Agronomic performance of late-season rice in South China
作者：
Huang, Min* ;Shan, Shuanglu;Zhou, Xuefeng;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;...
期刊：
Plant Production Science ,2018年21(1):32-38 ISSN：1343-943X
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Shan, Shuanglu; Zou, Yingbin; Jiang, Ligeng; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Ligeng] Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Biomass production;grain yield;radiation use efficiency;rice;yield components
摘要：
Improving rice yields is critical for global food security. China is a major rice-producing country having two rice cropping systems, i.e. single-season rice cropping system and a double-season system with both early- and late-season rice. There have been reports on the sink-source traits contributing to high grain yield for single- and early-season rice, but such information is limited for late-season rice. In this study, field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China in the late rice-growing season. Grain yield and sink-source traits were compared among five cultivars (Guiliangyou 2, Teyou 838, Y-liangyou 087, Teyou 582, and Yuxiangyouzhan) in 2012 and then three cultivars (Guiliangyou 2, Teyou 838, and Y-liangyou 087) in 2013. Y-liangyou 087 produced 6–26% higher grain yield than did the other cultivars. This higher grain yield was driven by improvements in sink-source capacity. Sink capacity was 8–31% higher in Y-liangyou 087 than in the other cultivars. Well-balanced relations between spikelets m−2 and grain weight was responsible for the higher sink capacity in Y-liangyou 087. The result was that Y-liangyou 087 produced 11–17% greater biomass (source capacity) than did the other cultivars. The greater source capacity in Y-liangyou 087 was mainly attributed to higher radiation use efficiency (RUE). Our study suggests that enhancing sink capacity through balanced relations between number of spikelets per unit land area and grain size, while improving source capacity through increasing RUE is a feasible way to achieve higher grain yield of late-season rice in South China. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
语种：
英文
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不同耕作方式稻田土壤细菌的多样性
作者：
陈力力;刘金;李梦丹;杨伊磊;邹应斌;...
期刊：
微生物学杂志 ,2018年38(4):62-70 ISSN：1005-7021
作者机构：
南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128;湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128;食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128;[陈力力; 刘金] 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128 湖南农业大学, 湖南, 长沙, 410128 食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室, 食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[李梦丹; 杨伊磊] 湖南农业大学, 湖南, 长沙, 410128 食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室, 食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词：
翻耕(CT);免耕(NT);物种多样性;群落结构
摘要：
对水稻-油菜双序列复种免耕（NT）、翻耕（CT）稻田土壤细菌多样性进行研究。采用平板计数法计数可培养细菌及放线菌数量,Miseq测序分析物种多样性及群落结构。结果表明,分别把3个样点的NT、CT耕作方式土样细菌、放线菌菌落总数之和作为NT、CT可培养细菌数量进行比较,NT可培养菌落总数比CT高10%;土壤未培养样品中共获得224 563条有效序列,其中NT 114 433条、CT 110 220条;指数分析表明CT相对丰度略低于NT、群落多样性略低于NT;样本中的细菌种类覆盖35个门、269个科、373个属。尽管从不同分类水平上,CT、NT样本物种相对丰度没有显著性差异,但NT中细菌门最大的变形菌门和有待深入研究的酸杆菌门物种的序列多于CT,厌氧绳菌科、未分类的硝化螺旋菌科和亚硝化单胞菌科序列多于CT,另外,未知和未培养的科、属水平上物种多于CT,根据物种特性,认为它们可能对固氮、降解纤维素等改变土壤理化特性,维持免耕土壤肥力起着重要的作用。
语种：
中文
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No-tillage increases nitrogen scavenging by fallow weeds in a double-season rice cropping system in China
作者：
Huang, Min* ;Jiang, Peng;Zhou, Xuefeng;Zou, Yingbin
期刊：
Weed Biology and Management ,2018年18(3):105-109 ISSN：1444-6162
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Zou, Yingbin; Jiang, Peng; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Sothern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil CI, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Peng] Sichuan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Rice & Sorghum, Luzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Sothern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil CI, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Japanese foxtail;fallow season;rice field;soil tillage;weed N uptake
摘要：
Naturally occurring fallow weeds are an alternative strategy for reducing nitrogen (N) loss from annual cropping systems by scavenging inorganic N from the soil. Soil tillage is a major factor affecting the growth of weed populations. This study was carried out to determine the effect of a no-tillage (NT) system on the N scavenging capacity of fallow weeds in a double-season rice cropping system. A fixed field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Province, China, from 2008 to 2011. The results indicated that NT had 80% greater aboveground biomass of fallow weeds than conventional tillage (CT). There was no significant difference in N concentration in fallow weeds between NT and CT. N uptake by fallow weeds was 82% higher under NT than under CT. The stem density of fallow weeds was 50% higher under NT than under CT. The difference in the single-stem biomass of fallow weeds was not significant between NT and CT. These results suggest that the N scavenging capacity of fallow weeds in the double-rice cropping system can be increased by increasing the stem density and aboveground biomass through the adoption of NT farming. Our study identifies a potential new ecosystem service provided by NT farming.
语种：
英文
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水稻田间育秧泥浆机
发明/设计人：
刘大为;王修善;李旭;谢方平;黄敏;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201820944625.7
申请时间：
2018-06-19
公开号：
CN208574702U
公开时间：
2019-03-05
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号
摘要：
水稻田间育秧泥浆机，机架上部一侧设置有振动筛分装置，机架上部另一侧设置有泥浆搅拌输送装置，泥浆收集箱设置在振动筛分装置下方的机架上，杂质收集箱设置在振动筛分装置的出料端；进料斗设置在泥浆搅拌输送装置上方，泥浆搅拌输送装置一侧设置有变速传动箱盖，水泵与变速传动装置设置在变速传动挡板下方的机架上，水泵进水端与储水箱连接，水泵出水端与设置在泥浆搅拌输送装置上的一级喷水管连接；通过在泥浆搅拌输送装置设置双碎土输送主轴反向转动将土块进行切碎挤压成小颗粒，小颗粒在输送螺旋驱动与水混合为泥浆，泥浆流入横向槽体和振动筛体上下抖动后实现筛分，筛分效果显著，有效降低劳动强度，提高生产率。
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水稻田间育秧泥浆筛分方法
发明/设计人：
刘大为;王修善;李旭;谢方平;黄敏;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201810629971.0
申请时间：
2018-06-19
公开号：
CN108901757A
公开时间：
2018-11-30
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号
摘要：
水稻田间育秧泥浆筛分方法，采用水稻田间育秧泥浆筛分机筛分，土块首先由水稻田间育秧泥浆筛分机的进料斗进入泥浆搅拌输送装置内的粉碎区域，搅拌第一轴与搅拌第二轴旋转带动碎土杆将土块打碎搅拌形成小颗粒，小颗粒在输送螺旋的带动下进入螺旋推进区域，小颗粒与水混合形成泥浆，泥浆经搅拌出料导板流入振动筛体，在经过振动横向槽体和振动筛体上下抖动后，粒径小于振动筛孔的泥浆落入泥浆收集箱内，进而获得育秧所需的泥浆，而留在振动筛体上的杂质等，随着振动筛体的运动逐渐向前运动，落入杂质收集箱内；筛分效果显著，有效降低劳动强度，提高生产率。
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推进杂交水稻商品化育秧的思考
作者：
邹应斌;黄敏;周清明
期刊：
作物研究 ,2018年32(05):429-430+436 ISSN：1001-5280
作者机构：
[黄敏; 邹应斌; 周清明] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
杂交水稻;育秧;商品化
摘要：
从保障国家粮食安全和提升水稻生产能力两方面分析了杂交水稻商品化育秧的必要性,从成本及适用性方面总结了水稻商品化育秧的可行性。
语种：
中文
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转型期作物生产发展的机遇与挑战
作者：
邹应斌;黄敏
期刊：
作物学报 ,2018年44(6):791-795 ISSN：0496-3490
通讯作者：
Zou, Y.-B.
作者机构：
[邹应斌; 黄敏] Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops / Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Zou, Y.-B.] S;Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops / Hunan Agricultural UniversityChina
关键词：
作物生产;种植方式;生育期;种子用量;杂种优势;密植;种子质量
摘要：
中国作物生产正处于由传统手工劳动为主的小规模生产向机械化、集约化、信息化程度高的适度规模化生产过渡的转型期。在此期间,作物生产发展的重要目标是实现单位耕地生产率与人均劳动生产率的同步提高。近年来,中国作物生产能力的稳步提高、生产方式的重大转变以及工业经济的迅速发展为转型期作物生产发展创造了新的机遇,但同时也带来了新的挑战,涉及多熟制作物生育期缩短、大田生产用种量增加和杂种优势利用价值下降等方面。针对上述挑战,笔者从发展密植高光效栽培、提高杂交作物种子质量以及加强育种与栽培协同攻关等方面展望了转型期作物生产的研究方向。
语种：
中文
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生物炭施用对水稻育秧土理化特性和秧苗素质的影响
作者：
范龙;吴啸鹏;黄敏;江立庚;邹应斌
期刊：
华南农业大学学报 ,2018年39(1):40-44 ISSN：1001-411X
作者机构：
[范龙; 吴啸鹏; 黄敏; 邹应斌; 江立庚] 湖南农业大学;[江立庚] 广西大学作物栽培学与耕作学重点实验室
关键词：
生物炭;水稻;育秧土;理化特性;秧苗素质
摘要：
【目的】明确生物炭在水稻育秧中的应用潜力。【方法】以木薯秸秆炭为材料,在不同播期条件下研究生物炭施用(φ为25%)对水稻育秧土理化特性、秧苗根系及地上部性状的影响。【结果】与对照相比,木薯生物炭施用改善了育秧土理化特性,木薯生物炭施用使育秧土容重降低了0.66 g·cm~(–3),pH及有机质和碱解氮质量浓度分别增加了0.51、50 mg·cm~(–3)和195 μg·cm~(–3),木薯生物炭施用促使水稻秧苗的根长、根系表面积、根体积、根系生物量和发根力分别提高了32.4%、30.1%、50.0%、13.7%和21.5%,秧苗叶面积、株高、茎基宽和地上部生物量分别提高了19.2%、8.0%、5.3%和10.2%。生物炭对水稻秧苗性状的影响在不同播期间存在一定差异,温度相对较低的播期生物炭对秧苗性状的影响达到显著水平。【结论】木薯生物炭提高了秧苗素质,在温度较低条件下,木薯生物炭更易培育壮秧,可作为水稻育秧基质的良好添加物。
语种：
中文
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施用生物炭对水稻生长生理特性及产量的影响
作者：
田阿林;雷涛;邹应斌;黄敏
期刊：
中国稻米 ,2018年24(3):25-29 ISSN：1006-8082
作者机构：
湖南农业大学教育学院,长沙,410128;湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[田阿林; 黄敏; 邹应斌; 雷涛] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
生物炭;水稻;生长;生理特性;产量
摘要：
生物炭施入土壤封存碳的同时,还可以改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤肥力、促进作物生长发育,从而提高作物产量与品质。本文从生物炭施用的方式与方法、生物炭施用对水稻生长生理特性的影响、生物炭对水稻养分吸收的作用等方面对国内外研究动态进行分析,并展望了我国生物炭对作物生理生态影响的研究方向。
语种：
中文
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Earthworm responses to cropping rotation with oilseed rape in no-tillage rice fields and the effects of earthworm casts on human-essential amino acid content in rice grains
作者：
Huang, Min* ;Zhao, Chunrong;Zhou, Xuefeng;Chen, Guanghui;Zou, Yingbin;...
期刊：
Applied Soil Ecology ,2018年127:58-63 ISSN：0929-1393
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min; Chen, Guanghui; Zhao, Chunrong] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Uphoff, Norman; Huang, Min] Cornell Univ, IP CALS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Crop rotation;Earthworm;Earthworm casts;Human-essential amino acids;Oilseed rape;Rice quality
摘要：
The rice-oilseed rape rotation is a major rice-based cropping system in the Yangtze River basin in China, and no-tillage technology has been successfully adopted in this system. The main objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the response of earthworm density to rotation with oilseed rape in no-tillage rice fields; and (2) the effects of earthworm casts produced during the oilseed rape-growing season on the content of human-essential amino acids in resulting rice grains. An on-farm study was conducted from 2015 to 2017 to compare earthworm density in no-tillage fields where rice was rotated with oilseed rape and with a fallow period. A micro-plot experiment was also carried out to compare the grain content of human-essential amino acids in rice with and without the addition of earthworm casts (produced during the oilseed rape-growing season) under three nitrogen fertilizer rates. We observed that medians of earthworm number per m2 were 68–154% higher in the fields rotated with oilseed rape than in the fallow fields. The contents of human-essential amino acids detected in rice grains were generally increased by the addition of earthworm casts, and there were significant increases (8–13%) for phenylalanine, threonine and valine. Our study suggests that earthworms can be increased by rotation with oilseed rape in no-tillage rice fields, and that their casts can increase the contents of human-essential amino acids in rice grains. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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一种防病防虫抗寒水稻种衣剂
发明/设计人：
熊海蓉;文祝友;黄敏;熊远福;邹应斌;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201810467799.3
申请时间：
2018-05-16
公开号：
CN108552231A
公开时间：
2018-09-21
摘要：
本发明涉及一种防病防虫抗寒水稻种衣剂,由杀菌剂咪鲜胺、杀虫剂噻虫嗪、抗寒成分小茴香果提取物、生长调节剂吲哚乙酸钠、微量元素肥料氧化锌等活性成分,与成膜剂羧甲基壳聚糖、色料、助剂等非活性成分,经粉碎、混合配制而成。本发明包衣药种质量比为1:200～260。对苗期恶苗病、胡麻叶斑病、稻瘟病以及绵腐病的防效达80%~96%,对苗期稻飞虱、稻蓟马、稻象甲防效达82%~93%。本发明能明显提高秧苗体内抗逆性物质游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖的含量,提高秧苗体内抗逆性酶POX、CAT、SOD的活性,成秧率提高10%～21%,增产8%～15%。本发明生产简便、成本低廉、防病防虫抗寒效果明显,具有良好的经济效益、社会效益及生态效益。
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利用水肥载体构建秧床的机插水稻无盘育秧方法
发明/设计人：
陈佳娜;邹应斌;郑华斌;施婉菊;黄敏
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201810494708.5
申请时间：
2018-5-22
公开号：
CN108668811A
公开时间：
2018-10-19
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号
摘要：
本发明涉及一种利用水肥载体构建秧床的机插水稻育秧方法，包括以下步骤：1)育秧场地选择；2)水肥载体构建；3)秧床铺设；4)播种及后期管理。本发明的优点在于：1)利用粒状、条状或块状的水肥载体实现水稻育秧过程中调节秧床的含水量，实现秧床水量充足时控水保水、不足时及时供水；2)可自由选择育秧场地、育秧方式，克服传统育秧方式，包括机插育秧对育秧地点、秧床操作标准的限制；3)利用水肥载体实现了水肥同步供给水稻秧苗，结合疏松、透气的盘根层，有利于秧苗快速盘根。
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Improving nitrogen management for zero-tillage rice in China
作者：
Huang, Min* ;Zhou, Xuefeng;Zou, Yingbin
期刊：
作物学报(英文版) ,2018年6(4):406-412 ISSN：2095-5421
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Zhou, Xuefeng; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Grain yield;N management;N-use efficiency;Rice;Zero-tillage
摘要：
Zero-tillage has become increasingly attractive in rice production in China. This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of two possible improved N management practices with fewer N applications in zero-tillage rice: (1) two split applications of urea at 75 kg N ha−1 at mid-tillering and 45 kg N ha−1 at panicle initiation (U120–2), and (2) a single application of cross-linked polyacrylamide-coated urea (a slow-release fertilizer) at mid-tillering at a rate of 150 kg N ha−1 (PCU150–1). Three field experiments were conducted to compare grain yield and N-use efficiency among several N treatments: a zero-N control (CK), U120–2, PCU150–1, a single application of urea at mid-tillering at a rate of 150 kg N ha−1 (U150–1), and a commonly recommended N management practice for conventional tillage rice (three split applications of urea with 75 kg N ha−1 as basal, 30 kg N ha−1 at mid-tillering, and 45 kg N ha−1 at panicle initiation) (U150–3). Treatments with N application (U120–2, PCU150–1, U150–1, and U150–3) produced 1.08–3.16 t ha−1 higher grain yields than CK. Grain yields under both U120–2 and PCU150–1 were comparable to that in U150–3. Recovery efficiency of N (REN), agronomic N-use efficiency (AEN) and partial factor productivity of applied N (PFPN) were increased under U120–2 and were similar under PCU150–1 to those under U150–3. U150–1 showed lower grain yield, REN, AEN, and PFPN than U150–3. These results suggest that U150–3 can be replaced with U120–2 to achieve both an increase in N-use efficiency and a reduction in number of N applications and or by PCU150–1 to achieve a maximum reduction in number of N applications in zero-tillage rice production in China. © 2018
语种：
英文
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一种两段法制作稻草饲料的方法
发明/设计人：
郑华斌;闫景彩;唐启源;陈东;黄敏;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201811137424.7
申请时间：
2018-09-28
公开号：
CN109123096A
公开时间：
2019-01-04
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区湖南农业大学
摘要：
本发明公开了一种两段法制作稻草饲料的方法。所述两段法制作稻草饲料的方法包括如下步骤：S1、对田间的稻草进行处理，处理方式为喷施益生菌或酵素，或同时喷施益生菌和酵素；S2、将田间处理后的稻草分别通过揉捻装置、碎草装置，获得长度5‑10cm的稻草段；S3、将稻草段运回加工厂并送入干燥装置中干燥，控制干燥后的稻草段含水量在20%以内；S4、将低温干燥后的稻草段送入破碎机中破碎成长度0.5‑1.0cm的稻草小段，再通过压片机将稻草小段压缩成稻草片形成片状饲料。本发明利用简单、可行的加工工艺实现了稻草秸秆快速饲料化，提供一条新的技术路径。
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一种海绵床机抛秧育秧床及育秧方法
发明/设计人：
郑华斌;唐启源;陈元伟;徐华勤;黄敏;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201811137847.9
申请时间：
2018-09-28
公开号：
CN109121866A
公开时间：
2019-01-04
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区湖南农业大学
摘要：
本发明公开了一种海绵床机抛秧育秧床及育秧方法。所述海绵床机抛秧育秧床包括秧盘，该秧盘的底部开有多个孔；所述秧盘设置在海绵层上，且所述秧盘通过多个孔与所述海绵层连通；作为海绵床的所述海绵层为禾本科秸秆和/或杂草腐熟后形成。本发明很好的满足了机抛秧秧苗的生长发育需求。
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Changes in Rice Yield Stability in Southern China from 1949 to 2015
作者：
Yin, Xiaohong;Huang, Min* ;Zou, Yingbin
期刊：
Agricultural & Environmental Letters ,2018年3(1):170038- ISSN：2471-9625
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Yin, Xiaohong; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Improving yield stability is an important objective of agricultural progress. This study was conducted to evaluate the trends of rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield stability in southern China. Rice yield data during a 67-yr period for 12 provinces in southern China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Zhejiang) were collected from the World Rice Statistics database (from 1949 to 2013) and the database of the National Bureau of Statistics of China (for 2014 and 2015). Relative yield residuals for each province were calculated and indicated that rice yield stability significantly increased in 10 of the 12 provinces, with only Guangdong and Guizhou not showing an increase during this 67-yr period. We believe that a stable increase in rice production is achievable in southern China with the continuous efforts to develop new cultivars, improve crop management practices, and strengthen public services such as releasing disaster information and using technical experts.
语种：
英文
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一种海绵育秧床
发明/设计人：
郑华斌;唐启源;陈元伟;徐华勤;黄敏;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201821589406.8
申请时间：
2018-09-28
公开号：
CN209073031U
公开时间：
2019-07-09
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区湖南农业大学
摘要：
本实用新型公开了一种海绵育秧床。所述海绵育秧床包括秧盘，该秧盘的底部开有多个孔；所述秧盘设置在作为水肥载体的海绵层上，且所述秧盘通过多个孔与所述海绵层连通。本实用新型的育秧床改变了传统集中育秧的方式，通过设置海绵层，很好的满足了秧苗的生长发育需求。
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一种育苗秧床
发明/设计人：
郑华斌;陈佳娜;曹放波;黄敏;邹应斌;...
申请/专利权人：
湖南农业大学
申请/专利号：
CN201821100812.3
申请时间：
2018-07-12
公开号：
CN208549386U
公开时间：
2019-03-01
主申请人地址：
410128 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区湖南农业大学
摘要：
本实用新型公开了一种育苗秧床。所述育苗秧床包括自下而上依次设置的编织布层、水肥载体层、透气层和基质层；所述基质层内包绕有种子或在透气层与基质层之间设有种子；所述水肥载体层的厚度为1cm‑5cm和/或基质层的厚度为1cm‑5cm。本实用新型的育苗秧床通过育苗床中多层结构设计，为秧苗提供水肥储蓄的仓库作用、及时有效的供给水肥，有利于旱粮作物壮苗的培育。
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Integrating mechanization with agronomy and breeding to ensure food security in China
作者：
Huang, Min* ;Zou, Yingbin
期刊：
Field Crops Research ,2018年224:22-27 ISSN：0378-4290
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Food security;Growth duration;Heterosis;Rice production;Seeding rate
摘要：
Productivity of intensive rice cropping systems plays a pivotal role in national food security in China. By 2030, a 20% increase in rice yield will be required to meet the growing demand for food that will result from population growth. The success of China's super hybrid rice was expected to provide an opportunity to cope with the increased demand for rice. However, in China the planting area of super hybrid rice is less than 8% of the national total rice planting area and the planting area of hybrid rice has continued to decline since 1996. The decreased planting area of hybrid rice is related to the shift in rice establishment methods from manual transplanting to direct seeding and mechanical transplanting. These shifts can result in increased seeding rates and reduced morphological advantages of heterosis (e.g. reduced panicle size), both of which can influence cultivar choice by rice farmers, who will tend to favor cheaper inbred cultivars. The shifts in rice establishment methods can also eliminate or reduce the seedling nursey period and subsequently shorten the growth duration and negatively affect the yield. We anticipate that the above problems will be resolved by integrating mechanization (e.g. designing high-precision seed sowing machines) with agronomy (e.g. improving management practices for increasing seed vigor) and breeding (e.g. developing high-yielding cultivars with short growth durations). This strategy also has implications for production of other crops in intensive farming systems in China and for other developing countries with rice-based intensive cropping systems. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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