作者： Huang, Min*;Lei, Tao;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Jiana;Zou, Yingbin

期刊： Agronomy Journal,2021年113(1):270-275 ISSN：0002-1962

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Lei, Tao; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

摘要： Double-season rice (Oryza sativa L.) (i.e., early- and late-season rice; ESR and LSR, respectively) cropping system is a major rice production system in China. Early-season rice generally produces less biomass and consequently lower grain yield than LSR. However, limited information is available on the critical physiological factors that contribute to the difference in biomass production between ESR and LSR. To address this knowledge gap, field experiments were conducted to compare solar radiation utilization characteristics between ESR and LSR in 2yr. Results showed that aboveground biomass and grain yield in ESR were 3–23% and 3–11% lower than those in LSR, respectively. The ESR had a 10–13% lower radiation interception percentage and a 13–28% lower radiation interception amount (RIA) but a 7–12% higher radiation use efficiency (RUE) than LSR. These results suggest that radiation interception capacity is a critical physiological factor that contributes to the differences in biomass production and grain yield between ESR and LSR. In addition, this study found a close relationship between RUE and the ratio of radiation interception amount (RIA)/nitrogen uptake amount (RIA/NUA ratio), suggesting that the RIA/NUA ratio is a useful physiological parameter in determining RUE inrice. © 2020 The Authors. Agronomy Journal © 2020 American Society of Agronomy

语种： 英文

作者： 肖茜;黄敏;刘雨欣

期刊： 粮油食品科技,2021年29(05):64-70+14 ISSN：1007-7561

作者机构： 湖南农业大学 食品科学技术学院,湖南 长沙 410128;[黄敏; 肖茜; 刘雨欣] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 大米淀粉;淀粉纳米晶;可食用膜;物化性能

摘要： 采用溶剂蒸发法制备蜡质玉米淀粉纳米晶（SNC）/大米淀粉复合可食用膜,研究SNC添加量对大米淀粉复合膜力学性能、水蒸气阻隔性、热稳定性和微观结构的影响。结果表明,不同SNC添加量的复合成膜膜液在稳态剪切试验中均呈现剪切变稀的行为,为假塑性流体。随着复合膜中SNC含量的增加,其拉伸强度呈现出先增大后减小的趋势;而复合膜的水蒸气透过率则呈现出相反的变化趋势。通过扫描电镜形貌图可知,在5%SNC/大米淀粉复合膜中SNC分散均匀。随着SNC添加量增加至15%,SNC在复合膜中形成了较大的团聚体。基于X-射线衍射和热重分析,研究发现SNC的适量添加可有效提高大米淀粉复合膜的结晶度和热稳定性。

语种： 中文

作者： Huang, Min*;Tian, Alin;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Yumei;...

期刊： Scientific Reports,2020年10(1) ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Tian, Alin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Longsheng; Chen, Yumei] Hengyang Acad Agr Sci, Dept Crop Cultivat, Hengyang 421101, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

摘要： Soil microorganisms play an important role in determining productivity of agro-ecosystems. This study was conducted to compare diversity, richness, and structure (relative abundance at the phylum level) of soil bacterial communities among three rice-based cropping systems, namely, a winter fallow-rice-rice (FRR), green manure (Chinese milk vetch)-rice-rice (MRR), and oilseed rape-rice-rice (ORR), in which MRR and ORR had significantly higher productivity than FRR. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that no significant differences were observed in diversity and richness indices (observed species, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, abundance-based coverage estimators, and phylogeny-based metrics) of soil bacterial communities among the three cropping systems. However, relative abundances of dominant phyla in soil bacterial communities, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia, were significantly different among the three cropping systems. In particular, a significant reduction in the relative abundance of Nitrospirae was observed in both MRR and ORR compared with FRR. These results indicate that bacterial community structure was affected by cropping systems in the tested paddy soils. Based on the results of our studies and existing knowledge bases, we speculate that benefits to rice yield may be obtained by reducing the relative abundance of Nitrospirae and increasing the ratio of abundances of Proteobacteria/Acidobacteria in paddy soils.

语种： 英文

作者： Denardin, Luiz Gustavo de O.;Martins, Amanda P.;Bastos, Leonardo M.;Ciampitti, Ignacio A.;Anghinoni, Ibanor;...

期刊： Agronomy,2020年10(9) ISSN：2073-4395

通讯作者： Chabbi, Abad

作者机构： [Denardin, Luiz Gustavo de O.; Martins, Amanda P.; Anghinoni, Ibanor] Fed Univ Rio Grande do Sul UFRGS, Interdisciplinary Res Grp Environm Biogeochem, Soil Sci Res Program, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.;[Ciampitti, Ignacio A.; Bastos, Leonardo M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.;[Moojen, Fernanda G.; Carvalho, Paulo Cesar de F.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Grazing Ecol Res Grp, Anim Sci Res Program, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.;[Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Chabbi, Abad] French Natl Res Inst Agr Food & Environm INRAE, URP3F, F-86600 Lusignan, France.

通讯机构： [Chabbi, Abad] F;French Natl Res Inst Agr Food & Environm INRAE, URP3F, F-86600 Lusignan, France.

关键词： Cattle grazing;Glycine max;Lowland;Paddy fields;Soil chemical properties

摘要： In subtropical lowlands, the introduction of soybean and livestock in rotation are an alternative to rice monoculture. Due to the nutrient cycling process improved by animal grazing in winter fertilized pastures, soybean may not respond to mineral fertilization under a no-till integrated crop–livestock system (ICLS). Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) the soybean yield response to different fertilization levels of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) and (ii) the relationship between soybean yield and soil chemical properties sampled in different soil layers, in a no-till ICLS in subtropical lowlands. Two field studies were conducted in a system that included a soybean-flooded rice rotation integrated with cattle grazing during the winter season. During the 2015/2016 cropping season, five levels of P and K fertilization were applied to the soil. During the 2017/2018 cropping season, the relationships between soybean yield and soil chemical properties were evaluated under no fertilization treatment. Soybean yield under an ICLS did not respond to P and K fertilization, even when the soil P level was below the critical threshold. The associations between soybean yield and soil chemical properties were greatest in the 10–20 cm soil layer as compared with the 0–10 cm soil layer, especially for available P, followed by pH and soil organic matter (SOM). The crop rotation and ICLS adoption under no-till reduced the soybean reliance for mineral fertilization prior to cropping. Results of this study inform producers of possible fertilization adjustments, in which supplementing mineral fertilizer for soybean may not be necessary. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

语种： 英文

作者： Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Li, Hailin;Shan, Shuanglu;Tao, Zui;...

期刊： Journal of Plant Physiology,2020年253:153269 ISSN：0176-1617

通讯作者： Huang, Min;Abou-Elwafa, Salah Fatouh

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Xiao, Zhengwu; Liu, Yu; Cao, Fangbo; Shan, Shuanglu; Zou, Yingbin; Lei, Tao; Li, Hailin; Tao, Zui; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Abou-Elwafa, Salah Fatouh; Huang, M] Assiut Univ, Fac Agr, Agron Dept, Assiut, Egypt.

通讯机构： [Huang, M; Abou-Elwafa, SF] A;Assiut Univ, Fac Agr, Agron Dept, Assiut, Egypt.

关键词： Rice;Grain filling;Chlorophyll;Photosynthesis;Photosynthetic capacity;Cultivar variability

摘要： Grain filling in rice, a staple cereal crop worldwide, is a critical determinant of grain yield and quality. However, there is little available information on the relationship between grain filling and grain photosynthetic capacity in rice. This study evaluated the genetic diversity among six rice cultivars for their grain filling rate (GR(0)) and the relationships with the grain chlorophyll contents and grain net photosynthetic rate (P-N). Significant variations in GR(0), P-N, and the chlorophyll contents (a, b, and total) in the grains of the cultivars were observed. Approximately 90 % of the variation in GR(0) was explained by the grain P-N. General linear model regression revealed significant positive correlations between P-N/GR(0) and the chlorophyll contents (a, b, and total) in the grains. There was also a significant positive correlation between P-N and GR(0). These positive correlations suggest a direct positive relationship between the grain filling rate and grain chlorophyll contents, which is indicative of the high photosynthetic capacity of the grains during the early grain filling period. These results suggest that the grain chlorophyll contents could be used as a molecular marker in marker-assisted breeding programs for rice cultivars with high grain net photosynthetic capacity during the early period of grain filling to improve grain yield.

语种： 英文

作者： 雷涛;陶醉;曹威;田阿林;单双吕;...

期刊： 作物研究,2020年34(04):303-307 ISSN：1001-5280

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院作物与环境研究中心,长沙410128;浏阳市永安镇农业技术推广服务站,湖南浏阳410323;[陶醉; 曹放波; 田阿林; 黄敏; 雷涛; 陈佳娜; 单双吕] 湖南农业大学;[曹威] 浏阳市永安农业技术推广站

关键词： 水稻;品种;施氮量;产量;氮素利用率

摘要： 为探明不同年代水稻品种产量形成与氮素利用间的差异,于2018年早稻季在湖南永安镇进行大田试验,比较了两个年代水稻品种广陆矮4号(1960S)和中嘉早17(2000S)在5个施氮水平0(N0)、50(N50)、100(N100)、150(N150)和200(N200)kg/hm^2下的产量、产量构成、干物质与氮素利用率。结果表明:(1)两个年代水稻品种间产量、干物质积累量、收获指数、氮素积累量、氮素籽粒生产效率、氮素吸收利用率、氮素农学利用率和氮素生理利用率均无显著差异。(2)随着氮肥施用量的增加,两个品种的单位面积穗数、每穗粒数、干物质量、氮素积累量和产量均呈增加趋势,而氮素吸收利用效率、氮素生理利用效率、氮素农学利用率均呈下降趋势,但上述各指标(除氮素积累量外)在N150与N200间的差异均未达显著水平。综合考虑产量和氮素利用率,在本试验条件下两个品种的适宜施氮量均为150 kg/hm^2。

语种： 中文

作者： Huang, Min*;Lei, Tao;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Jiana;Shan, Shuanglue;...

期刊： Field Crops Research,2020年259:107970 ISSN：0378-4290

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Shan, Shuanglue; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Lei, Tao; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Crop improvement;Nitrogen;Rice;Yield potential

摘要： Rice yield can be increased by improving yield potential through breeding and expressing the yield potential by overcoming yield-limiting factors. Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient for rice growth and yield. In the past 60 years, rice yield and N rate applied have almost increased simultaneously in China. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that expressing yield potential by increasing N rates was the major factor responsible for the rice yield increase in China. A five-season field experiment was performed to determine the response of yield attributes to N rate in two elite double-cropped inbred rice cultivars released 41 years apart, i.e., an old cultivar Guangluai 4 released in 1967 and a relatively new cultivar Zhongjiazao 17 released in 2008. Five N rates (i.e., 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha–1) were employed for each cultivar. Grain yield of Guangluai 4 was increased with increasing N rate until a peak of 7.59 t ha–1 was reached at an N rate of 178 kg ha–1, while grain yield of Zhongjiazao 17 was increased with increasing N rate within 200 kg ha–1 and was estimated to achieve a maximum value of 7.96 t ha–1 at a N rate of 213 kg ha–1. The response of grain yield was closely related to the responses of panicles per m2 and total biomass in both cultivars. The results suggest that the increased N rate allowed the expression of yield potential by overcoming N limitation and meeting the higher demand of N rate for newly developed cultivars, and hence played an important role in increasing grain yield of double-cropped inbred rice in China over the past six decades. This study also indicates that the contribution of genetic improvement to the yield increase of double-cropped inbred rice in China might be not as great as previously believed. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： 陈鸽;李祖胜;李中希;傅岳峰;郑华斌;...

期刊： 杂交水稻,2020年35(6):43-48 ISSN：1005-3956

作者机构： 岳阳市农业科学研究院/农业部岳阳农业环境科学观测试验站,湖南岳阳414000;湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410000;[李中希; 傅岳峰; 陈鸽; 李祖胜] 岳阳市农业科学研究院;[黄敏; 郑华斌] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 直播稻;播种量;氮肥运筹;产量;干物质生产

摘要： 以陆两优996为试验材料,研究不同播种量、施氮量和氮肥运筹方式对直播稻产量及干物质生产的影响。结果表明,播种量对产量具有极显著影响(P<0.01),施氮量对产量的影响显著(P<0.05),氮肥运筹方式对产量影响不显著;当播种量由15 kg/hm~2增加到45 kg/hm~2时,产量增加,但当播种量达到75 kg/hm~2时,产量增加不显著,在高氮下甚至降低;低播种量和高施氮量组合有利于单株干物质的积累和转运;抽穗后叶片物质输出率随着播种量的增加而增加,而茎鞘物质输出率随着播种量的增加而降低;当播种量为45 kg/hm~2,施氮量为150 kg/hm~2,氮肥运筹方式为基肥︰分蘖肥︰穗肥=5 ∶ 2 ∶ 3时,产量最高,群体质量也较好。

语种： 中文

作者： Huang, Min*;Fang, Shengliang;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Jiana;Shan, Shuanglu;...

期刊： Field Crops Research,2020年253:107832 ISSN：0378-4290

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Liu, Yu; Cao, Fangbo; Shan, Shuanglu; Zou, Yingbin; Tian, Alin; Lei, Tao; Fang, Shengliang; Huang, Min; Tao, Zui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Fang, Shengliang] Hengyang Acad Agr Sci, Dept Crop Cultivat, Hengyang 421101, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Early sowing;Grain yield;Machine transplanting;Rice

摘要： The shift from hand transplanting to machine transplanting has increased seed sowing rates and hence shortened seedling age and delayed sowing for late-season rice. The development of a single-seed sowing system for machine-transplanted rice can reduce seed sowing rates and provides a possible way to determine the performance of machine-transplanted late-season rice with early sowing. In this study, field experiments were conducted in two years with two rice cultivars to compare seedling shoot biomass at transplanting (TP), crop growth characteristics, and yield attributes in machine-transplanted late-season rice under single-seed sowing between two sowing dates, i.e., 30 June (SD30) and 15 June (SD15). Averaged across two cultivars and two years, seedling shoot biomass at TP under SD15 was 352% higher than those under SD30. Specific leaf weight (SLW) at heading (HD), crop growth rate (CGR) and biomass production during TP to HD, harvest index, and translocation of biomass accumulated before HD to the grain were higher under SD15 than under SD30 by 4–21%. SD15 had a 5–6% higher spikelet-filling percentage and grain yield than SD30. These results suggest that early sowing can improve the CGR during TP to HD by enhancing seedling growth and increasing SLW, and consequently, increase the biomass production during TP to HD, biomass translocation, and grain yield in machine-transplanted late-season rice under single-seed sowing. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： Yin, Xiaohong;Tao, Zui;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Huang, Min*;...

期刊： Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany,2020年89(2):415-422 ISSN：1851-5657

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Yin, Xiaohong; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Tao, Zui; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Biochar;nitrogen uptake;radiation use efficiency;rice

摘要： It has been shown that adding biochar to soil can improve nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization in rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, there is a lack of research on the physiological alterations of rice as a result of the changes in nitrogen uptake due to the addition of biochar. This study conducted field experiments in 2015 and 2016 with the goal of testing the hypothesis that the application of biochar would enhance radiation use efficiency (RUE) of rice by improving the plant's ability to take in and utilize nitrogen. Our results demonstrated that the application of biochar (20 t ha(-1)) induced no significant effects on pre-heading specific leaf weight (SLW), nitrogen uptake (NUpre), and leaf area index (LAI) at heading, the ratios of LAI/NUpre and SLW/Nupre, or pre-heading RUE. However, biochar application significantly increased post-heading nitrogen uptake (NUpost), ratios of NUpost/SLW and NUpost/LAI, and post-heading RUE. These results indicate that the application of biochar can improve the plant's nitrogen uptake and RUE in field-grown rice during the post-heading period, which confirms our hypothesis.

语种： 英文

作者： Yin, Xiaohong;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Tao, Zui;Huang, Min*

期刊： Plant Production Science,2020年23(4):522-528 ISSN：1343-943X

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Yin, Xiaohong; Cao, Fangbo; Tao, Zui; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Coll Agron, Changsha, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Coll Agron, Changsha, Peoples R China.

关键词： Biochar;biomass translocation;crop growth;grain yield;rice

摘要： Although biochar has potential benefits in environmental and agronomic aspects, short-term application of biochar to rice does not increase grain yield. The objective of this study was to identify the crop growth characteristics responsible for why applying biochar over the short-term does not increase grain yield in rice, thus providing information for how to increase grain yield in rice following short-term application of biochar. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of biochar application (20 t ha–1) on yield attributes and crop growth characteristics in rice grown under two N rates in two years. Results showed that biochar application had no significant effects on grain yield or yield components. Biochar application increased radiation use efficiency and biomass production during post-heading and total biomass production by 7–16%. Pre-heading biomass translocation and harvest index were decreased by 4–11% with biochar application. These results indicate that the lack of increased yield in rice following short-term application of biochar is attributable to compensation between increased biomass production resulting from improved post-heading crop growth and decreased harvest index resulting from reduced pre-heading biomass translocation. The finding of this study suggests that establishing a compatible relationship between post-heading crop growth and pre-heading biomass translocation is critical for increasing grain yield in rice following application of biochar over the short-term. © 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

语种： 英文

作者： Chen, Jiana;Zhang, Ruichun;Cao, Fangbo;Yin, Xiaohong;Liang, Tianfeng;...

期刊： Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany,2020年89(4):1043-1057 ISSN：1851-5657

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Yin, Xiaohong; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ruichun] Hengyang Inst Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resource & Environm, Hengyang 421101, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Xiaohong; Liang, Tianfeng] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst Guangxi, Key Lab Rice Genet & Breeding, Nanning 530007, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Early-season rice;grain yield;hybrid rice;inbred rice;mechanical transplanting

摘要： Double-season rice cropping systems occupy a large portion of the rice production area in southern China. Because the problem of insufficient labor, mechanical transplanting (in contrast to the manual transplanting) was become more attractive in double-season rice system. However, the decisive yield factors which resulting in high grain yield of early-season rice are unclear under mechanical- transplanted conditions. In present study, the field experiments were conducted in the early season in 2017 and repeated in 2018 in Santang Town, Hunan Province, China. Ten early season rice cultivars (Zhuliangyou 819, Lingliangyou 268, Lingliangyou 104, Luliangyou 996, Xiangzaoxian 24, Xiangzaoxian 32, Xiangzaoxian 45, Xiangzaoxian 42, Zhongjiazao 17, and Zhongzao 39) were used as materials in this study. The difference in grain yield and closelyrelated agronomic and physiological traits of ten tested cultivars were compared. The range of yields (t ha-1 at 86% dry matter) in 2017 was 6.2 to 8.7 (mean 7.8) and in 2018 was 6.5 to 8.4 (mean 7.8). Grain weight and pre-heading biomass accumulation had potent significant positive correlations with the grain yield. The greater pre-heading biomass accumulation was major attributed to higher apparent radiation use efficiency. Our results suggested that early-season rice cultivars to achieve the high grain yield in mechanical-transplanted conditions depends on apparent radiation use efficiency in the pre-heading period and higher grain weight. © 2020, Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： Huang, Min*;Fang, Shengliang;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Jiana;Shan, Shuanglu;...

期刊： Annals of Applied Biology,2020年176(3):308-313 ISSN：0003-4746

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Liu, Yu; Cao, Fangbo; Shan, Shuanglu; Zou, Yingbin; Tian, Alin; Lei, Tao; Fang, Shengliang; Huang, Min; Tao, Zui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Fang, Shengliang] Hengyang Acad Agr Sci, Dept Crop Cultivat, Hengyang, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： grain yield;machine transplanting;precision sowing;rice;seedling age

摘要： High seed sowing rates have shortened seedling age in conventional machine-transplanted rice, which has become a challenge for intensive rice production in China. This study aimed to test our hypothesis that prolonging seedling age may not lead to reduced yield in machine-transplanted early-season rice under precision sowing. Field experiments were conducted with two cultivars in 2 years to determine the effect of prolonging seedling age on seedling traits, grain yield, and yield attributes in machine-transplanted early-season rice with printed sowing (a new precision sowing method). All tested seedling traits, including height, basal width, leaf and root number, and shoot and root biomass, were significantly increased when seedling age was prolonged from 20 days (a commonly recommended seedling age for conventional machine transplanting) to 30 days. The prolonged seedling age did not significantly affect grain yield, yield components, or biomass production and translocation. These results support our hypothesis and suggest that adopting precision sowing is a feasible way to prolong seedling age of machine-transplanted early-season rice. © 2020 Association of Applied Biologists

语种： 英文

作者： 康家鑫;刘大为;李旭;谢方平;黄敏;...

期刊： 中国农业科技导报,2020年22(10):85-92 ISSN：1008-0864

作者机构： 湖南农业大学机电工程学院,智能农机装备湖南省重点实验室,长沙410128;湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128;[谢方平; 刘大为; 黄敏; 李旭; 郑华斌; 康家鑫] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 泥浆处理装置;曲柄滑块;振动筛

摘要： 针对育秧泥浆处理装置的振动筛筛面残留有石块的问题,对筛面上石块的运动状态进行研究。通过理论分析得到了石块的运动状态与振动筛不同参数之间的关系。选取导轨倾角、曲柄转速、曲柄长度为影响因素,落石率为评价指标,利用RecurDyn和EDEM进行联合仿真,分析了不同影响因素的变化对落石率的影响,建立了不同影响因素和落石率之间的曲线,得到了最优参数组合。根据仿真结果,当导轨倾角为30°、曲柄转速为120 r·min~(-1)、曲柄长度为0.16 m时,振动筛的落石率最好,并通过物理样机试验,验证了仿真得到最优参数的有效性。该结果为进一步研究曲柄滑块振动筛提供参考。

语种： 中文

作者： Huang, Min*;Shan, Shuanglue;Cao, Jialin;Fang, Shengliang;Tian, Alin;...

期刊： Scientific Reports,2020年10(1) ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Shan, Shuanglue; Liu, Yu; Yin, Xiaohong; Cao, Jialin; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Tian, Alin; Fang, Shengliang; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Xiaohong] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Guangxi Key Lab Rice Genet & Breeding, Rice Res Inst, Nanning 530007, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

摘要： The development of machine-transplanted hybrid rice is a feasible approach to meet the needs of both high grain yield and high labor efficiency in China, but limited information is available on the critical plant traits associated with high grain yields in machine-transplanted hybrid rice. This study was carried out to identify which type of culms (i.e., main stems and primary and secondary tillers) and which yield components of this culm are critical to achieving high grain yields in machine-transplanted hybrid rice. Field experiments were conducted with two hybrid rice cultivars grown under two densities of machine transplanting in two years. Results showed that total grain yield of main stems and primary and secondary tillers was not significantly affected by cultivar but was significantly affected by density and year. Averaged across cultivars, densities, and years, main stems and primary and secondary tillers contributed about 15%, 50%, and 35% to total grain yield, respectively. Total grain yield was not significantly related to grain yields of main stems and secondary tillers but was positively and significantly related to grain yield of primary tillers. Approximately 85% of the variation in total grain yield was explained by grain yield of primary tillers, which was positively and significantly related to primary-tiller panicles per m(2) but not to spikelets per panicle, spikelet filling percentage, or grain weight of primary tillers. Based on these results, it is concluded that primary-tiller panicle number is essential for achieving high grain yields in machine-transplanted hybrid rice.

语种： 英文

作者： Yin, Xiaohong;Zhang, Hengdong;Chen, Jiana;Zhang, Ruichun;Liu, Longsheng;...

期刊： Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany,2020年89(1):97-102 ISSN：1851-5657

通讯作者： Huang, Min

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Yin, Xiaohong; Zou, Yingbin; Zhang, Hengdong; Huang, Min; Chen, Guanghui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr Human Hlth, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ruichun; Liu, Longsheng] Hengyang Inst Agr Sci, Santang 421101, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr Human Hlth, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Amylose content;early season rice;grain quality;grain yield

摘要： Eating quality is of paramount importance to rice (Oryza sativa L.) consumers and soft rice with low amylose content has become popular in China This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of soft rice grown in the early season (ES) dominated by non-soft rice. Field experiments were conducted in Yongan and Santang, Hunan Province, China from 2016-2018. Results showed that grain amylose content in soft rice cultivars was consistently lower in the ES compared to the late season (LS). The lower grain amylose content in the ES compared to the LS was partly attributed to higher average daily mean temperature during grain filling. No significant relationship was observed between grain yield and seed amylose content in ES rice. Soft rice cultivars produced a similar average grain yield to non-soft rice cultivars in the ES. These results encourage breeders to develop more ES rice cultivars with soft texture to meet the consumer demand for this type of rice.

语种： 英文

作者： Zhao, Quan;Hao, Xiangyang;Ali, Izhar;Iqbal, Anas;Ullah, Saif;...

期刊： Agronomy,2020年10(2) ISSN：2073-4395

通讯作者： Jiang, Ligeng

作者机构： [Hao, Xiangyang; Xuan, Ying; Zhao, Quan; Luo, Yuqiong; Iqbal, Anas; Wei, Shanqing; Li, Tianyuan; Kong, Feiyang; Li, Faqiao; Liang, He; Yan, Bo; Ullah, Saif; Ali, Izhar; Jiang, Ligeng; Chen, Nianping] Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Ligeng; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Jiang, Ligeng] G;[Jiang, Ligeng] H;Guangxi Univ, Key Lab Crop Cultivat & Farming Syst, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Grain growth;Grain position;Mathematical simulation;Primary branch grouping;Rice

摘要： Grain filling can directly influence rice yield. However, there is limited information on the growth relationship among grains at different positions on the entire panicle during grain filling. In this study, field experiments were conducted in 2014–2015 to compare the growth dynamics of grains at various positions for two rice cultivars (Nongle 1 and Guifeng 2). The results showed that a high similarity and a slow–fast–slow trend of dry-matter accumulation occurred in all primary branches. However, the maximum grain growth rates of the top primary branches were 86% and 44% higher than basal primary branches of Nongle 1 and Guifeng 2, respectively. Similarly, the maximum final grain weights were 32% and 18% greater in the top primary branches than in the basal primary branches of Nongle 1 and Guifeng 2, respectively. In contrast, the active grain filling duration was 1.5 and 1.3 times longer in the basal primary branches than the top primary branches of Nongle 1 and Guifeng 2, respectively. The time to reach the maximum rate of grain growth of the basal primary branches for Nongle 1 and Guifeng 2 was 2.2 and 2.5 times longer than those of the top primary branches, respectively. Based on cluster analysis of growth characteristics of all primary branches, Group I (superior primary-branches) was considered to be the fastest for grain filling and greatest for dry matter weight, followed by Group II (medium primary-branches). The poorest growth occurred in Group III (inferior primary-branches). Therefore, the yield of poor-filling grains at the basal panicle could be achieved primarily by improving the growth of Group III. © 2020 by the authors.

语种： 英文

作者： Chen, Jiana;Zhang, Ruichun;Cao, Fangbo;Yin, Xiaohong;Zou, Yingbin;...

期刊： Agronomy,2020年10(9) ISSN：2073-4395

通讯作者： Huang, Min;Abou-Elwafa, Salah Fatouh

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Yin, Xiaohong; Cao, Fangbo; Zou, Yingbin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ruichun] Hengyang Inst Agr Sci, Hengyang 421101, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Xiaohong] Guangxi Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Guangxi Key Lab Rice Genet & Breeding, Nanning 530007, Peoples R China.;[Abou-Elwafa, Salah Fatouh] Assiut Univ, Fac Agr, Agron Dept, Assiut 71526, Egypt.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;[Abou-Elwafa, Salah Fatouh] A;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Assiut Univ, Fac Agr, Agron Dept, Assiut 71526, Egypt.

关键词： Double-cropping rice;Harvest index;Rice;Short-duration rice;Yield

摘要： The development of large-scale farming has encouraged the adoption of mechanical transplanting techniques for rice production. However, the increased farming operation times that often occur under large-scale farming conditions necessitate shortening the duration of rice growth, especially that of late-season rice; therefore, rice cultivars with short growth durations are popular under such conditions. A field experiment using two short-duration rice cultivars (SRCs), i.e., Jiuliangyou 3 and Shengyou 9520, and two long-duration rice cultivars (LRCs), i.e., Shengyou 957 and Tianyouhuazhan, was conducted in the late season in Yongan and Santang, Hunan Province, China in 2017 and 2018. The grain yield and yield attributes were compared between the SRCs and LRCs, showing that the SRCs, which exhibited an 11-12-day shorter growth period, revealed similar grain yield to the LRCs. The SRCs also exhibited a 10-31% higher spikelet filling rate and a 13% higher harvest index than the LRCs. Moreover, the biomass accumulation, crop growth rate, and apparent radiation use efficiency of the SRCs were significantly higher than those of the LRCs during the postheading phase. Our results indicate that the higher spikelet filling rate, the harvest index, and the apparent radiation use efficiency of the postheading period were the underlying factors for the SRCs' grain yield. © 2020 by the authors.

语种： 英文

作者： Zhang, Hengdong;Chen, Jiana;Shan, Shuanglu;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Guanghui;...

期刊： BMC Genomics,2020年21(1):1-11 ISSN：1471-2164

通讯作者： Huang, Min;Abou-Elwafa, Salah F.

作者机构： [Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Shan, Shuanglu; Zou, Yingbin; Zhang, Hengdong; Chen, Guanghui; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hengdong] Qianxinan Inst Karst Reg Dev Xingyi, Xingyi 652400, Guizhou, Peoples R China.;[Abou-Elwafa, Salah F.] Assiut Univ, Agron Dept, Fac Agr, Assiut 71526, Egypt.

通讯机构： [Huang, Min] H;[Abou-Elwafa, Salah F.] A;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Assiut Univ, Agron Dept, Fac Agr, Assiut 71526, Egypt.

关键词： Rice;Proteomic;Amylose;Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis;Starch and sucrose metabolism

摘要： Background: Amylose accumulation in rice grains is controlled by genetic and environmental factors. Amylose content is a determinant factor of rice quality in terms of cooking and eating. Great variations in amylose content in indica rice cultivars have been observed. The current study was to identify differentially expressed proteins in starch and sucrose metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways and their relationships to amylose synthesis using two rice cultivars possess contrasting phenotypes in grain amylose content. Results: Synthesis and accumulation of amylose in rice grains significantly affected the variations between rice cultivars in amylose contents. The high amylose content cultivar has three down-regulated differentially expressed proteins, i.e., LOC_Os01g62420.1, LOC_Os02g36600.1, and LOC_Os08g37380.2 in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, which limit the glycolytic process and decrease the glucose-1-phosphate consumption. In the starch and sucrose metabolic pathway, an up-regulated protein, i.e., LOC_Os06g04200.1 and two down-regulated proteins, i.e., LOC_Os05g32710.1 and LOC_Os04g43360.1 were identified (Figure 4). Glucose-1-phosphate is one of the first substrates in starch synthesis and glycolysis that are catalyzed to form adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG), then the ADPG is catalyzed by granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSS I) to elongate amylose. Conclusions: The results indicate that decreasing the consumption of glucose-1-phosphate in the glycolytic process is essential for the formation of ADPG and UDPG, which are substrates for amylose synthesis. In theory, amylose content in rice can be regulated by controlling the fate of glucose-1-phosphate. © 2020, The Author(s).

语种： 英文

作者： 熊海蓉;饶桠楠;史万杰;熊远福;黄敏

期刊： 安徽农业科学,2020年48(24):171-173,183 ISSN：0517-6611

作者机构： 湖南农业大学化学与材料科学学院,湖南长沙410128;扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225000;湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128;[史万杰; 熊海蓉; 黄敏; 熊远福] 湖南农业大学;[饶桠楠] 扬州大学

关键词： 苍耳子;抗寒物质;提取工艺;抗寒性;水稻

摘要： [目的]获得苍耳子中抗寒物质的最佳提取工艺条件.[方法]以苍耳子为原料、水稻为试验对象,研究提取剂的筛选,探讨料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取次数等因素对苍耳子中抗寒物质提取的影响,通过L9(34)正交试验确定最佳提取条件.[结果]苍耳子中抗寒物质的最佳提取工艺条件为提取剂50％乙醇、料液比1:9(g:mL)、提取温度80℃、提取时间40 min、提取3次;粉体抗寒物质的产率为10.0％.[结论]该提取工艺简便、成本较低,获得的抗寒物质能显著提高秧苗游离脯氨酸含量.

语种： 中文