节出现的一种纤维状组织能够限制维管束的生长。
语种:
中文
展开
浅谈农科类大学本科生科研创新能力培养
作者:
张桂莲;张海清;唐启源
期刊:
科技创新导报 ,2014年(34):247-248 ISSN:1674-098X
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院 湖南长沙 410128;[唐启源; 张海清; 张桂莲] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
农科类本科生;科研创新能力;培养途径;有效机制
摘要:
科研创新能力是衡量本科生综合素质的核心要素,农科作为高等农业院校的优势和特色学科,是一门实践性、综合性很强的学科,在教学中如何激发农科类本科生的科研意识,培养学生的科研能力、创新能力已经成为高等农业院校教育改革的一个重要目标。本文分析了农科类本科生科研创新能力培养中存在的问题,就如何加强农科类本科生科研创新能力的培养提出了几点意见,并从管理机制、激励机制和学术氛围方面提出要建立有益于农科类本科生科研创新能力培养的有效机制。
语种:
中文
展开
创新型人才培养模式下种子科学与工程专业实践教学新体系的构建
作者:
张桂莲;张海清;唐启源
期刊:
课程教育研究 ,2014年(33):92-93 ISSN:2095-3089
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院 湖南 长沙 410128;[唐启源; 张海清; 张桂莲] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
种子科学与工程专业;实践教学体系;构建
摘要:
针对当前实践教学体系存在的问题,根据种子科学与工程专业培养目标和实践性教学环节的要求,结合人才培养方案修订和专业综合改革,在实践教学中构建了“两平台六模块”的实践教学新体系,全面培养学生的创新创业能力与实践能力,提高学生的综合素质。
语种:
中文
展开
早籼早粳稻在湖南的生态适应性研究
作者:
蒋敏明;唐云鹏;张卫星;崔婷;何洋;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2014年(2):137-140 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;中国水稻研究所,杭州,310006;[何洋; 崔婷; 蒋敏明; 唐云鹏; 唐启源; 任西明; 谭文清] 湖南农业大学;[张卫星] 中国农业科学院中国水稻研究所
关键词:
早稻;生态适应性;产量
摘要:
为观察早籼与早粳稻品种在湖南的生态适应性,2013年早季在湖南浏阳市永安镇进行了比较研究。结果表明,试验品种产量在5.37~8.25 t/hm2之间,中早39产量最高,达8.25 t/hm2,产量最低的是龙粳21,为5.37 t/hm2;品种全生育期在107~113 d之间,均在7月16日之前成熟。可见试验品种均能在湖南长沙地区做早稻栽培,籼稻品种比粳稻品种产量高,早籼稻更适合在湖南地区作早稻栽培。
语种:
中文
展开
速生晚粳稻产量形成特点与稻米品质及生育期变化规律研究
作者:
黄光福;蒋敏明;张卫星;王春丽;李迪秦;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2014年(1):7-14 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;中国水稻研究所,浙江杭州,310006;云南农业大学农学院,昆明,650201;[李迪秦; 黄光福; 蒋敏明; 唐启源] 湖南农业大学;[张卫星] 中国农业科学院中国水稻研究所
关键词:
晚稻;引种;播种期;救灾
摘要:
为了探讨洪涝灾害后晚稻救灾品种的生态适应性,从东北引进8个不同熟期粳稻品种在湖南开展了播种期试验。结果表明:(1)在湖南能正常成熟的东北粳稻品种,全生育期与原产地相比缩短了15~45 d,产量在1.43~9.61 t/hm2,其中7月上旬播种的品种,平均产量为7.51 t/hm2,生育期较短,成熟期干物质积累量大,均能安全齐穗。(2)3个播期能正常成熟的品种表现因类型而异,晚熟品种整体表现优于特早熟早粳、早熟早粳和中早熟早粳,主要是产量较高,稻米品质较优。从应急性避灾救灾和改善湖南稻米品质状况来看,可以利用东北晚熟粳稻品种作为湖南晚稻品种栽培,但是其播种期不宜太晚,最适宜播期为7月上旬。
语种:
中文
展开
种子活力保持与提高技术研究进展
作者:
崔婷;唐启源
期刊:
作物研究 ,2014年(4):435-439,446 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[崔婷; 唐启源] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
种子;种子活力;采前采后处理;贮藏;播前处理
摘要:
介绍了种子活力及其影响因素,综述了保持和提高种子活力的采前采后处理、贮藏管理、播前处理等技术措施,并展望了种子活力研究方向。
语种:
中文
展开
杂交水稻机械化制种辅助授粉技术研究现状与设想
作者:
吴辉;熊朝;刘爱民;肖层林;唐启源
期刊:
作物研究 ,2014年(3):321-323,327 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[刘爱民] 湖南隆平种业有限公司;[吴辉; 唐启源; 熊朝; 肖层林] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
杂交水稻;机械化制种;辅助授粉
摘要:
介绍了国内外杂交水稻制种辅助授粉技术和机械化授粉技术研究现状,概述了杂交水稻制种人工辅助授粉的几种方法及其不足之处。结合我国航空植保无人直升机发展现状,提出了利用小型农用无人直升机辅助制种授粉实现全程机械化制种的设想和研究思路。
语种:
中文
展开
不同栽培模式下晚稻齐穗后的光合性能及其与产量的关系
作者:
赵丽萍;刘红梅;黄光福;蒋敏明;谭文清;...
期刊:
作物研究 ,2014年(2):126-131 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[黄光福; 蒋敏明; 赵丽萍; 唐启源; 谭文清; 刘红梅] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
水稻;栽培模式;光合作用;叶绿素;荧光;产量
摘要:
通过栽培技术的集成设置了5种栽培模式(T1氮空白、T2当地常规、T3高产高效、T4超高产、T5高效超高产),采用随机区组试验设计,探索不同栽培模式下水稻齐穗后的光合性能(叶绿素含量、光合速率、叶绿素荧光)及其与产量的关系。结果表明:在齐穗后的20 d内,T2的叶绿素含量较T3、T4和T5含量高,而后其叶绿素含量较T3、T4和T5低;叶绿素荧光指标Y(NPQ)在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高26.1%,60%,18%,在齐穗后30 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高25.5%,32.3%,32.0%,非调节性能量耗散的量子产额在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2低5.6%,13.3%,0.9%,在齐穗后30 d ,T3,T4,T5分别比T2低5.1%,16.6%,0.8%;非光化学淬灭系数在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高34.9%,87.9%,21.1%,在齐穗后10 d,T3,T4,T5分别比T2高38.0%,57.8%,34.8%;T3、T4和T5的产量分别比当地常规模式T2提高8.3%、14.6%和25.8%,并且T4和T5在5%和1%显著水平上都与T2差异显著。说明通过栽培技术的集成,可提高齐穗后叶片的光合性能,从而提高产量。
语种:
中文
展开
杂交水稻新组合品比试验简报
作者:
唐云鹏;黄光福;蒋敏明;唐启源;高用明
期刊:
作物研究 ,2013年27(2):117-120 ISSN:1001-5280
作者机构:
湖南农业大学农学院;[高用明; 唐启源] 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所;[黄光福; 蒋敏明; 唐云鹏] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
杂交水稻;品种比较;生育期;产量
摘要:
2012年在浏阳市永安镇将11个新培育的杂交水稻组合作一季中稻和双季晚稻栽培,比较其产量表现、产量构成因素、生育期等综合性状.试验结果表明:大部分参试品种产量表现高于对照,其中荃9311A/RC6株型适中、穗大粒多,综合性状表现优于其他参试品种和对照品种.
语种:
中文
展开
Integrated nutrient, water and other agronomic options to enhance rice grain yield and N use efficiency in double-season rice crop
作者:
Qin, Jianquan;Impa, S. M.;Tang, Qiyuan* ;Yang, Shenghai;Yang, Jian;...
期刊:
Field Crops Research ,2013年148:15-23 ISSN:0378-4290
通讯作者:
Tang, Qiyuan
作者机构:
[Qin, Jianquan; Yang, Jian; Tang, Qiyuan; Tao, Yousheng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jagadish, Krishna S. V.; Qin, Jianquan; Impa, S. M.] Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, Manila, Philippines.;[Yang, Shenghai] Extens Stn Qiandongnan State Agron Technol, Kaili 556000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Tang, Qiyuan] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Agronomic management;Grain yield;Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency;Nitrogen partitioning;Radiation use efficiency;Super rice hybrid
摘要:
Optimizing resource use options to achieve high NUE and grain yield.Large sink size in super rice hybrids disadvantage under short grain-filling duration.Post-flowering wetting and drying enhanced N and assimilate partitioning into grains."Climatic yield potential" over "actual attained yield" a realistic estimate. Options to increase resource use efficiency and climatic yield potential of locally adapted super rice hybrids including combined water, nutrient and other agronomic management are limited. Hence, the aim of our three-year (six seasons) experiments during early-season (ESR; Luliangyou996) and late-season (LSR; C-liangyou396) rice in southern China was to identify key yield parameters and optimum resource use options to enhance the crop's climatic yield potential. Grain yield averaged across all three years with effective N management combined with post-anthesis shallow wetting and drying was 32.8% and 37.1% higher than the normal farmers' practice in Liuyang County in ESR and LSR, respectively. More spikeletsm-2 were the key to achieving high yield potential, further supported by increased leaf area index and high radiation interception and internal use efficiency. The split application of nitrogen in combination with shallow wetting and drying allowed for better N uptake, use efficiency and partitioning, leading to enhanced biomass and yield. The high yield potential, however, was not just a function of genetics and management but also depended on the climatic conditions prevailing, particularly temperature and radiation. In ESR, lower temperature during vegetative stage reduced overall biomass and sink size while subsequent higher temperature reduced the total grain filling period by 17 days compared with LSR, indicating a climatic condition-driven decline in yield potential rather than lower genetic potential of the super hybrids. A lack of correlation of spikeletspanicle-1 and spikeletsm-2 with grain-filling percentage in LSR provided evidence that a larger sink does not necessarily result in poor grain filling when sufficient time and assimilates for grain filling are provided, which is more climate dependent. Our work highlights the benefits of integrating nutrient, water and agronomic management options to achieve high NUE and grain yield. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
展开